Scope of Archaea in Fish Feed: a New Chapter in Aquafeed Probiotics?

The outbreak of diseases leading to substantial loss is a major bottleneck in aquaculture. Over the last decades, the concept of using feed probiotics was more in focus to address the growth and health of cultivable aquatic organisms. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the distinct functionality of archaea from conventional probiotics in nutrient utilization, specific caloric contribution, evading immune response and processing thermal resistance.

First detection of Herpesvirus anguillae (AngHV-1) associated with mortalities in farmed giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata) in Vietnam.

Giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata) farming in Vietnam is a multistage process starting from wild harvest of glass eels through the so-called "hatcheries" and distribution centres from which individuals are transferred to rearing farms and subsequently sold by one eel farm to another every 3-5 months. The information on viral agents spread and persistence in the Vietnamese eel aquaculture is scarce. Therefore, the mortality of A.

A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture.

The sustainability of aquaculture has been debated intensely since 2000, when a review on the net contribution of aquaculture to world fish supplies was published in Nature. This paper reviews the developments in global aquaculture from 1997 to 2017, incorporating all industry sub-sectors and highlighting the integration of aquaculture in the global food system. Inland aquaculture-especially in Asia-has contributed the most to global production volumes and food security.

First record of Branchipodopsis affinis Sars, 1901 (Crustacea: Anostraca) in Iran (Bazargan, West Azerbaijan): Ecology, Morphology and Genetics.

We report the first record of Branchipodopsis affinis Sars, 1901 (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) from Iran. The specimens were collected in small temporary pools in the Bazargan area located in West Azerbaijan province, in spring 2015. Details on the biogeography, ecology and morphology of this species are provided.

Genetic Dissection of a Precocious Phenotype in Male Tiger Pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) using Genotyping by Random Amplicon Sequencing, Direct (GRAS-Di).

The novel non-targeted PCR-based genotyping system, namely Genotyping by Random Amplicon Sequencing, Direct (GRAS-Di), is characterized by the simplicity in library construction and robustness against DNA degradation and is expected to facilitate advancements in genetics, in both basic and applied sciences. In this study, we tested the utility of GRAS-Di for genetic analysis in a cultured population of the tiger pufferfish Takifugu rubripes. The genetic analyses included family structure analysis, genetic map construction, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for the male precocious phenotype using a population consisting of four full-sib families derived from a genetically precocious line.

An Endeavor to Find Starter Feed Alternatives and Techniques for Zebrafish First-Feeding Larvae: The Effects on Viability, Morphometric Traits, Digestive Enzymes, and Expression of Growth-Related Genes.

Low and variable growth and survival rates (SR) of 6-10 days postfertilization zebrafish larvae are a problem. This problem seems to be linked to starter feed characteristics. This study is an attempt to find alternatives to address these requests.

A new myxosporean species, Henneguya lata n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae), from the gills of yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Perciformes: Sparidae) in the Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam.

During a survey of myxosporean parasites of marine fish in the coastal region of Vietnam, a species of the genus Henneguya (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) was found in the gill of yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Perciformes: Sparidae). White and oval cysts, measuring 145-220 μm in diameter, were detected in the gill lamellae of 4 of 15 fish examined (26.7%).

Insect (black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens) meal supplementation prevents the soybean meal-induced intestinal enteritis in rainbow trout and health benefits of using insect oil.

Black solider fly larvae (BSFL) and their oils (BSFLO) are receiving increasing attention as sustainable ingredients in fish feeds, but mostly as replacements to marine sources. There were two aims to this study; in exp. 1, soybean meal (SBM)-based diets were formulated to contain BSFL as supplements at 0 (SBM), 8 (SBM + BSFL) or 16% (SBM + BSFL) with a control diet being fishmeal-based (FM).

Chronic exposure to environmental cadmium affects growth and survival, cellular stress, and glucose metabolism in juvenile channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

Anthropogenic activities have led to the enrichment of cadmium in freshwater systems where it is a contaminant of concern for fisheries and aquaculture as it has no known biological function and is toxic at trace concentrations. Yet, knowledge gaps remain regarding effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations on freshwater fish. Thus, the objectives of the current study were to assess chronic impacts of cadmium on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) including how tissue-specific bioaccumulation patterns relate to functions of those tissues over time.

The Safe Soluble Compound Dehydroascorbic Acid Inhibits Various Upstream and Downstream Effectors of PI3K and KRAS Signaling Pathways in Undruggable -Mutant Colorectal Cancer Stem-Like Cells.

Efforts to develop effective drugs targeting PI3K and KRAS signaling pathways in -mutant colorectal cancer stem cells (CRCSCs) remain challenging. Finding safe compounds that can easily enter CRCSCs with the ability to target metastasis-driver gene and pluripotency network genes as key upstream and downstream effectors of both PI3K and KRAS signaling pathways may provide promising results. -mutant CRCSCs display high expression of glucose transporters (GLUTs) on their cell membrane and a glycolytic phenotype providing an opportunity to deliver antiglycolytic compounds into these cells via the GLUTs.

Extracellular Vesicles and Post-Translational Protein Deimination Signatures in Mollusca-The Blue Mussel (), Soft Shell Clam (), Eastern Oyster () and Atlantic Jacknife Clam ().

Oysters and clams are important for food security and of commercial value worldwide. They are affected by anthropogenic changes and opportunistic pathogens and can be indicators of changes in ocean environments. Therefore, studies into biomarker discovery are of considerable value.

Whole genome resequencing reveals genomic regions associated with thermal adaptation in redband trout.

Adaptation to local environments involves evolution of ecologically important traits and underlying physiological processes. Here, we used low coverage whole-genome resequencing (lcWGR) on individuals to identify genome regions involved in thermal adaptation in wild redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri, a subspecies of rainbow trout that inhabits ecosystems ranging from cold montane forests to high elevation deserts. This study includes allele frequency-based analyses for selective sweeps among populations, followed by multiple association tests for specific sets of phenotypes measured under thermal stress (acute and chronic survival/mortality; high or low cardiac performance groups).

The response of PIK3CA/KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer stem-like cells to RGD-peptide FraC produced by the strawberry anemone: A promising water-soluble peptide-based inhibitor of metastasis-driver gene CXCR4, stem cell regulatory genes and self-renewal.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a stem cell-based disease. PIK3CA/KRAS-mutant CRC stem cells (CRCSCs) display high self-renewal, metastatic properties, high activity of PI3K and KRAS signaling pathways with chemoresistant phenotypes. Recently, RGD peptide (containing Arg-Gly-Asp motif)-based therapy of solid tumor cells has attracted much attention.

Efficacy of mozuku fucoidan in alternative protein-based diet to improve growth, health performance, and stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major.

We evaluated the efficacy of mozuku fucoidan supplementation to alternative dietary proteins used in fish meal (FM) replacement to enhance growth, immunity, and stress resistance of Pagrus major. Seven isonitrogenous (45% protein) experimental diets were formulated where diet 1 (D1) was FM-based control diet. Diets 2 to 7 were formulated by replacing 25, 50, and 75% of FM protein with soy protein isolate (SPI) protein, and each replacement level was supplemented without or with fucoidan at 0.

Anti-Cancer Effect of Melatonin via Downregulation of Delta-like Ligand 4 in Estrogen-Responsive Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: The Notch signaling pathway has a key role in angiogenesis and Delta - Like Ligand 4 (DLL4) is one of the main ligands of Notch involved in cell proliferation in sprouting vessels.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of DLL4 in primary breast tumors and to examine the effect of melatonin on DLL4 expression in vitro.

Methods: Eighty-five breast tumor and paired adjacent non-tumor tissue samples were collected.

Potential amelioration of waterborne iron toxicity in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) through dietary supplementation of vitamin C.

Iron overload in water is a problem in many areas of the world, which could exert toxic effects on fish. To achieve maximum growth and overall fitness, iron induced toxicity must be alleviated. Therefore, this research was undertaken to investigate the potential mitigation of iron toxicity by dietary vitamin C supplementation in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

Determination of a novel parvovirus pathogen associated with massive mortality in adult tilapia.

Tilapia is one of the most important economic and fastest-growing species in aquaculture worldwide. In 2015, an epidemic associated with severe mortality occurred in adult tilapia in Hubei, China. The causative pathogen was identified as Tilapia parvovirus (TiPV) by virus isolation, electron microscopy, experimental challenge, In situ hybridization (ISH), indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), and viral gene sequencing.

Stable isotopes reveal contrasting trophic dynamics between host-parasite relationships: A case study of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and parasitic lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Argulus foliaceus).

Across existing fish host-parasite literature, endoparasites were depleted in δ N compared to their hosts, while ectoparasitic values demonstrated enrichment, depletion and equivalence relative to their hosts. δ C enrichment varied extensively for both endo- and ectoparasites across taxa and host tissues. In our case study, sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) were enriched in δ N relative to their farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) hosts, although the value contradicted the average that is currently assumed across the animal kingdom.

Metazoan Parasite Life Cycles: Significance for Fish Mariculture.

Marine fish are a nutritious and high-value food commodity, but many wild-capture fisheries are in decline. Thus, marine fish culture is expected to expand greatly in coming years. Management of disease is a major problem in this industry, and metazoan parasites are among the most significant disease agents in terms of economic loss and animal welfare.

Expected ocean warming conditions significantly alter the transcriptome of developing postlarval American lobsters (Homarus americanus): Implications for energetic trade-offs.

The American lobster (Homarus americanus) is one of the most iconic and economically valuable fishery species in the Northwestern Atlantic. Surface ocean temperatures are rapidly increasing across much of the species' range, raising concern about resiliency in the face of environmental change. Warmer temperatures accelerate rates of larval development and enhance survival to the postlarval stage, but the potential costs at the molecular level have rarely been addressed.

Extracellular vesicles and post-translational protein deimination signatures in haemolymph of the American lobster (Homarus americanus).

The American lobster (Homarus americanus) is a commercially important crustacean with an unusual long life span up to 100 years and a comparative animal model of longevity. Therefore, research into its immune system and physiology is of considerable importance both for industry and comparative immunology studies. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a phylogenetically conserved enzyme family that catalyses post-translational protein deimination via the conversion of arginine to citrulline.

High taurine supplementation in plant protein-based diets improves growth and organoleptic characteristics of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax).

Plant-based proteins are increasingly being used in aquafeeds, but one of the limitations is taurine deficiency that can be especially detrimental for carnivorous fish. In this study, taurine supplementation in high plant protein diets (low fish meal, 15%) was investigated on the growth performance and fillet organoleptic characteristics of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), juveniles (78 ± 0.4 g).

In vivo cultivation of tuna blood fluke Cardicola orientalis in terebellid intermediate hosts.

Some fish blood flukes of the genus Cardicola (Aporocotylidae) are considered important pathogens of farmed/ranched tuna, Thunnus spp. Infections with Cardicola spp. might obstruct the blood flow in the gills via massive accumulations of eggs and often lead to mass mortalities in captive tuna.

Effect of replacement of fish oil with different plant oils in broodstocks diets on egg and larval antioxidant defense development.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of feeding rainbow trout ( broodstocks with different ratio of plant oils to evaluate the changes in antioxidant defense status in the progenies. In the experimental diets, fish oil was replaced with different combination of plant oils including corn oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, and coconut oil, to gain different levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in the experimental diets. Fish fed eight weeks with experimental diets before reproduction.

Author Correction: Targeted mutagenesis of the ryanodine receptor by Platinum TALENs causes slow swimming behaviour in Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis).

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.