Carbazole-based photocatalyst (4CzIPN) for novel donor-acceptor (D-A) fluorophore-catalyzed visible-light-induced photosynthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1)-ones/thiones a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process.

Based on the Biginelli reaction of β-ketoesters, arylaldehydes, and urea/thiourea, we created a green radical synthesis procedure for 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1)-ones/thiones. A PCET (proton-coupled electron transfer) photocatalyst was used in an ethanol solution in an air environment and at room temperature and visible light to provide a renewable energy source. In this study, we seek to create a novel donor-acceptor (D-A) fluorophore that is affordable and widely available.

The development of imin-based tandem Michael-Mannich cyclocondensation through a single-electron transfer (SET)/energy transfer (EnT) pathway in the use of methylene blue (MB) as a photo-redox catalyst.

A four-component green tandem approach for the metal-free synthesis of polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles was devised using the Michael-Mannich cyclocondensation of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylaes, and formaldehyde. Photo-excited state functions generated from methylene blue (MB) were employed as single-electron transfer (SET) and energy transfer (EnT) catalysts at ambient temperature in an ethanol solvent, employing visible light as a renewable energy source in the air atmosphere. This study aims to increase the usage of a non-metal cationic dye that is both inexpensive and widely available.