Comparison of Phacoemulsification and Aspiration Parameters in Cataract Surgery: Metal Tip vs. Hybrid Tip.

Various tips are available for phacoemulsification in cataract surgery. Evidence-based data can inform ophthalmologists, especially inexperienced ones, on tip selection. We retrospectively evaluated the energy efficiency and other parameters of two ultrasonic phacoemulsification and aspiration tips across different nuclear hardness grades in 342 cataract patients (342 eyes) with nuclear hardness grades II to IV.

Colonic Fishbone-Induced Perforation Involving a Penile Colorectal Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Introduction: Fishbone (FB) ingestion is a rare cause of gastrointestinal perforation. Herein, we report a case of FB-induced colonic perforation, in which the presence of a penile colonic carcinoma may have contributed to the development of the perforation.

Case Presentation: An 83-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with severe abdominal pain during bowel movement.

Comparison of INTREPID® balanced and hybrid tips on anterior capsule rupture in ex vivo porcine eyes.

Phacoemulsification has emerged as the global standard for cataract surgery, and various novel methods, tools, and agents have promoted surgical efficiency and reduced complications. Conventionally, the phaco tip, which cleaves and aspirates the cataractous lens, has been mainly constructed of metal. In this study, the risk of anterior capsule rupture was evaluated under conditions of different power modes, longitudinal (Mode-L), torsional (Mode-T), or both (Mode-LT), and different aspiration powers (0 or 200 mmHg), using a traditional metal phaco tip (Group-M) or a new phaco tip with a high-strength polymer overmold on the needle edge (Group-P), which was developed to reduce the risk of capsule rupture.

Flexural and Cell Adhesion Characteristic of Phakic Implantable Lenses.

: In this study, we aimed to compare the physical properties of hole-implantable collamer lenses (H-ICLs) and implantable phakic contact lenses (IPCLs) and investigate their flexural and cell adhesion characteristics. : Transverse compression load to achieve lens flexion and static Young's modulus were measured in H-ICLs and IPCLs using designated equipment. Load was measured both with and without restraining the optic section of the lenses.

Evaluation of Posterior Ligamentous Complex Injury in Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures: Correlation Analysis of CT and MRI Findings.

The goal of this study is to perform correlation analysis of Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results in posterior ligament complex (PLC) injury and define the morphological traits of thoracolumbar (TL) burst fractures connected to PLC injury. Forty patients with surgically repaired TL burst fractures between January 2013 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were split into two groups for comparison based on MRI (Group P: patients with a confirmed or suspected PLC injury; Group N: patients with PLC injury denied).

Risk factors for postoperative bleeding and early death in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background And Aim: Comprehensive reports on the risk factors for bleeding and early death after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) are limited. In this multicenter study, we retrospectively investigated the risk factors for bleeding and early death after PEG.

Methods: Patients (n = 1234) who underwent PEG between 2015 and 2020 at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University and its affiliated hospitals (11 institutions in total) were evaluated for postoperative bleeding and early death (within 60 days) after PEG according to patient characteristics, construction method, medical history, medications, preoperative hematological findings, and perioperative adverse events.

Risk Factors for Cervical Deformity After Posterior Cervical Decompression Surgery: A Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter study.

Objective: Posterior decompression surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a common surgery; however, it can cause postoperative cervical deformity (CD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for CD.

Preoperative prognostic nutritional index as a predictive factor for medical complication after cervical posterior decompression surgery: A multicenter study.

Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: To investigate postoperative medical complications in patients with malnutrition after cervical posterior surgery.

Methods: A total of 256 patients were participated and divided into PNI < 50 group (group L) or PNI ≥ 50 (group H).

Calf circumference positively correlates with calf muscle thickness and negatively correlates with calf subcutaneous fat thickness and percent body fat in non-obese healthy young adults.

Background: Calf circumference is measured for assessing sarcopenia, nutrition status, percent body fat or obesity. However, there has been no study that investigated the relationship between calf circumference and calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between calf circumference, calf muscle thickness, and calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness in non-obese healthy young adults.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Pancreatic Duct Drainage: Techniques and Literature Review of Transmural Stenting.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct drainage (EUS-PD) has emerged as an option in patients with failure of retrograde access to the pancreatic duct (PD) because of difficulty in cannulation or surgically altered anatomy. This article provides a comprehensive review of the techniques and outcomes of EUS-PD, especially EUS-guided pancreatic transmural stenting. The clinical data derived from a total of 401 patients were reviewed in which the overall technical and clinical success rates were 339/401 (85%, range 63%-100%) and 328/372 (88%, range 76%-100%), respectively.

Role of high-dose salvage radiotherapy for oligometastases of the localised abdominal/pelvic lymph nodes: a retrospective study.

Background: Abdominal/pelvic lymph node (LN) oligometastasis, a pattern of treatment failure, is observed occasionally, and radiotherapy may work as salvage therapy. The optimal prescription dose, however, is yet to be determined. This study assessed the efficacy of high-dose radiotherapy.

The Impact of Geometrical Spinal Shape on Fresh Vertebral Fractures in Elderly Volunteers: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis.

Study Design: Four-year, longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of original spinal shape on incidental vertebral fractures (VFs) and to identify the influence of changes in pre- and post-fracture geometrical spinal shape.

Summary Of Background Data: Clinical evidence demonstrates that VFs cause spinal kyphosis, morbidities, and deteriorating quality of life in elderly people.

A method for the automated classification of benign and malignant masses on digital breast tomosynthesis images using machine learning and radiomic features.

In digital mammography, which is used for the early detection of breast tumors, oversight may occur due to overlap between normal tissues and lesions. However, since digital breast tomosynthesis can acquire three-dimensional images, tissue overlapping is reduced, and, therefore, the shape and distribution of the lesions can be easily identified. However, it is often difficult to distinguish between benign and malignant breast lesions on images, and the diagnostic accuracy can be reduced due to complications from radiological interpretations, owing to acquisition of a higher number of images.

Dual-hemostat port closure technique with customized surgical suture after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Single-center experience.

Introduction: Dual-hemostat techniques for port closure have previously been reported, but their safety and efficacy have not been evaluated. Here, we describe the dual-hemostat port closure technique employed at our institution, which uses a customized surgical suture for safe and certain port closure, and we assess the incidence rate of trocar-site hernia (TSH) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: From March 1999 to March 2017 at our institution, 316 patients underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by a single experienced surgeon.

[A Case of Right Pyonephrosis Caused by Renal Pelvic Cancer].

A 47-year-old woman who was diagnosed with right pyelonephritis by a local physician, but failed to respond to antimicrobial chemotherapy, was referred to our hospital. Here, the diagnosis of right pyonephrosis was confirmed byabdominal computed tomography(CT). Retrograde pyelography(RP) revealed a severe stricture at the ureteropelvic junction, and it was considered difficult to advance a guidewire through the stricture.

Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Oxygen Pretreatment in Patients With Impaired Renal Function.

Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy is a complication following coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. Because contrast-induced nephropathy is a predictor of long-term mortality in patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, preventive strategies are required. We assessed the effects of periprocedural oxygenation on contrast-induced nephropathy among patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction.

Ischemic or Nonischemic Functional Mitral Regurgitation and Outcomes in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Preserved or Reduced Ejection Fraction.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), preserved or reduced ejection fraction (EF), and ischemic or nonischemic origin with outcomes in patients discharged alive after hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure (HF). Of the 4,842 patients enrolled in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Syndromes (ATTEND) registry, 3,357 patients were evaluated to assess the association of FMR, preserved or reduced EF, and ischemic or nonischemic origin with the primary end point (all-cause death and readmission for HF after discharge). At the time of discharge, FMR was assessed semiquantitatively (classified as none, mild, or moderate to severe) by color Doppler analysis of the regurgitant jet area.

Cancer antigen-125 plasma level as a biomarker of new-onset atrial fibrillation in postmenopausal women.

Objective: Plasma cancer antigen (CA)-125 is a tumour marker recently shown to be associated with systolic heart failure and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) after myocardial infarction. However, no reports have described the relationship between CA-125 and new-onset AF in healthy postmenopausal women. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between CA-125 and new-onset AF in postmenopausal women.

Adherence to medication and characteristics of Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Background: Adherence to medication plays an important role in the prevention of morbidity and mortality in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients. The aim of this study is to assess adherence to medication and risk factors for non-adherence in Japanese NVAF patients who are prescribed anticoagulants.

Methods: A total of 378 outpatients with NVAF who completed self-reported questionnaires were analyzed in this prospective study (mean age 69±12 years; 26% female).

Randomized pilot trial comparing tolvaptan with furosemide on renal and neurohumoral effects in acute heart failure.

Aims: Loop diuretics are first-line medications for congestive heart failure (CHF); however, they are associated with serious adverse effects, including decreased renal function, and sympathetic nervous and renin-angiotensin system activation. We tested whether tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, could reduce unfavourable furosemide-induced effects during CHF treatment.

Methods And Results: Sixty patients emergently hospitalized owing to CHF-induced dyspnea were randomly assigned to receive either 40 mg intravenous furosemide daily or 7.

Sarcopenia predicts survival outcomes among patients with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract undergoing radical nephroureterectomy: a retrospective multi-institution study.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia, a condition of low muscle mass, on the survival among patients who were undergoing radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UCUT).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with UCUT (cT[any]N0M0) who underwent RNU between 2003 and 2013 at our department and its affiliated institutions. Preoperative computed tomography images were used to calculate each patient's skeletal muscle index, an indicator of whole-body muscle mass.

[Possible Diagnosis of Segmental Ureteritis Due to an IgG4-Related Disease that Improved with Steroid Therapy].

A 70-year-old woman was referred to our department after being diagnosed with right hydronephrosis on the basis of computed tomography (CT). CT and magnetic resonance imaging results indicated circumferential wall thickening in the right middle ureter. A retrograde pyelogram revealed an approximately 20 mm stricture in the right middle ureter, and urine cytology results were pseudo-positive.

Initiation of Monthly Minodronate Therapy at an Early Stage After Hip Fracture.

The incidence of second hip fractures occurring within a year of initial fractures is 20%-45%. The high incidence of second hip fractures in this period can be attributed to the rapid bone loss that occurs during this time. Restoring bone mass at an early stage after hip fractures is critical for preventing subsequent fractures.

In vivo validation of gated myocardial SPECT imaging for quantification of small hearts: comparison with cardiac MRI.

Background: In patients with small hearts, the Quantitative Gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (QGS) program frequently underestimates the left ventricular (LV) end-systolic volume (ESV) and overestimates the ejection fraction (EF). A newly developed cardiac software program, cardioREPO/EXINI heart (cREPO), has been proposed to more accurately quantify small hearts using active shape modeling and a volume-dependent edge correction algorithm for LV delineation. The aim of this study was to validate cREPO in vivo for measuring the LV volumes and EF of both small and non-small hearts, in comparison with values obtained via cardiac MRI (CMR).

Beta-Adrenergic Blockade Therapy for Autonomic Dysfunction is Less Effective for Elderly Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.

Objective: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been reported to be an independent predictor of all-cause and sudden cardiac death in patients with heart failure. In the aging heart, however, both autonomic and cardiac functions appear to be altered. We assessed the relationship between aging and responsiveness of HRV and ventricular remodeling to beta-adrenergic blockade therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFREF).