Diagnosis and Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the axial bone and sacroiliac joints. Its etiology is complicated and involves genetic variables, demographic factors (age of onset, gender, ethnicity, family history), and environmental variables. It typically manifests in males in their third decade.

Aortic rupture following acute aortitis in a patient with head and neck carcinoma treated with nivolumab: a rare but severe immune-related adverse event.

Introduction: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) due to immune checkpoint inhibitors may lead to discontinuation and treatment-related death. Acute aortitis is a rare but severe irAE.

Case Presentation: A 67-year-old man with recurrent lower gingival carcinoma received nivolumab therapy.

[INFECTIOUS AORTITIS-RELATED MORTALITY AFTER ILEAL NEOBLADDER SUBSTITUTION IN A PATIENT WITH DIABETES MELLITUS].

A 78-year-old man, who underwent total cystectomy with ileal neobladder substitution for bladder cancer 5 years ago, had a fever since the beginning of May 2022. He was hospitalized in an internal medicine ward of another hospital and was diagnosed with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). Escherichia coli with sensitivity to almost all antibiotics was cultured in urine.

Infectious aortic aneurysms: A case report and review of cases from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

An infectious aortic aneurysm is a rare disease entity. We report a challenging case of a 29-year-old male presenting with chest pain and constitutional symptoms. The patient was found to have three pseudoaneurysms of the aorta on imaging, significant pathological findings of necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis from a supraclavicular lymph node biopsy, and a highly suggestive clinical picture of tuberculous aortitis.

The Meteoritics Trial: efficacy of methotrexate after remission-induction with tocilizumab and glucocorticoids in giant cell arteritis-study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase II study.

Background: Glucocorticoids (GC) are the standard treatment for giant cell arteritis (GCA), even though they are associated with adverse side effects and high relapse rates. Tocilizumab (TCZ), an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, has shown promise in sustaining remission and reducing the cumulative GC dosage, but it increases the risk of infections and is expensive. After discontinuation of TCZ, only about half of patients remain in remission.

Physician-made pericardium stent graft as a potential endovascular alternative for infectious aortic disease - an ex-vivo proof-of-concept study.

Purpose.: The treatment of infectious aortic disease is still challenging with open surgical debridement and reconstruction using biological, preferably autologous material, being the treatment of choice. However, these procedures are associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Associations between atherosclerotic luminal stenosis in the distal internal carotid artery and diffuse wall thickening in its upstream segment.

Objectives: Significant atherosclerotic stenosis or occlusion in the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) may induce diffuse wall thickening (DWT) in the upstream arterial wall. This study aimed to assess the association of atherosclerotic steno-occlusive diseases in the distal ICA with DWT in the upstream ipsilateral ICA.

Methods: Individuals with atherosclerotic stenosis in the distal ICA, detected by carotid MR vessel wall imaging using 3D pre- and post-contrast T1 volume isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition (T1-VISTA) sequence, were enrolled.

Insights into ascending aortic aneurysm: Interactions between biomechanical properties of the aortic wall and tissue biomarkers.

Background: It remains difficult to understand the association between the local mechanical properties of ascending thoracic aorta aneurysm (asTAA), its tissue, and its cellular and molecular changes. The purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship between biomechanical properties, histopathological findings, and tissue biomarkers of asTAA.

Methods: Intraoperative asTAA samples from 30 patients were studied.

Intracranial Aneurysm: A Rare Neurological Finding in Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis can present with various extra-articular manifestations. Vascular complications due to aortic aneurysm or aortitis have been documented. However, an association with intracranial vascular aneurysm is rarely reported.

Vegetation Formation and Aortitis as a Possible Sequela of COVID-19 in a Patient with an Aortic Stent: A Case Report.

Bacteria, especially staphylococcal groups, cause aortic graft infection. Infection stems from synthetic materials that repair aneurysms or artery blockages. Aortic stent infection and vegetation formation are rare, and heterogeneous presentations and ambiguous findings in routine diagnostic modalities render the diagnosis challenging.

Navigating the Challenges of Takayasu Arteritis in a 26-Year-Old Female With Recurrent Chest Pain and a Complex Medical History.

Takayasu arteritis, a rare and complex vasculitis, presents unique diagnostic and management challenges, particularly when encountered in young adults. We present the case of a 26-year-old female with obesity, prediabetes, hepatic steatosis, an adnexal cyst, gastritis, and asthma, who was transferred to our facility due to concerns about aortitis. Her presentation to the referring institution included dysphagia, heartburn that responded to over-the-counter antacids, and recurrent episodes of stabbing chest pain, which had been occurring intermittently since the age of 17.

When Multiple Conditions Converge: An Unusual Case of Infectious Aortitis in a Patient With Prurigo Nodularis and an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Endograft.

Infectious aortitis is a rare disease process that presents with mortality varying from 60% to 90%, even with aggressive treatment. This is a case involving a 69-year-old male who initially presented for acute encephalopathy. The patient's past medical history included coronary disease status post coronary bypass graft, abdominal aortic aneurysm status post endograft repair, prurigo nodularis, Tangier's disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and stage 3b chronic kidney disease.

Aortoduodenal fistula and abdominal aortic aneurysm as a complication of Brucella Aortitis managed with Insitu aortic aneurysm repair: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Brucella aortitis should be one of the differential diagnoses of inflammatory aortic aneurysms. In situ repair of intermittent aortoenteric fitulae and repair of infrarenal aortic aneurysm with synthetic graft can be used in clean scarred fistulae.

Abstract: Arterial aneurysms are very rare complications of Brucella infection.

Pegfilgrastim-Induced Aortitis in a Patient with Small-Cell Lung Cancer Who Received Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy.

Introduction: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), including pegfilgrastim, increases the peripheral blood leukocyte count and is widely used in clinical practice in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy. The most frequent side effects of G-CSF are pain and fever; aortitis, in contrast, is a rare and serious side effect.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old man with small-cell lung cancer was treated with a full dose of a combination of carboplatin/etoposide/durvalumab and pegfilgrastim.

A case of ankylosing spondylitis presenting with fever of unknown origin diagnosed as aortitis: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Clinicians should be aware of rare manifestations of AS, while considering a low threshold for screening vascular involvement in an axial SpA/nrxSpA/AS presenting with unexplained fevers and significant constitutional symptoms and elevated markers.

Abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease from the spondyloarthritis complex, which usually affects young men and primarily involves sacroiliac joints and the spine. It can also present with non-joint involvement, such as cardiovascular manifestations.

[F]FDG PET-MR characterization of aortitis in the IL1rn mouse model of giant-cell arteritis.

Background: Metabolic imaging is routinely used to demonstrate aortitis in patients with giant-cell arteritis. We aimed to investigate the preclinical model of aortitis in BALB/c IL1rn mice using [F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET-MR), gamma counting and immunostaining. We used 15 first-generation specific and opportunistic pathogen-free (SOPF) 9-week-old IL1rn mice, 15 wild-type BALB/cAnN mice and 5 s-generation specific pathogen-free (SPF) 9-week-old IL1rn.