Local administration of immunotherapy for patients with skin cancer: A systematic review.

Since the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 receptors, survival has improved significantly for patients with irresectable and metastatic skin cancer, including cutaneous squamous cell cancer and melanoma. However, systemic administration of these drugs is associated with immune related adverse events (irAEs), which can be severe, irreversible and even fatal. To reduce the risk of irAEs associated with systemic exposure to immunotherapeutic drugs, local administration of low doses could be considered.

Development and validation of an UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of antineoplastic agents and their metabolites in human plasma after unintentional exposure.

Cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, epirubicin, doxorubicin and paclitaxel are commonly used drugs in cancer treatment. However, there are no methods available enabling simultaneous measurement of these compounds and their metabolites in human plasma. Our aim was to develop and validate a sensitive method for simultaneous quantification of multiple antineoplastic drugs and their major metabolites in plasma.

Angiographic and Histopathological Characteristics of a Novel Polyacrylate Liquid Embolic Agent Compared with Ethylene-Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer in a Large Animal Model.

Purpose: To study the in vivo safety and effectiveness of a novel radiopaque nonadhesive polyacrylate (PA) peripheral liquid embolic system (AMBER SEL-P) relative to ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH, Onyx) in a healthy swine endovascular model.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five swine underwent rete mirabile and bilateral kidney embolization with PA or EVOH and were followed up for 24 hours (n = 5) and 30 days (n = 10), and 3 (n = 10) months. Angiographic features (penetrability, radiopacity, catheter entrapment, fragmentation, occlusion, and vasospasm) were evaluated.

Arterial inflammation on [F]FDG PET/CT in melanoma patients treated with and without immune checkpoint inhibitors: CHECK-FLAME I.

Background And Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionized cancer treatment. However, ICIs may increase the immune response to non-tumor cells, possibly resulting in increased arterial inflammation, raising the risk of atherosclerotic events. Nevertheless, malignancies may induce a pro-inflammatory state and the association between ICIs and arterial inflammation remains to be clarified.

Prenatal cell-free DNA testing of women with pregnancy-associated cancer: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Incidentally, the non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) shows chromosomal aberrations suspicious of a maternal malignancy, especially after genome-wide testing. The aim of this study is to determine how many cases of cancer in pregnancy are diagnosed or missed with NIPT and whether in retrospect subtle changes in NIPT results could have detected cancer.

Methods: We identified Dutch patients diagnosed in 2017-2021 with pregnancy-associated cancer from the International Network on Cancer, Infertility and Pregnancy (INCIP) Registry, who underwent NIPT in the Dutch NIPT implementation study (TRIDENT-2).

Advancements in the front-line treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Both the CheckMate-901 (gemcitabine-cisplatin plus nivolumab) trial and the EV-302 (enfortumab-vedotin plus pembrolizumab; EV+P) trial have shown a significant improvement in OS over standard (cis)platinum-based chemotherapy. The effect size, as well as the broader eligibility criteria for EV+P position this regimen as a compelling preferred candidate for the new standard of care in front-line mUC treatment.

Additive genotoxic effects in cord blood cells upon indirect exposure to chemotherapeutic compounds crossing an in vitro placental barrier.

Prenatal exposure to toxins can adversely affect long-term health outcomes of the offspring. Though chemotherapeutics are now standard of care for treating cancer patients during pregnancy, certain compounds are known to cross the placenta and harm placental tissue. The consequences for the fetus are largely unexplored.

Recurrent cervical cancer detection using DNA methylation markers in self-collected samples from home.

Early detection of recurrent cervical cancer is important to improve survival rates. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical performance of DNA methylation markers and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervicovaginal self-samples and urine for the detection of recurrent cervical cancer. Cervical cancer patients without recurrence (n = 47) collected cervicovaginal self-samples and urine pre- and posttreatment.

Blood biomarkers for cardiac damage during and after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer: A prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the levels of High Sensitive Troponin T (HS-TNT) and N-terminal Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-ProBNP) increase after radiation therapy in a dose dependent way and are predictive for clinical cardiac events.

Materials And Methods: Blood samples during and after radiotherapy of 87 esophageal cancer patients were analysed regarding the course of HS-TNT and NT-ProBNP levels and their relationship with clinical toxicity endpoints and radiation dose volume parameters.

Results: HS-TNT values at the end of treatment correlated with the mean heart dose (p = 0.

Patients' preferences, experiences and expectations with wait time until surgery in gynaecological oncology: a mixed-methods study in two gynaecological oncological centres in the Netherlands.

Objectives: Patient-centredness of care during wait time before surgery can be improved. In this study we aimed to assess (1) patients' experiences with and preferences regarding wait time before surgery; (2) the impact of wait time on quality of life (QoL) and (3) which factors influence patients' wait time experience.

Design, Setting, Participants: We performed an exploratory sequential mixed-methods study among women with gynaecological cancer in two tertiary hospitals.

Molecular analysis for ovarian cancer detection in patient-friendly samples.

Background: High ovarian cancer mortality rates motivate the development of effective and patient-friendly diagnostics. Here, we explored the potential of molecular testing in patient-friendly samples for ovarian cancer detection.

Methods: Home-collected urine, cervicovaginal self-samples, and clinician-taken cervical scrapes were prospectively collected from 54 patients diagnosed with a highly suspicious ovarian mass (benign n = 25, malignant n = 29).

An open-label, single-arm, prospective, multi-center, tandem two-stage designed phase II study to evaluate the efficacy of fulvestrant in women with recurrent/metastatic estrogen receptor-positive gynecological malignancies (FUCHSia study).

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate fulvestrant efficacy in women with estrogen receptor-positive low-grade gynecological cancers. The primary objective was to determine the response rate. Secondary objectives were progression-free survival, clinical benefit, duration of response, safety, tolerability, and quality of life.

Comprehensive Recommendations for the Clinical Management of Pregnant Women With Noninvasive Prenatal Test Results Suspicious of a Maternal Malignancy.

In this article, we defined comprehensive recommendations for the clinical follow-up of pregnant women with a malignancy-suspicious NIPT result, on the basis of the vast experience with population-based NIPT screening programs in two European countries complemented with published large data sets. These recommendations provide a tool for classifying NIPT results as malignancy-suspicious, and guide health care professionals in structured clinical decision making for the diagnostic process of pregnant women who receive such a malignancy-suspicious NIPT result.

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte and Other Cell Therapies for Metastatic Melanoma.

Major progress in prolonging survival of patients with advanced melanoma has been made in the past decade because of the development and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor and targeted therapies. However, for nonresponding or relapsing patients, their prognosis is still dismal. Based on clinical trial data, treatment with adoptive cell therapies holds great promise.

Trends and Variation in the Use of Radiotherapy in Non-metastatic Rectal Cancer: a 14-year Nationwide Overview from the Netherlands.

Aims: This study describes nationwide primary radiotherapy utilisation trends for non-metastasised rectal cancer in the Netherlands between 2008 and 2021. In 2014, both colorectal cancer screening and a new guideline specifying prognostic risk groups for neoadjuvant treatment were implemented.

Materials And Methods: Patients with non-metastasised rectal cancer in 2008-2021 (n = 37 510) were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and classified into prognostic risk groups.

Results of an international survey on the current organization of care for pregnant women with cancer.

The global incidence of cancer is increasing, including its incidence in women of reproductive age. Still, physicians encounter this situation rarely, which could lead to substandard care. This research sought to explore opportunities to improve future care for pregnant women with cancer, by describing the outcomes of a survey distributed to physicians all over the world focusing on clinical experience with pregnant women with cancer, the organization of care and current gaps in knowledge.

Managing cancer and living meaningfully (CALM): Implementation in Dutch cancer care.

Objective: Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) is a brief, evidence-based psychotherapy tailored for patients with advanced cancer that has not yet been implemented routinely in Dutch cancer care. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, sustainability and effectiveness of CALM in different clinical settings in the Netherlands.

Methods: In 2019 and 2020 a multi-center, intervention-only study was performed in three Dutch cancer care settings.

Molecular imaging predicts lack of T-DM1 response in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer (final results of ZEPHIR trial).

Efficacy of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-targeting trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in breast cancer (BC) relies on HER2 status determined by immunohistochemistry or fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Heterogeneity in HER2 expression, however, generates interest in "whole-body" assessment of HER2 status using molecular imaging. We evaluated the role of HER2-targeted molecular imaging in detecting HER2-positive BC lesions and patients unlikely to respond to T-DM1.

Healthcare outcomes assessed with observational study designs compared with those assessed in randomized trials: a meta-epidemiological study.

Background: Researchers and decision-makers often use evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the efficacy or effectiveness of a treatment or intervention. Studies with observational designs are often used to measure the effectiveness of an intervention in 'real world' scenarios. Numerous study designs and their modifications (including both randomised and observational designs) are used for comparative effectiveness research in an attempt to give an unbiased estimate of whether one treatment is more effective or safer than another for a particular population.

Determinants of Physical Activity among Patients with Colorectal Cancer: From Diagnosis to 5 Years after Diagnosis.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is associated with higher quality of life and probably better prognosis among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This study focuses on determinants of PA among CRC patients from diagnosis until 5 yr postdiagnosis.

Methods: Sociodemographic and disease-related factors of participants of two large CRC cohort studies were combined.

Severe Immune-Related Enteritis after In Utero Exposure to Pembrolizumab.

Immune checkpoint blockade has become standard treatment for many types of cancer. Such therapy is indicated most often in patients with advanced or metastatic disease but has been increasingly used as adjuvant therapy in those with early-stage disease. Adverse events include immune-related organ inflammation resembling autoimmune diseases.