The PPARγ Agonist Rosiglitazone Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Purpose: As radiation therapy is widely used for the management of pancreatic cancer, identifying novel targets to improve the radiosensitivity of cancer cells is beneficial. Rosiglitazone, a specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, has an inhibitory effect on various types of cancer cells. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on the radiosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells and the potential mechanism.

Comparative risk of serious and fatal treatment-related adverse events caused by 19 immune checkpoint inhibitors used in cancer treatment: a network meta-analysis.

Background: This network meta-analysis assessed the comparative risk of grade 3-5 and grade 5 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), either alone or in combination with other modalities, for cancer treatment.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and recent predominant oncology congresses were searched for relevant phase II and phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs). As outcomes, grade 3-5, and grade 5 TRAE outcomes were reported as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Comprehensive Analysis of Competing Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Network Based on RNAs Differentially Expressed in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Database.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore a comprehensive analysis of the competing endogenous (ceRNA) network of lung adenocarcinoma and predict its regulatory mechanism and prognosis correlation based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. MATERIAL AND METHODS The genes expression data from 535 lung adenocarcinoma cases and 59 normal tissue cases were acquired and downloaded from TCGA database, and differentially expressed messenger RNA (mRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) were selected primarily by "edgeR" package in R software, which further constructs lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network. We then proceed to carry out Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the mRNAs involved in the ceRNA network.

A correlational meta-analytical study of transforming growth factor-β genetic polymorphisms as a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Several studies have examined the association between transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) genetic polymorphisms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk, but the results remained inconclusive and controversial.

Aims: We aimed to examine the correlation between TGF-β genetic polymorphisms and COPD risk through a comprehensive meta-analysis. Additionally, changes in circulating TGF-β concentrations across genotypes of TGF-β genetic polymorphisms were analyzed.

Metabolomic Analysis of Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Rats: The Potential Radioprotective Role of Taurine.

Radiation-induced lung injury is a major dose-limiting toxicity that occurs due to thoracic radiotherapy. Metabolomics is a powerful quantitative measurement of low-molecular-weight metabolites in response to environmental disturbances. However, the metabolomic profiles of radiation-induced lung injury have not been reported yet.

Elective nodal irradiation versus involved-field irradiation in patients with esophageal cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a network meta-analysis.

Background: To assess the comparative efficacy and safety of elective nodal irradiation (ENI) and involved-field irradiation (IFI) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery (nCRTS).

Material And Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and major meetings were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared at least two of the following treatment regimens: nCRTS, neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery (nCTS), and surgery (S) alone. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcomes of interest, reported as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

First-line treatments in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A network meta-analysis.

Background: It remains unknown which is the optimal first-line treatment regimen for patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We performed a network meta-analysis to address this important issue.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and major international scientific meetings were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

First-line immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK): a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: To assess the comparative efficacy and safety of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and major international scientific meetings were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the primary outcomes and serious adverse events (SAEs) were the secondary outcome of interests and were reported as hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

The role of postoperative radiotherapy for completely resected pIIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients with different clinicopathological features: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

: The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in completely resected pathological stage IIIA-N2 (pIIIA-N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of PORT in patients with pIIIA-N2 NSCLC on the basis of clinicopathological features. : The PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies.

Real-world EGFR testing in patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer in North China: A multicenter, non-interventional study.

Background: Before tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy can be administered in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), EGFR mutation testing is required. However, few studies have evaluated the extent of EGFR testing in real-world practice in China.

Methods: A multicenter, observational study of EGFR testing in NSCLC patients in North China was conducted.

Efficacy of Thalidomide in Preventing Delayed Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Trial (CLOG1302 study).

Purpose We examined the efficacy and safety of thalidomide (THD) for the prevention of delayed nausea and vomiting in patients who received highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Patients and Methods In a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, phase III trial, chemotherapy-naive patients with cancer who were scheduled to receive HEC that contained cisplatin or cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin/epirubincin ≥ 50 mg/m regimens were randomly assigned to a THD group (100 mg twice daily on days 1 to 5) or placebo group, both with palonosetron (0.25 mg on day 1) and dexamethasone (12 mg on day 1; 8 mg on days 2 to 4).