Recovery and characterization of cellulose microfibers from fallen leaves and evaluation of their potential as reinforcement agents for production of new biodegradable packaging materials.

In the present work, cellulose microfibers (CMFs) isolated from fallen autumn leaves of cherry plum (), white mulberry ( and plane () trees were characterized and used as reinforcement agents in sodium alginate-based biodegradable films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) characterization showed that the CMFs were successfully isolated from the leaves with high purity. The extracted CMFs had a particle size ranging from 321.

Valorization of various nut residues grown in Turkiye: Antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic activities.

The utilization of plant-based residues has been extensively employed for the control of diverse illnesses, owing to their safety and minimal adverse effects. In the current study, it was aimed for the characterization of the bioactive, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxic activities of fresh pistachio shell skin (FPSS), green walnut husk and walnut membrane (GWH), almond outer shell and inner brown skin (ASIS), as well as peanut husk and inner skin (PHIS) to be used as industrial food processing by-products. The results showed that the samples exhibited different extraction yields, with GWH having the highest percentage at 15.

Promoting longevity in aged liver through NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition using tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and SCD probiotics.

This investigation explores the combined influence of SCD Probiotics and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) on liver health in elderly male Sprague-Dawley rats. Through the administration of intravenous TUDCA (300 mg/kg) and oral SCD Probiotics (3 mL at 1 × 10^8 CFU) daily for one week, this study evaluates the biomolecular composition, histopathological alterations, and inflammasome activity in the liver. Analytical methods encompassed ATR-FTIR spectroscopy integrated with machine learning for the assessment of biomolecular structures, RT-qPCR for quantifying inflammasome markers (NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL18, IL1β), and histological examinations to assess liver pathology.

Silibinin as a promising treatment for diabetes: Insights into behavioral and metabolic changes in an animal model.

Diabetes mellitus is causing serious health problems in the chronic period. Silibinin is a flavonoid obtained from the milk thistle (), which is among the herbal ethnopharmacological administrations. In studies with silibinin, it has been reported that it increases the activity of pancreatic beta cells and insulin sensitivity and has a hyperglycemia-reducing effect.

The rejuvenating influence of young plasma on aged intestine.

This study aims to investigate the effects of plasma exchange on the biomolecular profiles and histology of ileum and colon tissues in young and aged Sprague-Dawley male rats. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, linear discriminant analysis and support vector machine (SVM) techniques were employed to analyse the lipid, protein, and nucleic acid indices in young and aged rats. Following the application of young plasma, aged rats demonstrated biomolecular profiles similar to those of their younger counterparts.

Infrared spectrochemical findings on intermittent fasting-associated gross molecular modifications in rat myocardium.

Cardiovascular diseases are among the primary life-threatening conditions affecting human society. Intermittent fasting is shown to be functional in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, however, the information on fasting-associated modifications in myocardial biomolecules is limited. This study aimed to determine the impact of 18-h intermittent fasting administered for five weeks on 12 months-old rats using supervised linear discriminant analysis and support vector machine algorithms constructed on spectrochemical data obtained from myocardial tissues.