Mortality risk factors among critically ill children with MIS-C in PICUs: a multicenter study.

Background: This study evaluated of clinical characteristics, outcomes, and mortality risk factors of a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children admitted to a the pediatric intensive care unit.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021 at 41 PICUs in Turkey. The study population comprised 322 children diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Characteristics of Patients Who Underwent a Diagnostic Test for Hereditary Angioedema Admitted Due to Angioedema.

Objective: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is clinically characterized by recurrent attacks of angioedema. This study evaluated the clinical findings and examination results of patients admitted due to angioedema who then underwent a diagnostic test for HAE. The study aimed to assess the contribution of laboratory findings to the diagnostic process and to determine clinicians' level of awareness regarding the differential diagnosis of angioedema and the appropriate laboratory tests.

Evaluation of Frequency and Characteristics of Drug Allergy in Pediatric Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Previous studies reported that the prevalence of drug allergy is higher in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) than in the general population. It is important to exclude or confirm the drug allergy diagnosis with detailed allergic evaluation for preventing drug allergy overdiagnosis. Our study aims to determine the actual frequency of drug allergy proven by diagnostic tests in children with CF and to compare it with the control group.

Role of Biological Agents in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the role of biological agents in the treatment of severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and to assess the current application, outcomes, and adverse effects in patients who are followed up in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Patients And Methods: This observational, descriptive, medical records review study was performed on patients with MIS-C admitted to the PICU between September 1 and November 1, 2020. Through medical records review, we confirmed that patients were positive for current or recent SARS-CoV-2 infection or for COVID-19 exposure history within the 4 weeks before the onset of symptoms.

Hypomyelination and Congenital Cataract: Three Siblings Presentation.

Hypomyelination and congenital cataract (HCC) is a condition, which is caused by mutations in the gene and is characterized by congenital cataract, progressive neurologic impairment, and myelin deficiency in both the central and peripheral nervous system. We present the findings of three siblings who applied to us with the same clinical features. These patients were referred to our clinic due to the presence of bilateral congenital cataract and progressive neurological impairment with peripheral neuropathy.

Risk factors for recurrence after drug withdrawal in childhood epilepsy.

Background: Several studies have been conducted to determine the risk of recurrence after withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in recent years. There is no consensus concerning the circumstances affecting discontinuation of AEDs. This study was designed to determine the recurrence rate of epilepsy after withdrawal of AEDs and the risk factors related with recurrence.

Clinical phenotype, biochemical profile, and treatment in 19 patients with arginase 1 deficiency.

Background: Arginase 1 (ARG1) deficiency is a rare urea cycle disorder (UCD). This hypothesis-generating study explored clinical phenotypes, metabolic profiles, molecular genetics, and treatment approaches in a cohort of children and adults with ARG1 deficiency to add to our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology.

Methods: Clinical data were retrieved retrospectively from physicians using a questionnaire survey.

Outcomes of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection Followed by Rehabilitation in Cases of Cerebral Palsy With Upper Extremity Involvement.

We evaluated the efficiency of botulinum toxin type A injection followed by a rehabilitation program including individual therapy, group therapy, and occupational therapy in cases of cerebral palsy with upper extremity involvement. A total of 29 injections were performed on 25 patients, and the patients were placed on rehabilitation program. At 3-month and 6-month assessments, there was a significant improvement in lateral grip strength, 9 Hole Peg test, Upper Limb Physician's Rating Scale and pediatric functional independence measure total scores.

Hepcidin and erythropoietin measurements in the cord blood of neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid.

Aim: To compare hepcidin and erythropoietin levels in the cord blood of neonates with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) to levels obtained from age-, body mass index- and gravidity-matched neonates with clear amniotic fluid.

Methods: A cross-sectional controlled study was conducted in secondary and tertiary care centers. Cord blood samples of 40 neonates following term gestations (≥37 weeks' gestation) with MSAF and 40 maternal age-, body mass index- and gravidity-matched controls with clear amniotic fluid were analyzed in this study.

Propylthiouracil-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is usually the first choice for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, but it has serious side effects such as hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, splenomegaly and lupus-like syndrome, in addition to mild and common side effects like granulocytopenia, pruritus, urticaria and maculopapular or papular eruption. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive vasculitis is another serious side effect. A 14-year-old female receiving PTU treatment for hyperthyroidism was referred to our clinic with fever, cough and dyspnea.

Eventration of the diaphragm.

Objective: Eventration of the diaphragm (ED) is defined as the abnormal elevation of the diaphragm. Although asymptomatic ED may be amenable to conservative treatment, symptomatic ED in children, either congenital or acquired, may require surgical treatment. This study evaluated the results of diaphragmatic plication in children with unilateral ED.

Asymptomatic pons tuberculoma in an infant with miliary tuberculosis.

Miliary tuberculosis is caused by the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and consists of 1.5% of all tuberculosis cases. It is seen mostly in infants because of the immature immune system, and central nervous system (CNS) involvement is not rare.

Asymptomatic pons tuberculoma in an infant with miliary tuberculosis.

Miliary tuberculosis is caused by the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and consists of 1.5% of all tuberculosis cases. It is seen mostly in infants because of the immature immune system, and central nervous system CNS involvement is not rare.

Clinical features of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children.

Objective: To review the clinical features of the extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in children.

Methods: Sixty-four children with extrapulmonary TB followed in Ankara Social Security Children's Hospital between June 1995 and May 2003 were reviewed.

Results: The mean age was 7.

Transverse testicular ectopia associated with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome. A case report.

Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) associated with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare genitourinary anomaly. The clinical and operative findings and treatment are discussed. It is very important to perform a careful exploration in TTE when the testes are undescended, in order to exclude the presence of PMDS.

Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus in children with chronic hepatitis B.

Aim: To determine the possible routes of intrafamilial transmission pattern in pediatric cases of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: In this descriptive retrospective study, 302 children with chronic HBV infection from 251 families and their parents attending the Social Security Children's Hospital and Doctor Sami Ulus Children's Hopsital in Ankara between December 1998 and May 2000, were enrolled in. Screenings and diagnosis of chronic HBV infections were established according to the Consensus 2000.

Height improvement by L-thyroxine treatment in subclinical hypothyroidism.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism(SH) is most commonly an early stage of hypothyroidism. Although the condition may resolve or remain unchanged, within a few years in some patients overt hypothyroidism develops, with low free T4 levels as well as a raised thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Patients with SH may have subtle hypothyroid symptoms with mild abnormalities of serum lipoproteins and cardiac functions.

Prolactin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with infantile spasms.

Infantile spasms are an age-related epileptic syndrome of infancy and are characterized by the combination of clusters of epileptic spasms and specific electroencephalographic findings. The etiology and the pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. Prolactin has been thought to be specifically related to epileptic seizures.

Preeclampsia disrupts the normal physiology of leptin.

This study was designed to examine the leptin levels of preeclamptic women and their offspring, to compare them with those of normal pregnant women and to search for a correlation between maternal and fetal plasma leptin levels and their anthropometric characteristics. Twenty-one preeclamptic women and their babies were enrolled into the study. Control group consisted of 21 normal pregnant women and their babies, whose birth weights, gestational ages, and genders match with those of babies born to preeclamptic women.

Immunological status of thalassemia syndrome.

A major cause of morbidity and mortality in thalassemic patients is infections, assumed to be the result of immunological changes. In this study immune functions of peripheral blood lymphocytes have been studied in 38 beta-thalassemia major, 12 beta-thalassemia trait, and 17 healthy children. Results show decrease in CD4+/CD8+ ratios in the beta-thalassemia major group and no difference according to absolute T-lymphocyte numbers and activated T-cell numbers.

The role of Clostridium difficile in childhood nosocomial diarrhea.

The role of Clostridium difficile was investigated in 100 children with nosocomial diarrhea. An etiologic agent was identified in 69 cases, 8 of whom had dual infection. C.

Hydatid disease of the liver in childhood: the success of medical therapy and surgical alternatives.

Hydatid liver disease in children is a serious problem where the parasite is endemic. Although surgery is considered the treatment of choice, medical therapy is an alternative, but its curative efficacy is controversial. The aims of this study were to evaluate the curative efficacy of medical treatment and compare the results of surgical techniques with respect to postoperative complications in 102 consecutive children (64 male and 38 female, aged 4 to 15 years, mean 8.

Hypospadias in a patient with Kabuki make-up (Niikawa-Kuroki) syndrome.

A patient showing the typical facies and other signs of Kabuki make-up syndrome (KMS) was also found to have hypospadias, a finding previously reported only once in a patient with KMS.

Internal inguinal hernia in a 20-month-old boy.

The authors report on a 20-month-old boy with internal inguinal hernia. The patient was reoperated for clinical signs of intestinal obstruction after an incarcerated inguinal hernia repair. The diagnosis of internal inguinal hernia was proven by surgical exploration.