A rare EGFR exon 19 insertion mutation in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a favorable response to afatinib.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations like the common L858R and exon 19 deletions are well studied, but rarer mutations like exon 19 insertions have received less attention. This case report describes a patient with this uncommon EGFR exon 19 insertion mutation in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. A 51-year-old male nonsmoker with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and a rare EGFR exon 19 insertion mutation experienced disease progression on initial carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy.

Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome, a Rare Cause of Acro-Osteolysis and Osteoporosis With Zoledronic Acid Experience.

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (HCS), caused by a heterozygous gain of function variant of the NOTCH2 gene, is a rare skeletal dysplasia. Although the main presentation is acro-osteolysis, osteoporosis, and facial dysmorphism, having a wide range of clinical manifestations creates diagnostic difficulties. Here, a 15-year-old male patient with HCS who had no complaints until this age except for two short bone fractures and one vertebral collapse fracture due to a fall was reported.

Thalamo-insular cortex connections in the rat and human.

The insular cortex (ICx) has a role in large a variety of functions. Thalamus plays an important role in modulating cortical functions. The present study aims to show thalamic-ICx connections using the fluoro-gold (FG) tracing method in rats and diffusion tensoring-based tractography (DTI) in humans.

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in a patient initiating corticosteroid therapy for hypereosinophilia: A case report.

Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) is a soil-transmitted nematode that is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions. S.

[Clinical Impact of Current Variants in COVID-19 Patients: Clinical Characteristics in Variant EG.5].

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has mutated at a high rate since the beginning of the pandemic, leading to the formation of different variants. Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron have emerged as concerning variants identified by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Omicron variant and its sublineages became dominant worldwide in 2022.

Publication Rates of Oculoplastic Surgery and Orbit Abstracts Presented at Turkish Ophthalmological Association National Congresses: 10-Year Analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the publication rates of abstracts related to oculoplastic surgery and orbital diseases presented at the Turkish Ophthalmological Association National Congresses (TOA-NCs) in 2013-2022.

Materials And Methods: The study included abstracts in the field of oculoplastic surgery and orbital diseases accepted for presentation at TOA-NCs between 2013 and 2022. These abstracts were reviewed in terms of presentation type (oral, poster), number of authors, study setting (university, training and research, private, public, or abroad hospital), study type (case, clinical, or basic science), study topic (eyelid, lacrimal system, orbit, or thyroid eye disease), journal publication status, time to publication (months), publishing journal (national, international), and journal impact factor.

The Evaluation of Ocular Posterior Segment Findings in 5527 Term Infants Using Smartphone-Based Fundus Imaging.

To evaluate the two-year fundus examination outcomes of term infants undergoing eye screening. Retrospective review of our data of term infants at a tertiary care center (Ankara Bilkent City Hospital) from October 2021 to October 2023. All screened infants underwent red reflex test and dilated posterior segment examination.

The impact of "nurse-led education" vs. "nurse-led education plus peer support" on patients' decision for peritoneal dialysis treatment in chronic kidney disease patients.

Introduction: End-stage kidney disease patients face a critical decision regarding kidney replacement therapy options, which include kidney transplantation, hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aims to evaluate the impact of nurse-led education (NE) alone vs. NE combined with peer support on the patients' decision over PD treatment in chronic kidney disease patients.

Activity of CDK4/6 inhibitors and parameters affecting survival in elderly patients in age-subgroups: Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) retrospective study.

Highly selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6is) have emerged as a standart of care for first- and second-line therapies in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) for HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. It has been reported that combination therapy is more effective than ET alone and is safe in elderly patients as well as young patients. Nevertheless, elderly and very old patients with HR+/HER2-MBC treated with CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) combinations are relatively underrepresented in randomized controlled trials.

Role of Hypoxia Induced by Medicinal Plants; A Revolutionary Era of Cellular and Molecular Herbal Medicine in Neuroblastoma Treatment.

As one of the most common solid pediatric cancers, Neuroblastoma (NBL) accounts for 15% of all of the cancer-related mortalities in infants with increasing incidence all around the world. Despite current therapeutic approaches for NBL (radiotherapies, surgeries, and chemotherapies), these approaches could not be beneficial for all of patients with NBL due to their low effectiveness, and some severe side effects. These challenges lead basic medical scientists and clinical specialists toward an optimal medical interventions for clinical management of NBL.

A young adult patient with Philadelphia positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting with extreme hyperleukocytosis.

Extreme hyperleukocytosis (Leukocyte count >200 × 10/L) in an adolescent young adult (AYA) patient with B-ALL could result in mild symptoms of leukostasis. Hyperleukocytosis requires prompt initiation of therapy with adequate hydration, cytoreduction and prevention of tumor lysis. Ph + B-ALL may present with extreme hyperleukocytosis and may be resistant to initial pre-phase therapy.

Hematological diseases and the heart.

The heart, as the main part of the circulatory system, is one of the organs frequently affected by hematological diseases. Cardiac problems may develop during the course and treatment of benign and malignant hematological diseases. This review study was conducted based on recent information from the literature and manifestations of cardiac involvement in hematology were summarized.

Comparative Analysis of Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and PET/CT in Metastasis Detection: A Prospective Study.

Introduction Tumor staging is essential for determining treatment strategies and predicting prognosis in cancer patients. Accurate imaging techniques are critical for staging, metastasis screening, treatment response assessment, and recurrence detection. Objective In this prospective study, we aimed to compare the sensitivity of whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in detecting metastases.

Coexisting growing teratoma syndrome and gliomatosis peritonei following ovarian immature teratoma: a case report and literature review.

Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is characterized by a reduction in serum tumor markers despite the growth of a benign mature teratomatous mass following chemotherapy for germ cell tumors. Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) typically accompanies ovarian teratomas, marked by the dissemination of mature glial tissue across the peritoneum. The concurrent presence of GTS and GP after treatment for ovarian immature teratoma (IMT) is notably rare, with approximately 20 reported cases.

Evaluation of the efficacy of transfer energy capacitive and resistive therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background/aim: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of conventional physical therapy (CPT) methods for knee osteoarthritis (OA) and transfer energy capacitive and resistive (TECAR) therapy, a relatively new and increasingly used treatment modality, based on patient clinical outcomes assessments.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of 54 patients, aged 40 to 75, were randomly assigned. CPT was given to both groups.

Assessment of dyslipidemia management in Turkey using a Delphi panel.

This study evaluated the management of dyslipidemia in Turkey with the goal of understanding current diagnosis and treatment patterns, as well as identifying unmet needs in achieving effective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets. Using a Delphi panel consisting of nine expert cardiologists, the study reveals key gaps in dyslipidemia management, particularly in the underutilization of combination therapies, such as statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, which are crucial for achieving LDL-C targets in high-risk patients. The findings indicate that while many patients with very high cardiovascular risk are diagnosed, a significant proportion do not receive optimal treatment to reach LDL-C levels recommended by European guidelines.

Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of urothelial carcinoma variant histologies and non-urothelial bladder cancers.

Purpose: Most bladder cancers are pure urothelial carcinomas, but a small portion, approximately 5-10%, have variant histology or are non-urothelial in nature. This research sought to examine the features of and treatment strategies for different types of urothelial carcinoma with variant histologies and non-urothelial bladder cancer.

Methods: The study cohort comprised individuals with non-urothelial and variant urothelial bladder cancers treated at two medical centres in Ankara, Turkey, between 2005 and 2024.

An Analysis of Operated Mediastinal Cysts and Masses.

Aim: This study had two aims: to analyze surgical patients with mediastinal cysts and masses according to clinical, histopathological, and surgical types; and compare the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on these cases.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 132 patients who had undergone surgical intervention for mediastinal cysts and masses. Demographic, clinical, and histopathologic data were recorded.

The role of ruxolitinib in the management of acute GVHD.

Background And Objectives: Following an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT), a primary cause of morbidity and mortality is still steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-aGVHD). Recently, ruxolitinib, an oral inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, was approved for use in individuals suffering from SR-aGVHD. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and toxicity of ruxolitinib in the real world.

Clinical Characteristics and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in the Patients with the Diagnosis of Resistance to Thyroid Hormone Beta.

Objective: Resistance to thyroid hormone beta (RTHβ) is a rare disorder characterized by a fairly heterogeneous clinical presentation due to varying degrees of tissue response to thyroid hormone. The study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory features and genotype-phenotype relationship of Turkish patients with RTHβ.

Methods: Patients who underwent a THRB gene analysis between September 2019 and September 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.

Comparison of Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins, and Sampson formulae with direct LDL measurement in hyperlipidaemic and normolipidaemic adults in a Turkish population.

Methods: The study was a retrospective investigation by the Department of Medical Biochemistry of the Ankara Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022. Our study evaluated the results of 6297 patients aged 18-95 years who underwent cholesterol panel TC, TG, HDL-C, and direct LDL-C in our laboratory. The estimated LDL-C was calculated according to Friedewald, Martin/Hopkins, and Sampson formulae.