Munich cCT Rule for Patients with Recreational Drug and Ethanol Poisoning.

Patients with recreational drug and ethanol poisoning often present with reduced consciousness, coma, or disorientation. It is often unclear if there was recent head trauma. Algorithms to perform cranial computed tomography (cCT) like the Canadian CT Head Rule (CCHR), the National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study Head CT Decision Instrument (NEXUS DI), or the New Orleans Criteria (NOC) exist for patients with head trauma.

Pupil sparing oculomotor nerve palsy with concomitant Horner syndrome as a presentation of mantle cell lymphoma relapse.

A woman in her 70s, with a background of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), presented with headache and diplopia. Neuro-ophthalmic examination revealed a combination of Horner syndrome and ipsilateral pupil sparing oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP). Cerebrospinal fluid immunophenotyping demonstrated CD5 positive clonal B lymphocytes, consistent with neurological involvement by MCL.

Herniation secondary to critical cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia after supratentorial craniotomy: a single-center case series.

Background: Critical cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia (CCSFH) is a rare postcraniotomy condition in patients with acute supratentorial brain injury, often mistaken for intracranial hypertension. This article aims to enhance awareness of CCSFH by describing its clinical and radiological characteristics.

Methods: Between January 2019 and November 2023, 330 consecutive patients with acute critical brain injury underwent supratentorial craniotomy.

Isolated cisternal third cranial nerve schwannoma: an insight into a clinico-radiological features.

A young adult female in her 20s presented with gradually progressive exodeviation of the left eyeball from the last 3 years. She had mild ptosis and proptosis in her left eye with 3 mm of anisocoria. On examination, she was found to have 60 prism dioptres exotropia with minimal motility limitation (-1 adduction, elevation and depression) in the left eye.

Neonatal Presentation of Severe Hemophilia A: An Original Case Report and a Literature Review.

: We report the case of a neonate diagnosed with severe hemophilia A (HA) and conduct a literature review of cases of severe HA presenting at the neonatal age to help define the clinical diagnostic findings and existing differences between the sporadic and familial onset of this condition. : A 6-day-old newborn presented with worsening pallor, inappetence, and hyporeactivity for 48 h. The diagnosis was severe hemophilia A (HA), leading to an unfavorable outcome.

Isolated reversible mydriasis was associated with the use of nebulized ipratropium bromide: a case series using quantitative pupilometer in Korea.

Background: Abnormal pupillary reactivity is a neurological emergency requiring prompt evaluation to identify its underlying causes. Although isolated unilateral mydriasis without accompanying neurological abnormalities is rare, it has occasionally been associated with nebulizer use. We aimed to quantitatively assess pupillary changes using a pupillometer in cases of isolated mydriasis, which has not been described in previous studies.

A Rare Case of Mydriasis as an Immediate Complication After Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate.

This study aims to report a rare complication, anisocoria (mydriasis), in a patient with cleft lip and palate in the immediate postoperative period after orthognathic surgery and discuss the literature surrounding this event. Mydriasis after orthognathic surgery may be related to the separation of the pterygoid plate from the sphenoid bone, which can injure the cranial nerves. Therefore, knowledge of possible anatomical variations of the posterior region of the maxilla becomes extremely important to minimize complications in cleft patients.

Spontaneous ependymoma in a free-ranging juvenile black-horned capuchin (Sapajus nigritus).

A young free-ranging black-horned capuchin (Sapajus nigritus) with a history of ataxia, anisocoria, diminished threat and pupil reflexes and increased cranial circumference was referred for evaluation to the Medicine and Wildlife Conservation Section, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil. Due to the clinical presentation and radiographic findings of hydrocephalus, euthanasia was performed. Necropsy revealed a dark red mass (1.

Differentiation of Horner Syndrome and Physiological Anisocoria by Automated Pupillometry.

Background: The differentiation of Horner syndrome from physiological anisocoria is important yet clinically challenging. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of pupillometry to discriminate Horner syndrome from physiological anisocoria compared to pharmacological testing with the alpha-2-agonist apraclonidine, which is considered the current gold standard.

Methods: Forty-four adult patients, mostly referred to our neuro-ophthalmology service for evaluation of anisocoria, were included.

Insight Into Uncommon Territory: Exploring Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia in Artery of Percheron Infarct.

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), a neurological disorder is characterized by horizontal gaze palsy because of a lesion in the medial longitudinal fasciculus, a neural pathway that is mainly responsible for coordinating the movements of the eye. INO presents with diplopia and impaired adduction of the affected eye, accompanied by abducting eye nystagmus. The condition also arises from different etiologies which include multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, Lyme disease, HIV, and herpes zoster.

Case report: Evaluation of head trauma in a tawny owl () with advanced imaging diagnostic, FVEP and BAER test.

An adult pet tawny owl () presented to a veterinary hospital at Parma University with a history of head trauma. After a critical care protocol including thermal, oxygen and fluid support aimed at stabilizing the patient, a neurological examination was performed. During neurological evaluation, marked lethargy and an inability to rise from a recumbent position was noted.

Occlusal effects on text reading: an eye-tracker study.

Introduction: Asymmetric electromyographic (EMG) activity during teeth clenching has been linked to cognitive impairment, as evaluated by the Spinnler-Tognoni matrices test, and to asymmetric pupil size (anisocoria). Anisocoria indicates an asymmetric Locus Coeruleus activity, leading to an asymmetric hemispheric excitability worsening cognitive performance. Bite splint wearing corrects EMG asymmetry, reduces anisocoria and improves cognitive performance.

Mydriasis associated with ischemic cerebrovascular infarct affecting the ipsilateral cerebellar interposital nucleus in 2 dogs.

A 10-year-old male neutered crossbreed dog and an 8-year-old female neutered greyhound presented after peracute onset of cerebellar dysfunction. The crossbreed dog had anisocoria with the left pupil being mydriatic, spontaneous conjugate rotatory nystagmus with fast phase to the left and delayed postural reactions on the left side. The greyhound had anisocoria with the left pupil being mydriatic, right positional ventral strabismus, absent menace response in the left eye and postural reaction deficits on the left side.

Myopia Control in Caucasian Children with 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops: 1-Year Follow-Up Study.

: Myopia is the most widespread ocular disorder globally and its prevalence has been increasing over the past decades. Atropine eye drops stand out as the only pharmacological intervention used in clinical practice to control myopia progression. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of 0.

Anisocoria Following Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery.

Introduction: In this report, we describe a case of anisocoria following uncomplicated cataract surgery. Clinicians should consider postoperative mechanical and tonic pupils when evaluating patients with anisocoria.

Case Presentation: A 69-year-old White female underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery of her left eye.

Adie's tonic pupil after COVID-19: a case report and literature review.

Various neurological complications have been reported after COVID-19. The study aimed to document an unusual case of Adie's tonic pupil following COVID-19. The study was a case report.

Anisocoria After Direct Light Stimulus is Associated with Poor Outcomes Following Acute Brain Injury.

Background: Assessing pupil size and reactivity is the standard of care in neurocritically ill patients. Anisocoria observed in critically ill patients often prompts further investigation and treatment. This study explores anisocoria at rest and after light stimulus determined using quantitative pupillometry as a predictor of discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores.

Long-term survival of traumatic brain injury and intra-cerebral haemorrhage patients: A multicentric observational cohort.

Purpose: Mortality is often assessed during ICU stay and early after, but rarely at later stage. We aimed to compare the long-term mortality between TBI and ICH patients.

Materials And Methods: From an observational cohort, we studied 580 TBI patients and 435 ICH patients, admitted from January 2013 to February 2021 in 3 ICUs and alive at 7-days post-ICU discharge.