Expression and characterization of exosomal miRNAs in healthy, sub-clinical mastitis and pasteurized milk of buffaloes.

Our research on the expression and characterization of exosomal miRNAs in buffalo milk, particularly in the context of healthy, sub-clinical mastitis and pasteurized milk, is a novel contribution to the field. We are the first to investigate the expressions of miRNAs and the characterization of exosomes in boiled and pasteurized milk. This study is based on clinical signs and CMT, where twenty buffalo milk samples were divided into normal and sub-clinical mastitis and a third group of ten commercial pasteurized milk.

Impact of extended lairage periods on physio-metabolic status and meat quality in commercial broilers.

1. This study investigated the impact of different lairage duration on physiology, metabolism and meat quality in commercial broilers.2.

Effect of coated calcium feeding on growth performance, carcass traits, immunity, blood biochemistry and tibial bone morphometry in commercial broiler chicken.

The bone abnormalities pose great concern in heavy, rapidly growing broilers, resulting in significant economic loss, and health issues in birds. To address these problems and prevent unnecessary mineral excretion into environment, it is crucial to optimise the inclusion level of dietary calcium in broiler's diet. The calcium utilisation by the bird is also affected by its source, particle size, bioavailability etc.

Occurrence of Coxiellosis in ruminants and its associated risk factors.

Coxiellosis in animals is caused by the zoonotic pathogen, Coxiella burnetii. Although the disease is of public health importance it remains underdiagnosed and underreported. The cross- sectional study was aimed to estimate the occurrence of the disease in livestock of study area and also to identify the risk factors associated with the disease in animals.

Milk miRNA expression in buffaloes as a potential biomarker for mastitis.

Background: Buffaloes have the highest potential for production due to a promising gene pool that is being enhanced and upgraded. Mastitis is a significant health impediment that greatly diminishes milk yield and quality, affecting rural farmers' livelihoods. The traditional gold standard used for diagnosing mastitis or subclinical mastitis is CMT, but it has the drawback of false positive or negative results.

Comparative analysis of diagnostic assays for scrub typhus: Unveiling enhanced approaches for accurate detection.

The study comparatively evaluated serological assays, namely, Weil Felix assay, and IgM ELISA with the gold-standard immunofluorescence test (IFAT) for the sensitive and specific serodiagnosis of scrub typhus infection in occupationally exposed groups of humans. A total of 78 serum samples collected from persons affected with various ailments and belonging to different risk groups were screened in the study. Out of the 78 serum samples tested, a total of 17, 26, and 47 samples turned out to be positive by IFAT, IgM ELISA, and Weil Felix test, respectively.

Edifications on Indirect IgM ELISA and Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) of scrub typhus in humans and erudition of in the vector of cohabiting rodents.

Scrub typhus is a vector-borne disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, propagated into humans by the bite of infected mite belonging to genus Leptotrombodium. The present study was conducted in the Nagpur region of central India aiming towards a survey of cohabiting rodents and their potential vectors for the presence of Orientia tsutsugamushi by PCR method. The study also emphasizes serological diagnosis of the disease by employing indirect IgM ELISA and IFA amongst the human cases of pyrexia of unknown origin.

Study on Sulfamethoxazole-Piperazine Salt: A Mechanistic Insight into Simultaneous Improvement of Physicochemical Properties.

Multidrug salts represent more than one drug in a crystal lattice and thus could be used to deliver multiple drugs in a single dose. It showcases unique physicochemical properties in comparison to individual components, which could lead to improved efficacy and therapeutic synergism. This study presents the preparation and scale-up of sulfamethoxazole-piperazine salt, which has been thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermal and spectroscopic analyses.

Novel Insights to Assess Climate Resilience in Goats Using a Holistic Approach of Skin-Based Advanced NGS Technologies.

A novel study was conducted to elucidate heat-stress responses on a number of hair- and skin-based traits in two indigenous goat breeds using a holistic approach that considered a number of phenotypic and genomic variables. The two goat breeds, Kanni Aadu and Kodi Aadu, were subjected to a simulated heat-stress study using the climate chambers. Four groups consisting of six goats each (KAC, Kaani Aadu control; KAH, Kanni Aadu heat stress; KOC, Kodi Aadu control; and KOH, Kodi Aadu heat stress) were considered for the study.

Potential of cinnamaldehyde essential oil as a possible antimicrobial against fowl typhoid in layers.

Fowl typhoid (FT) is an economically significant bacterial disease of layers leading to a drastic drop in egg production. Due to increased public health concerns about antibiotics in poultry feed, a search for new safe antimicrobials for treating fowl typhoid is crucial. The antimicrobial effect of cinnamaldehyde essential oil (CnEO) against fowl typhoid in layers was investigated in this experiment.

Behavioral and Proteomic Studies Reveal Methylglyoxal Activate Pathways Associated with Alzheimer's Disease.

Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. The role of elevated levels of glucose, methylglyoxal (MGO), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the pathogenesis of AD is not well understood. In this pursuit, we studied the role of methylglyoxal in the pathogenesis of AD in rat models.

Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Lactobacillus Acidophilus as an Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antibiofilm Agent Against Multi-drug Resistant Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli.

The present study was envisaged to employ the green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the potential probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus, to assess its antibacterial as well as antibiofilm activity against multi-drug-resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (MDR-EAEC) strains and to investigate their antioxidant activity. In this study, AgNPs were successfully synthesized through an eco-friendly protocol, which was then confirmed by its X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. A weight loss of 15% up to 182 °C with a narrow exothermic peak between 170 °C and 205 °C was observed in thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), while aggregated nanoclusters were observed in scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Analysis of carcass traits and quantitative expression patterns of different meat quality governing genes during heat stress exposure in indigenous goats.

A study was conducted to assess the impact of heat stress on various carcass traits, meat quality variables and gene expression patterns which governs meat quality in indigenous female Kodi Aadu breed. The study was conducted for 45 days in climate chamber with 12 animals randomly allocated into two groups of six animals each, KC (n = 6; Female; Control), KHS (n = 6; Female; heat stress). Majority of the major carcass traits and meat quality variables remained intact between KC and KHS groups.

Novel fluconazole-resistant zoonotic yeast isolated from mastitis.

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018-2019 to decipher the prevalence of yeast mastitis. The results indicated a 19.68% prevalence of clinical mastitis in bovines.

Bacteria from bovine clinical mastitis showed multiple drug resistance.

Mastitis, which often manifests as udder infection in dairy animals, is of great concern as it affects public health and results in heavy economic losses to the dairy industry. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the cultivable bacterial species associated with bovine clinical mastitis and their resistance patterns towards different antimicrobials. The milk samples from cows suffering from clinical mastitis during monsoon season were investigated.

Assessment of Efficacy and Toxicity of Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy in Canines with Malignant Mammary Tumor: A Retrospective Study.

Surgical excision with chemotherapy is a commonly used treatment modality to treat canine mammary tumor (CMT), but it is unclear whether different treatment modalities may have similar efficacies and toxicities. The objective of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of cyclophosphamide chemotherapy along with surgical excision of malignant mammary tumor in canines by clinical, haemato-biochemical, radiographical, and histopathological evaluation before and after treatment. Eighteen dogs with malignant mammary tumor, reported to Teaching Veterinary Hospital, were divided into two groups consisting of nine dogs in each group.

CEA, CA 15-3, and miRNA expression as potential biomarkers in canine mammary tumors.

The most often detected tumor in intact bitches is mammary tumors and represents a significant clinical problem throughout the world. Mammary neoplasms in canine have heterogeneous morphology, so the choice of the most appropriate biomarker is the biggest challenge in CMT detection. We performed a retrospective analysis and evaluated the canine cancer antigens and miRNA expression profiles as potential biomarkers.

Molecular characterisation of methicillin-resistant isolated from patients at a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, South India.

Context: Infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) greatly influence clinical outcome. Molecular characterisation of MRSA can help to predict their spread and to institute treatment and hospital protocols.

Aim: The aim of this study is to understand the diversity of MRSA in a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, India.

Association of Myroides odoratimimus in immunocompromized piglets with post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.

Aim: To study the association of opportunistic infection due to Myroides odoratimimus in piglets immunocompromised by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection.

Methods And Results: The clinical samples (n = 101) were analysed bacteriologically. The isolates were identified by their phenotypes and MALDI TOF-MS analysis as Myroides species.

Cultivable microbiota and pulmonary lesions in polymicrobial bovine pneumonia.

In the present study, the spectrum of bacterial pathogens in the nasal shedding during disease process and in pneumonic lungs of dead animals was studied. A total of 288 clinical samples from cattle and buffaloes comprising of nasal swabs, blood, tracheal swabs, heart blood and lung tissue samples were collected from diseased (n = 190) and dead animals (n = 98). The recovered bacterial isolates were characterized by biochemical reactions, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI TOF-MS) and the 16S rRNA sequence analysis.

Accidental acetamiprid poisoning in a buffalo.

Acetamiprid is a first generation systemic neonicotinoid insecticide, routinely used for crop protection against sucking type insects. It is likely to be of low toxicity in mammals but severe poisoning may occur if ingested in large amount. A case of buffalo with accidental ingestion of acetamiprid was presented with severe gastrointestinal symptoms and respiratory distress.

Correlation of testicular ultrasonography, testicular biometry, serum testosterone levels and seminal attributes in pre and post-pubertal age for breeding soundness evaluation in Osmanabadi bucks.

The present research work entitled "Correlation of testicular ultrasonography, testicular biometry, serum testosterone levels and seminal attributes in pre- and post-pubertal age for breeding soundness evaluation in Osmanabadi bucks" was undertaken in 18 healthy Osmanabadi bucks from the Instructional Livestock Farm Complex, Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai, Maharashtra. The body weight (kg), scrotal circumference (cm) and testicular biometry (cm) of post-weaning 18 Osmanabadi male kids was recorded every 15 days from weaning, i.e.