Chaste honey in long term-storage: Occurrence and accumulation of Maillard reaction products, and safety assessment.

Honey, a natural sweetener that can be stored long-term, is prone to Maillard reactions. Maillard reaction products (MRPs), such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), α-dicarbonyl compounds (α-DCs), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), negatively affect human health. We analyzed MRP accumulation in chaste honey over four years.

Analysis of differentially expressed proteins in Muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts infected with virulent and attenuated Muscovy duck reovirus by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) belongs to the Orthoreovirus genus of the Reoviridae family, which is a significant poultry pathogen leading to high morbidity and mortality in ducklings. However, the pathogenesis of the virus is not well understood. In the present study, two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) combined with LC-MS-MS was used to identify differentially expressed proteins between Muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts (MDEF) infected with virulent (MV9710 strain) and attenuated (CA strain) MDRV and non-infected MDEFs.

Serological investigation of ovine theileriosis by ELISA in Gannan Tibet Region of Gansu Province in China.

The Gannan Tibet Autonomous Region is the biggest and most important stock-raising region of Gansu Province, People's Republic of China. Many sheep and goats from this region suffer from Theileria challenge each year, resulting in inestimable economical losses. A first large-scale serological investigation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of ovine theileriosis in this region was performed by testing a total of 1,165 sera samples collected from seven districts of three counties.

Epidemiology of ovine theileriosis in Ganan region, Gansu Province, China.

The epidemiology of ovine theilreiosis in Gannan Tibet Autonomous Region was investigated. The results of these studies indicate that this disease is endemic in the following counties of Gannan where the vector tick was identified as Haemaphysalis qighaiensis: Luqu, Xiahe, Hezuo, Zhuoni, Lintan, Diebu, Maqu. The disease mainly occurred from March to May and some cases also occurred in September and October.