Dogs as Reservoirs for Leishmania donovani, Bihar, India, 2018-2022.

Visceral leishmaniasis derived from Leishmania donovani is transmitted by sand flies (Phlebotomus argentipes) throughout the Indian subcontinent. Although considered anthroponotic, L. donovani infects other mammals susceptible to sand fly bites, including dogs.

Pathogen isolation and traceability analysis of a fatal case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infectious encephalitis in China.

Background: The initial clinical symptoms of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) mainly include high fever, thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal symptoms, and severe patients may suffer from severe complications such as multiple organ failure, which can lead to death. Studies have shown that central nervous system symptoms are associated with severe adverse outcomes of SFTS, but there are few reports on confirmed cases of SFTS encephalitis. This is a special case in which her initial SFTS symptoms were atypical, while the disease deteriorated rapidly after the appearance of encephalitis.

Clinicopathological biomarker patterns, venom detection and venom proteomics in canine Vipera berus envenomation.

Vipera berus (V. berus) bites are associated with high morbidity, including kidney injury, in dogs. Although antivenom is often used and perceived effective to treat this type of snakebite, it is costly and associated with adverse events and specific diagnostics for this type of snakebite are lacking.

VipGrade electronic clinical tool: retrospective evaluation on a paediatric cohort of European viper bites.

Introduction: The VipGrade is a French electronic clinical tool that was created in 2022 to help frontline clinicians grade envenomations due to European spp. and decide whether to use specific immunotherapy. The aim of this study was to test VipGrade on a paediatric retrospective cohort (2001-2022) of cases of spp.

A survey of malaria vectors feeding preference, biting site and resting behaviour in the malaria elimination settings of Dembiya District, north-western Ethiopia.

Background: Despite the progress in scaling vector control interventions in Ethiopia, malaria is still a major health problem in the country. Monitoring of the local vector populations and the effectiveness of vector control strategies is necessary to guide programme decisions to optimize malaria prevention efforts. This study investigated the feeding preference, the biting behaviour and resting behaviours of Anopheles mosquitoes in selected localities of Dembiya District.

ATAK (Adrenaline, Takotsubo, anaphylaxis, and Kounis hypersensitivity-associated syndrome) following common cobra (Naja naja) bite: A case report from Sri Lanka.

A 68-year-old woman, after an Indian cobra (Naja naja) bite, developed anaphylaxis, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and Kounis syndrome. She was initially diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome after anaphylaxis due to exposure to cobra venom, indicating Kounis syndrome. The echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, and almost complete reversal of dyskinetic myocardium established Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

miRNA-431-5p enriched in EVs derived from IFN-β stimulated MSCs potently inhibited ZIKV through CD95 downregulation.

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) primarily spreads through mosquito bites and can lead to microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. It is noteworthy that ZIKV can persist in the semen of infected males for extended periods and can be sexually transmitted. Infection with ZIKV has severe pathological manifestations on the testicular tissues of male mice, resulting in reduced sperm motility and fertility.

The functions of DNA methyltransferases during the feeding and development of Haemaphysalis longicornis are potentially associated with lysosome pathways.

Background: DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays an important role in animal and plant development. Among the diverse types of DNA methylation modifications, methylation of cytosines catalyzed by DNA cytosine methyltransferases (DNMTs) is the most common. Recently, we characterized DNA methyltransferase genes including HlDnmt1 and HlDnmt from the Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis.

The Amazonian snakebite burden: Unveiling seasonal dynamics in a region with tenfold higher incidence compared to the Brazilian average.

Background: Accidents caused by snakes constitute a serious public health problem in Latin America and worldwide. The situation in the Brazilian Amazon region is neglected, resulting in the highest incidence of cases per capita in the country. Furthermore, the distance from urban areas makes it difficult for the population to access timely and effective medical care, including antivenom treatment.

Acute compartment syndrome leading to fasciotomy, severe morbidity and long-term disabilities following Sri Lankan Green pit viper (Peltopelor trigonocephalus) envenomation.

Green pit viper (Peltopelor trigonocephalus) is a medically important endemic snake in Sri Lanka. Its envenoming commonly causes local effects such as pain, swelling, blistering, and lymphadenopathy and rarely causes venom-induced consumption coagulopathy as a systemic effect. Despite its frequent encounters in estates, commonly tea and cinnamon plantations, reports of envenoming are rare and limited to nine reports in the literature.

Epidemiology of cat bites to people in Uruguay: Effects of the age and sex of the victim, season of the year, and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Cat bites to people are an important public health problem. However, very little information exists on the epidemiology of people bitten by cats at the level of an entire country in Latin America. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced people's lives and their relationships with pets, which could potentially affect the frequency of people bitten by cats.

Field surveys in rural Tanzania reveal key opportunities for targeted larval source management and species sanitation to control malaria in areas dominated by Anopheles funestus.

Background: Larval source management (LSM) is re-emerging as a critical malaria intervention to address challenges associated with core vector control tools, such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), and to accelerate progress towards elimination. Presently, LSM is not widely used in rural settings and is instead more commonly applied in urban and arid settings. A systematic entomological assessment was conducted in rural communities of southeastern Tanzania, where insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are widely used, to explore opportunities for deploying LSM to improve malaria control.