Porous carbon-nanostructured electrocatalysts for zinc-air batteries: from materials design to applications.

Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are pivotal in the evolution of sustainable energy storage solutions, distinguished by their high energy density and minimal environmental footprint. The oxygen electrode, which relies on sophisticated porous carbon materials, is critical to operational efficiency. This review scrutinizes oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) processes in ZABs through advanced porous carbon applications.

Catalyst-free regioselective sulfonylation of phenoxazine with sulfonyl hydrazides in HO/HFIP.

A facile catalyst-free sulfonylation of phenoxazine with sulfonyl hydrazides was efficiently developed in HO/HFIP without any catalyst. This metal- and catalyst-free protocol is suitable for aromatic and aliphatic reagents to afford the corresponding sulfones in moderate to high yields. A gram-scale experiment was performed to assess the practicability of the method.

Preparation and application of alkali-activated cementitious materials in solidification/stabilization of chromite ore processing residue.

Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a typical hazardous waste, which contains Cr(vi) and poses a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. In this study, solidification/stabilization (S/S) of COPR was carried out by using blast furnace slag (BFS) and fly ash (FA) to prepare alkali-activated cementitious materials (AACM). The influence of different factors (water glass modulus, liquid-solid ratio, alkali-solid content and curing temperature) on compressive strength was investigated by single-factor experiment.

Research on the environmental stability performance of chromite ore processing residue solidified products.

Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a hazardous waste because of leachable chromium, especially Cr(vi). Therefore, ascorbic acid (AA) and blast furnace slag (BFS) have been used to detoxify and solidify COPR. On this basis, environmental stability experiments with high temperature and freeze-thaw cycles were carried out to explore the stability performance of a solidified body with 40% COPR.

Removal of ammonia nitrogen from black and odorous water by macrophytes based on laboratory microcosm experiments.

In recent years, the removal mechanism of ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water (BOW), especially in the process of phytoremediation, has been a research "hotspot". Here, the migration process of ammonia nitrogen in macrophytes (, and ) was detected by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Experiments revealed that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH -N) was reduced significantly.

Using a two-step method of surface mechanical attrition treatment and calcium ion implantation to promote the osteogenic activity of mesenchymal stem cells as well as biomineralization on a β-titanium surface.

Surface treatment is known as a very efficient measure by which to modulate the surface properties of biomaterials in terms of grain structure, topography, roughness and chemistry to determine the osseointegration of implants. In this work, a two-step method of surface modification was employed to impart high osteogenic activity and biomineralization capacity on a Ti-25Nb-3Mo-2Sn-3Zr alloy (a type of β-titanium named TLM). The preliminary surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) refined the average grain size from 170 ± 19 μm to 74 ± 8 nm in the TLM surface layer and promoted the surface to be much rougher and more hydrophilic.

Insight into the enhanced photocatalytic activity of Mo and P codoped SrTiO from first-principles prediction.

In this study, the synergistic effect of cation codoping (Mo and the cation P) on the band structure of SrTiO is demonstrated to enhance its photocatalytic activity. The electronic structure and optical properties of (Mo + P) codoped SrTiO are examined by performing GGA + calculations. The results show that the strong hybridization between the Mo 4d states and the O 2p states assisted by the non-metal P leads to the formation of fully occupied and delocalized intermediate states (IBs) near the valence band of SrTiO.

Effect of new carbonyl cyanide aromatic hydrazones on biofilm inhibition against methicillin resistant .

Carbonyl cyanide -chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), as a protonophore, in combination with antibiotics exhibited potentiating antibacterial activity. To improve CCCP's potency and toxicity, a series of aromatic hydrazones were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated; amongst them, compounds 2e and 2j with a strong -electron-withdrawing substituent (-NO and -CF) at the phenyl ring had the lowest MICs against both and methicillin resistant (1.56 and 1.

A comparative study on the evolution of the interface chemistry and electrical performance of ALD-driven Hf Ti Al O nanolaminates.

In this work, a series of ternary HfTiO and TiAlO films and quaternary HfTiAlO films prepared with different stoichiometric ratios atomic layer deposition (ALD) were deposited on Si substrates. The interfacial properties, band alignments, and electrical characteristics were analyzed to evaluate the electrical performance of the corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors. Based on the characterization data, it can be noted that the permittivity of HfTiO increases on increasing the Ti content, while the deterioration of the film quality leads to an increased leakage current.