A Non-invasive Lung Disease Study of Exhaled Breath Nitric Oxide Based on Ultraviolet Differential Absorption Spectroscopy Techniques.

In this study, a non-invasive device based on ultraviolet differential absorption spectroscopy (UV-DOAS) technology for detecting fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO)was developed and clinically validated in patients with various lung diseases. The diagnostic potential of FeNO was explored by analysing subgroups of patients with lung cancer, nodules, and other disease. The results showed that FeNO concentrations were significantly higher in patients with malignant tumours than in healthy controls (p < 0.

Copper-Mediated Three-Component Synthesis of Diverse Perfluoroalkylated Fullerenes.

The synthesis of perfluoroalkylated fullerenes (PFAFs) holds significant importance due to their enhanced molecular stability, increased lipophilicity, and high electron affinity. Herein, we report a copper-catalyzed multicomponent reaction conducted under aerobic conditions, which enables the production of highly soluble PFAFs with half-wave reduction potentials similar to those of C. Furthermore, the challenges posed by C-F coupling in carbon signal assignment were addressed through fluorine-decoupled carbon spectroscopy, facilitating precise structural characterization of the perfluoroalkyl moieties.

Comparative dissection of transcriptional landscapes of human iPSC-NK differentiation and NK cell development.

Clinical and preclinical research has demonstrated that iPSC-derived NK (iNK) cells have a high therapeutic potential, yet poor understanding of the detailed process of their differentiation and their counterpart cell development has hindered therapeutic iNK cell production and engineering. Here we dissect the crucial differentiation of both fetal liver NK cells and iNK cells to enable the rational design of advanced iNK production protocols. We use a comparative analysis of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) to pinpoint key factors lacking in the induced setting which we hypothesized would hinder iNK differentiation and/ or functionality.

Construction of a nomogram prediction model for early postoperative stoma complications of colorectal cancer.

Background: Postoperative enterostomy is increasing in patients with colorectal cancer, but there is a lack of a model that can predict the probability of early complications.

Aim: To explore the factors influencing early postoperative stoma complications in colorectal cancer patients and to construct a nomogram prediction model for predicting the probability of these complications.

Methods: A retrospective study of 462 patients who underwent postoperative ostomy for colorectal cancer in the Gastrointestinal Department of the Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital.

Comparison of Effect Sevoflurane-Based Anesthesia and Propofol-Based Anesthesia on the Early Postoperative Renal Function of Living Kidney Transplant Donors: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Living kidney transplantation is a common treatment for end-stage renal disease. The impact of anaesthetics on postoperative biomarkers of renal injury in living kidney transplant donors is not well understood.

Patients And Methods: 70 transplant donors who underwent kidney extraction were randomly assigned to following two groups: sevoflurane (S group) and propofol (P group).

Boosting the oxygen reduction activity on metal surfaces by fine-tuning interfacial water with midinfrared stimulation.

Heterogeneous catalysis at the metal surface generally involves the transport of molecules through the interfacial water layer to access the surface, which is a rate-determining step at the nanoscale. In this study, taking the oxygen reduction reaction on a metal electrode in aqueous solution as an example, using accurate molecular dynamic simulations, we propose a novel long-range regulation strategy in which midinfrared stimulation (MIRS) with a frequency of approximately 1,000 cm is applied to nonthermally induce the structural transition of interfacial water from an ordered to disordered state, facilitating the access of oxygen molecules to metal surfaces at room temperature and increasing the oxygen reduction activity 50-fold. Impressively, the theoretical prediction is confirmed by the experimental observation of a significant discharge voltage increase in zinc-air batteries under MIRS.

Famitinib plus camrelizumab in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: Data from a multicenter, basket study.

Concurrent inhibition of angiogenesis and immune checkpoints represents a potent therapeutic approach. We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, basket study to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of famitinib (anti-angiogenic agent) plus camrelizumab (PD-1 antagonist) in patients with metastatic solid tumors across 11 cohorts (this study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov [NCT04346381]).

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the intercellular crosstalk and the regulatory landscape of stromal cells during the whole life of the mouse ovary.

The heterogeneity of ovarian mesenchymal/stromal cells has just been revealed in both mice and humans. However, it remains unclear about the cellular development trace and the intercellular communication network in the whole life of the ovary. In the study, we integrated ours and published single-cell RNA sequencing data from E11.

Exploring age and gender disparities in cardiometabolic phenotypes and lipidomic signatures among Chinese adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China.

Activating Reversible V/V Redox Couple in NASICON-Type Phosphate Cathodes by High Entropy Substitution for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Vanadium-based Na superionic conductor (NASICON) type materials (NaVM(PO), M = transition metals) have attracted extensive attention when used as sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) cathodes due to their stable structures and large Na diffusion channels. However, the materials have poor electrical conductivity and mediocre energy density, which hinder their practical applications. Activating the V/V redox couple (V/V≈4.

Correlation between rrs gene mutations and amikacin resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus: implications for fitness cost and clinical prevalence.

Objectives: Amikacin is crucial for treating Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) infections, with resistance primarily attributed to rrs gene mutations. The correlation between specific mutations and amikacin susceptibility, along with the associated fitness cost, requires further investigation.

Methods: We isolated spontaneous amikacin-resistant mutants in vitro and identified their mutation sites in the rrs gene via Sanger sequencing, which were then compared with existing reports.

Synergistically Enhanced Co-Adsorption of Reactant and Hydroxyl on Platinum-Modified Copper Oxide for High-Performance HMF Oxidation.

Electrochemical oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) provides an environmentally friendly route for producing the sustainable polymer monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). Thus, precisely adjusting the synergistic adsorption among key reactive species, such as HMF and OH, on the carefully designed catalyst surface is essential for achieving satisfactory catalytic performance for HMF oxidation to FDCA as it is closely related to the adsorption strength and configuration of the reaction substrates. This kind of regulation will ultimately facilitate the improvement of HMF oxidation performance.

Nanoparticles modified with glucose analogs to enhance the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and their accumulation in the epileptic brain.

Drug delivery for epilepsy treatment faces enormous challenges, where the sole focus on enhancing the ability of drugs to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) through ligand modification is insufficient because of the absence of seizure-specific drug accumulation. In this study, an amphipathic drug carrier with a glucose transporter (GLUT)-targeting capability was synthesised by conjugating 2-deoxy-2-amino-D-glucose (2-DG) to the model carrier DSPE-PEG. A 2-DG-modified nano drug delivery system (NDDS) possessing robust stability and favourable biocompatibility was then fabricated using the nanoprecipitation method.

Self-Supported α-MoB/β-MoB Ceramic Electrodes for Efficient High-Current-Density Hydrogen Evolution in Acidic, Neutral, and Alkaline pH-Values.

This paper describes the production and high-current-density hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in the whole pH range (from acidic to basic pH values) of self-supported α-MoB/β-MoB ceramic electrodes, aiming for use in industrial electrocatalytic water splitting. Tape-casting and phase-inversion process, followed by sintering, were employed to synthesize self-supported β-MoB ceramic electrodes, which exhibited well arranged large finger-like pores, providing numerous active sites and channels for electrolyte entry and hydrogen release. The reaction between β-MoB and the sintering aid of MoO produces α-MoB/β-MoB heterojunctions, which significantly improve the electrocatalytic performance.

The association of chronotype, sleep duration and trajectories of health-risk behaviors among college students: a cohort study.

Purpose: To describe the trajectories of health-risk behaviors (HRBs) among college students through four consecutive surveys and explore the relationship between chronotype, sleep duration and different trajectories of HRBs.

Methods: We used a data sample of 1,042 college students from the College Student Behavior and Health Cohort Study. Students reported sleep parameters, including chronotype (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire-5, MEQ-5) and sleep duration.

Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for stage II-IVa esophageal cancer: a network meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced, resectable esophageal cancer.

Methods: Literature published before November 2023 on the clinical efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and the Web of Science. A meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.

GhRac9 improves cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae via regulating ROS production and lignin content.

Rac/Rop proteins, a kind of unique small GTPases in plants, play crucial roles in plant growth and development and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, it is poorly understood whether cotton Rac/Rop protein genes are involved in mediating cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae. Here, we focused on the function and mechanism of cotton Rac/Rop gene GhRac9 in the defense response to Verticillium dahliae infection.

Synergistic effects of GmLFYa and GmLFYb on Compound Leaf Development in Soybean.

Legume leaves exhibit diverse compound forms, with various regulatory mechanisms underlying the development. The transcription factor-encoding KNOXI genes are required to promote leaflet initiation in most compound-leafed angiosperms. In non-IRLC (inverted repeat-lacking clade) legumes, KNOXI are expressed in compound leaf primordia but not in others (IRLC).

Study on spatial correlation and driving factors of industrial carbon emission in the Hefei metropolitan area based on SNA-QAP method.

In this paper, the Hefei metropolitan area is selected as the research object to measure industrial carbon emissions in this area during 2010-2022. The main contribution is to deeply analyze the characteristics of the spatial correlation network of industrial carbon emissions in the Hefei metropolitan area with the modified gravity model and social network analysis(SNA), and to explore the driving factors of its formation with quadratic assignment procedure(QAP). It establishes the foundation for the Hefei metropolitan area to differentiated green city development policies.

Characteristics and paleoclimate significance of authigenic ferrimagnetic minerals in the Xuancheng red earth, southern China.

Soil magnetic records in Quaternary red earth (QRE) deposits contain a valuable record of paleoclimate information, providing insights into controls on Earth's climate system in the past and potentially helping to predict its response to perturbations in the future. Here, analysis of the environmental magnetism and mineralogy of the Xuancheng QRE (Anhui Province, South China) shows that magnetic variation was strongly linked to production of authigenic ferrimagnetic minerals such as maghemite. Fine-grained maghemite formed during the weathering-related transformation of iron-bearing illite to vermiculite, generating aggregates of vermiculite or mixed-layer illite-vermiculite.

METTL1 coordinates cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression via the m7G modification of the ATF4 mRNA.

Methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1)-mediated m7G modification is a common occurrence in various RNA species, including mRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, and miRNAs. Recent evidence suggests that this modification is linked to the development of several cancers, making it a promising target for cancer therapy. However, the specific role of m7G modification in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is not well understood.

Machine Learning Model for Risk Stratification of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Radiopathomics.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aims to develop a radiopathomics model based on preoperative ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) images to enable accurate, non-invasive preoperative risk stratification for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The model seeks to enhance clinical decision-making by optimizing preoperative treatment strategies.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy between October 2022 and May 2024 across six centers.

Background-free luminescent and chromatic assay for strong visual detection of creatinine.

Creatinine is an essential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of renal insufficiency. Although fluorescent methods are powerful tools for creatinine detection, almost all reported fluorescent probes rely on short-wavelength excitation and a single fluorescent signal, making them susceptible to environmental and operational conditions. In this study, a near-infrared excited, highly sensitive, and multi-output signal sensing system was established using upconversion nanoparticles and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (DNBA) for synergistic luminescent and colorimetric assay for strong visual detection of creatinine.

Exposure profiles, determinants, and health risks of chemicals in personal care products among healthy older adults from the China BAPE study.

Personal care products (PCPs) are ubiquitously present in the environment, and the associated health risks have been increasingly concerned worldwide. However, knowledge regarding exposure assessments of older adults to these chemicals and their health risks remains largely limited. In the present study, five repeated surveys involving 76 healthy older adults in Jinan, Shandong Province, were performed to quantify urinary exposure levels of 14 chemicals in PCPs.

Mechanism of Radix Bupleuri and Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim drug pairs on liver fibrosis based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation.

A number of studies demonstrate the therapeutic effectiveness of Radix Bupleuri (RB) and Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim (HMM) in treating liver fibrosis, but the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of RB-HMM drug pairs in treating liver fibrosis by using network pharmacology, bioinformatics, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation technology and in vitro experiments. Totally, 155 intersection targets between RB-HMM and liver fibrosis were identified.