Invasive pneumococcal diseases in Chinese children: a multicentre hospital-based active surveillance from 2019 to 2021.

This study aimed to provide data for the clinical features of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and the molecular characteristics of isolates from paediatric patients in China. We conducted a multi-centre prospective study for IPD in 19 hospitals across China from January 2019 to December 2021. Data of demographic characteristics, risk factors for IPD, death, and disability was collected and analysed.

Apoptotic Bodies Derived from Fibroblast-Like Cells in Subcutaneous Connective Tissue Inhibit Ferroptosis in Ischaemic Flaps via the miR-339-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 Axis.

Preventing and treating avascular necrosis at the distal end of the flaps are critical to surgery success, but current treatments are not ideal. A recent study shows that apoptotic bodies (ABs) generated near the site of apoptosis can be taken up and promote cell proliferation. The study reveals that ABs derived from fibroblast-like cells in the subcutaneous connective tissue (FSCT cells) of skin flaps promoted ischaemic flap survival.

Comparison of singleton and twin birth weight reference percentile curves by gestational age and sex in extremely preterm infants: a population-based study.

Background: With the increasing survival rate of smaller newborns and twins, previous growth curves may not accurately assess the growth of extremely preterm infants (EPIs). Our study aimed to establish birth weight percentile curves for singletons and twins in EPIs from China and the USA and compare the differences between them.

Methods: In China, EPIs were from 31 provinces, from 2010 to 2021.

Selection of prenatal screening with nuchal translucency > 95th centile and below 99th centile: a 4-year observational study with real-world data.

Objective: We sought to analyze the genetic outcomes of fetuses with nuchal translucency (NT) > 95th centile, and determine whether prenatal genetic counseling, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) or non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) are truly beneficial for the outcomes of fetuses with increased NT > 95th centile and below 99th centile.

Materials And Methods: A total of 535 pregnant women were included in this study, with a fetal NT > 95th centile at 11-13 weeks of gestation from January 2017 to December 2020. 324 pregnant women with fetal NT > 95th centile and below 99th centile combined with other risk factors and NT > 99th centile received prenatal diagnostic karyotype analysis and CMA, and 211 pregnant women with fetal isolated increased NT > 95th centile and below 99th centile were selected to carry out NIPT.

Association Between Maternal Fasting Glucose Levels Throughout Pregnancy and Preschoolers' Refractive Errors.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between maternal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) trajectories during pregnancy and children's refractive errors at 6 years of age.

Design: Based on the Ma'anshan Birth Cohort (MABC) in China, a total of 1987 mother-child pairs were included in this study.

Methods: Using the group-based trajectory model, trajectory fitting was performed on FPG levels during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy.

PIVKA-II combined with alpha-fetoprotein for the diagnostic value of hepatic tumors in children: a multicenter, prospective observational study.

Background: To investigate whether protein induced by vitamin K antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy of childhood hepatic tumors.

Methods: A multi-center prospective observational study was performed at nine regional institutions around China. Children with hepatic mass (Group T) were divided into hepatoblastoma group (Group T) and hemangioendothelioma group (Group T), children with extrahepatic abdominal mass (Group C).

Metabolic Characteristics and Discriminative Diagnosis of Growth Hormone Deficiency and Idiopathic Short Stature in Preadolescents and Adolescents.

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and idiopathic short stature (ISS) are the most common types of short stature (SS), but little is known about their pathogenesis, and even less is known about the study of adolescent SS. In this study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic analysis combined with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were performed to identify the biomarkers of different types of SS (including 94 preadolescent GHD (PAG), 61 preadolescent ISS (PAI), 43 adolescent GHD (ADG), and 19 adolescent ISS (ADI)), and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was further used to evaluate the predictive power of potential biomarkers. The results showed that fourteen, eleven, nine, and fifteen metabolites were identified as the potential biomarkers of PAG, PAI, ADG, and ADI compared with their corresponding controls, respectively.

Augmented ERO1α upon mTORC1 activation induces ferroptosis resistance and tumor progression via upregulation of SLC7A11.

Background: The dysregulated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling plays a critical role in ferroptosis resistance and tumorigenesis. However, the precise underlying mechanisms still need to be fully understood.

Methods: Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1α) expression in mTORC1-activated mouse embryonic fibroblasts, cancer cells, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) clinical samples was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry.

Development and validation of a novel nomogram for predicting overall survival patients with neuroblastoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram specially for predicting overall survival (OS) for Chinese patients with neuroblastoma (NB).

Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed NB who were newly diagnosed and received treatments at our hospital from October 2013 to October 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The nomogram for OS were built based on Cox regression analysis.

Association of congenital heart disease and neurodevelopmental disorders: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: This study aims to thoroughly study the connection between congenital heart disease (CHD) and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) through observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) designs.

Methods: This observational study uses data from the National Survey of Children's Health (2020-2021). Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to analyze the association.

Environmental cadmium inhibits testicular testosterone synthesis via Parkin-dependent MFN1 degradation.

Low testosterone (T) levels are associated with many common diseases, such as obesity, male infertility, depression, and cardiovascular disease. It is well known that environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure can induce T decline, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. We established a murine model in which Cd exposure induced testicular T decline.

Landscape of mA RNA methylation regulators in liver cancer and its therapeutic implications.

Liver cancer remains as the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally as of 2020. Despite the significant progress made in the field of liver cancer treatment, there is still a lack of effective therapies in patients with advanced cancer and the molecular mechanisms underlying liver cancer progression remain largely elusive. N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification, as the most prevalent and abundant internal RNA modification in eukaryotic RNAs, plays an essential role in regulating RNA metabolism including RNA splicing, stability, translation, degradation.

Potential Cause-and-Effect Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Childhood Neuroblastoma: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Objectives: To analyze the potential causal-effect of gut microbiota (GM) on neuroblastoma (NB) risk using a Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: A two-sample MR study was conducted using summary statistics of the GM from the largest available meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. Pooled statistics for childhood NB were obtained from the IEU Consortium release data (1627 cases and 3254 controls).

Clinical practice guidelines for prevention and treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal disorder with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (2023).

Postoperative gastrointestinal disorder (POGD) was a common complication after surgery under anesthesia. Strategies in combination with Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine showed some distinct effects but standardized clinical practice guidelines were not available. Thus, a multidisciplinary expert team from various professional bodies including the Perioperative and Anesthesia Professional Committees of the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine (CAIM), jointly with Gansu Province Clinical Research Center of Integrative Anesthesiology/Anesthesia and Pain Medical Center of Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and WHO Collaborating Center for Guideline Implementation and Knowledge Translation/Chinese Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Center/Gansu Provincial Center for Medical Guideline Industry Technology/Evidence-based Medicine Center of Lanzhou University, was established to develop evidence-based guidelines.

Tibial cortex transverse transport regulates Orai1/STIM1-mediated NO release and improve the migration and proliferation of vessels via increasing osteopontin expression.

Background: Diabetic foot is a major complication of diabetes. The bone transverse transport method could be applied in clinics for treatment, which could improve the metabolism of the tissues via lasting distraction forces. However, the process' specific regulating mechanism is still unknown.