Synthesis and Functions of Resistant Starch.

Resistant starch (RS) has become a popular topic of research in recent years. Most scholars believe that there are 5 types of RS. However, accumulating evidence indicates that in addition to starch-lipid complexes, which are the fifth type of RS, complexes containing starch and other substances can also be generated.

A Single-Center Study of the Efficacy of Transvesicoscopic Ureterovesical Reimplantation: With or Without Ureteral Tailoring in Children with Congenital Megaureter.

To investigate the efficacy of ureteral tailoring with or without ureteral bladder reimplantation in the treatment of primary megaureter (MGU) in children by transvesicoscopic ureteral reimplantation. Clinical data from 21 children with primary MGU who were treated with pneumo-bladder ureterovesical reimplantation in Anhui Children's Hospital from January 2019 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Thereafter, children were divided into two groups according to whether intraoperative ureteral tailoring was performed, including 9 in the trimmed group and 12 in the nontrimmed group.

Longitudinal outcomes for educational placement and quality of life in a prospectively recruited multinational cohort of children with cochlear implants.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report on the educational placement, quality of life and speech reception changes in a prospectively recruited group of children after they received a cochlear implant (CI).

Method: Data was collected on 1085 CI recipients of as part of a prospective, longitudinal, observational, international, multi-centre, paediatric registry, initiated by Cochlear Ltd (Sydney, NSW, Australia). Outcome data from children (≤10 years old) implanted in routine practice was voluntarily entered into a central, externally hosted, e-platform.

Clinical guideline on magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy (2021 edition).

With the development and generalization of endoscopic technology and screening, clinical application of magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy (MCCG) has been increasing. In recent years, various types of MCCG are used globally. Therefore, establishing relevant guidelines on MCCG is of great significance.

Modifiable factors associated with cognitive performance in Chinese adolescents: a national environment-wide association study.

Growing evidence exists about the candidate factors of childhood cognitive performance, but mainly limited to single-exposure studies. We sought to systematically and simultaneously identify and validate a wide range of potential modifiable factors for childhood cognitive performance. We used data from five waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS-2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018).

Ocular emotion discrimination disorders in self-limited epilepsy patients with centrotemporal spikes complicated with electrical status epilepticus during sleep: A pediatric neuropsychological study.

Objective: We investigated the characteristics and factors influencing eye emotion recognition in self-limited epilepsy patients with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS) complicated with electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES).

Methods: We selected SeLECTS (n = 160) patients treated in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Anhui Children's Hospital from September 2020 to January 2022. According to the video electroencephalogram monitoring slow-wave index (SWI), SeLECTS patients with SWI < 50% were assigned into the typical SeLECTS group (n = 79), and patients with SWI ≥ 50% were assigned into the ESES group (n = 81).

Application of "Internet+" cognitive-behavioral intervention in caregivers of children with congenital heart disease undergoing elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To explore the effects of cognitive and behavioral interventions for caregivers of children undergoing interventional surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) during COVID-19.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 140 children with CHD who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology in a children's hospital from March 2020 to March 2022. The children were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, with 70 cases in each group.

Analysis of type I hypersensitivity-induced inflammatory response in children of different age groups with acute appendicitis.

Objective: To explore the differences in type I hypersensitivity-induced inflammatory response among children of different age groups with acute appendicitis.

Methods: We selected children diagnosed with "acute appendicitis" who underwent surgery in the Department of General Surgery of Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2022 to June 2022 and collected their basic data. We divided them into two groups according to age: the infant group (less than 3 years old) and the pediatric group (3-14 years old).

Deep learning-guided postoperative pain assessment in children.

Current automated pain assessment methods only focus on infants or youth. They are less practical because the children who suffer from postoperative pain in clinical scenarios are in a wider range of ages. In this article, we present a large-scale Clinical Pain Expression of Children (CPEC) dataset for postoperative pain assessment in children.

25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in children of different ages and with varying degrees of infection and immunological features.

Background: (HP) is a major cause of upper digestive tract diseases. However, the relationship between HP infection and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in children has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the levels of 25(OH)D in children of different ages and with varying degrees of HP infection and immunological features as well as the correlations between 25(OH)D levels in children infected with HP and their ages and degrees of infection.

Efficacy of the modified Brisson+Devine procedure for the treatment of concealed penis.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the modified Brisson+Devine procedure in the management of concealed penis.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical data of 45 children diagnosed with concealed penis who underwent modified Brisson+Devine procedure in the Department of Urology of Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021 were analyzed. Follow-up visits were performed at one, three, and six months postoperatively, and outcome measures included postoperative complications and parental satisfaction.

Early Antibiotic Use and Neonatal Outcomes Among Preterm Infants Without Infections.

Objectives: To determine whether use, duration, and types of early antibiotics were associated with neonatal outcomes and late antibiotic use in preterm infants without infection-related diseases.

Methods: This cohort study enrolled infants admitted to 25 tertiary NICUs in China within 24 hours of birth during 2015-2018. Death, discharge, or infection-related morbidities within 7 days of birth; major congenital anomalies; and error data on antibiotic use were excluded.

Molecular Evolution of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 2 Based on Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Gene.

To understand the molecular evolution of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (HPIV2), 21 Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase (HN) gene sequences covering seven Chinese provinces in 2011 and 2017 to 2021 were combined with 90 published HN sequences worldwide for phylogenetic analysis. The result showed that global HPIV2 could be classified into two distinct clusters (I and II), five lineages (IA to IIE), and four sublineages (IB1 and 2, and IIE1 and 2). The minimum genetic distances between different clusters and lineages were 0.

Surface modification of ureteral stents: development history, classification, function, and future developments.

Introduction: Ureteral stents are commonly used in urology but are frequently associated with hematuria, abdominal discomfort, urinary tract infection, stent displacement, and stent encrustation. Surface modification of ureteral stents is beneficial to solve the problem, and these can be divided into coated stents and drug-eluting stents according to the modification method. Coated stents can be divided into hydrophilic coatings, antibacterial coatings, and anti-encrustation coatings.

Efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with sirolimus for treating Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in infants, a retrospective study.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to observe the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sirolimus in the treatment of haemangioma combined with the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP).

Methods: A total of 11 infants with KMP who were treated at our hospital from January 2016 to September 2021 were selected and treated with arteriosclerosis embolotherapy using a microsphere emulsion formed by bleomycin + ultra-fluid lipiodol + dexamethasone + contrast agent or bleomycin mixed microspheres as the embolising agent. The patients were administered sirolimus orally after TACE.

Efficacy and safety evaluation of the scrotal skin transfer method in the treatment of pediatric concealed penis: a six-month follow-up data.

Background: Pediatric concealed penis affects penis development and the psychological health of the children. Current surgical methods tend to retain too much of the inner foreskin plate, resulting in unsatisfactory appearance and postoperative complications. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a new surgical intervention method using a scrotal skin transfer instead of the external foreskin plate to treat pediatric concealed penis.

The functional change of the P2X7R containing the Ala to Thr polymorphism is associated with the pathogenesis of gout.

Our previous study has shown that ATP action on P2X7R could be the second signal to induce the onset of gouty arthritis. However, the functional changes of P2X7R single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the effects of ATP-P2X7R-IL-1β signaling pathway and uric acid remained unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between the functional change of P2X7R containing the Ala to Thr polymorphisms (rs1718119) and the pathogenesis of gout.

The impact of pre-adulthood urbanicity on hippocampal subfield volumes and neurocognitive abilities in young adults.

Background: Urbanicity refers to the conditions that are particular to urban areas and is a growing environmental challenge that may affect hippocampus and neurocognition. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the average pre-adulthood urbanicity on hippocampal subfield volumes and neurocognitive abilities as well as the sensitive age windows of the urbanicity effects.

Participants And Methods: We included 5,390 CHIMGEN participants (3,538 females; age: 23.

Association between early life adversity and allostatic load in girls with precocious puberty.

Context: The mechanisms underlying the elevated long-term health risk in girls with precocious puberty remain unclear, but might result from physiological wear and tear associated with greater exposure to early life adversity.

Objective: This study aims to explore early life adversity in girls with precocious puberty and its association with allostatic load.

Methods: Early life adversity and hair cortisol concentration were measured among 213 girls with precocious puberty (8.

Novel mutation in the SETD1A gene in a newborn patient associating with congenital airway and heart defeats: A case report.

Rationale: Congenital malformations are commonly associated with genetic disorders in infants and children.

Patient Concerns: A 13-day-old male infant was admitted to our hospital presenting with aggravated dyspnea and characteristic facial and body features. Examinations during hospitalization found congenital bronchomalacia and heart defects including atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and pulmonary hypertension, congenital laryngeal stridor, and tracheal stenosis.

The outcome of acute kidney injury substages based on urinary cystatin C in critically ill children.

Background: The concept of acute kidney injury (AKI) substages has been recommended to better phenotype AKI and identify high-risk patient groups and therefore improve the diagnostic accuracy of AKI. However, there remains a gap between the recommendation and the clinical application. The study aimed to explore the incidence of AKI substages based on a sensitive AKI biomarker of urinary cystatin C (uCysC), and to determine whether AKI substages were relevant with respect to outcome in critically ill children.