Enhancement of HS sensing performance of rGO decorated CuO thin films: experimental and DFT studies.

We demonstrate a highly selective and sensitive Cupric oxide (CuO) thin film-based low concentration Hydrogen sulfide (HS) sensor. The sensitivity was improved around three times by decorating with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets. CuO thin films were deposited by Chemical Vapor Deposition followed by inter-digital electrode fabrication by a thermal evaporations system.

Insights into multidimensional transport flux from vertical observation and numerical simulation in two cities in North China.

This study represents the first quantitative evaluation of pollution transport budget within the boundary layer of typical cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region from the perspective of horizontal and vertical exchanges and further discusses the impact of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)-free troposphere (FT) exchange on concentration of fine particulate matter (PM) within the ABL during heavy pollution. From the perspective of the transport flux balance relationship, differences in pollution transport characteristics between the two cities is mainly reflected in the ABL-FT exchange effect. The FT mainly flowed into the ABL in BJ, while in SJZ, the outflow from the ABL to the FT was more intense.

Identification of volatile organic compound emissions from anthropogenic and biogenic sources based on satellite observation of formaldehyde and glyoxal.

Anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are serious pollutants in the atmosphere because of their toxicity and as precursors of secondary organic aerosols and ozone pollution. Although in-situ measurements provide accurate information on VOCs, their spatial coverage is limited and insufficient. In this study, we provide a global perspective for identifying anthropogenic VOC emission sources through the ratio of glyoxal to formaldehyde (RGF) based on satellite observations.

Simplified Cell Magnetic Isolation Assisted SC Chip to Realize "Sample in and Chemotaxis Out": Validated by Healthy and T2DM Patients' Neutrophils.

Neutrophil migration in tissues critically regulates the human immune response and can either play a protective role in host defense or cause health problems. Microfluidic chips are increasingly applied to study neutrophil migration, attributing to their advantages of low reagent consumption, stable chemical gradients, visualized cell chemotaxis monitoring, and quantification. Most chemotaxis chips suffered from low throughput and fussy cell separation operations.

Non-Targeted Serum Lipidomics Analysis and Potential Biomarkers of Laryngeal Cancer Based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS.

Laryngeal cancer is a common head and neck malignant cancer type. However, effective biomarkers for diagnosis are lacking and pathogenesis is unclear. Lipidomics is a powerful tool for identifying biomarkers and explaining disease mechanisms.

Inferring global surface HCHO concentrations from multisource hyperspectral satellites and their application to HCHO-related global cancer burden estimation.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a toxic and hazardous air pollutant that widely exists in atmosphere. Insufficient spatial and temporal coverage of surface HCHO measurements is limiting studies on surface HCHO-related air quality management and health risk assessment. This study develops a method to derive global ground-level HCHO concentrations from satellite-based tropospheric HCHO columns using TM5-simulated surface-to-column conversion factor with coarse spatial resolution.

Coordination engineering strategy of iron single-atom catalysts boosts anti-Cu(II) interference detection of As(III) with a high sensitivity.

Mutual interference issues between heavy metal ions tremendously affect the detection reliability and accuracy in water quality analysis, especially the serious interference of Cu(II) on the detection of As(III) is greatly hard to overcome, which needs to be solved urgently. Herein, iron single-atom catalysts with different coordination structures of FeNC and FeNP are constructed to selectively catalyze the detection of As(III) in the coexistence of Cu(II). FeNP achieves a high sensitivity of 3.

Study on Laser Parameter Measurement System Based on Cone-Arranged Fibers and CCD Camera.

This paper proposes a new laser parameter measuring method based on cone-arranged fibers to further improve the measurable spot size, allowable incident angle range, and spatial sampling resolution. This method takes a conical array composed of flexible fibers to sample and shrink the cross-section spot of the laser beam, facilitating low-distortion shooting with a charge-coupled diode (CCD) camera, and adopts homogenized processing and algorithm analysis to correct the spot. This method is experimentally proven to achieve high-accuracy measurements with a decimeter-level spot-receiving surface, millimeter-level resolution, and high tolerance in order to incite skew angle.

Quantifying emission fluxes of atmospheric pollutants from mobile differential optical absorption spectroscopic (DOAS) observations.

This study demonstrates a mobile passive differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) based remote sensing method for quantifying the emission fluxes of soot pollutants. First, the mobile DOAS system scans the plume emitted from urban sources. Then, the DOAS method retrieves the total columns of pollutant gases along the measurement path.

Retrieval of tropospheric ozone profiles using ground-based MAX-DOAS.

In recent years, surface ozone concentrations have increased in many cities in China. Ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) is a powerful technique for retrieving the profiles of tropospheric trace gases, such as NO, SO, and HCHO. However, since the difficulties in deducting the effects of stratospheric ozone, there are few studies on the retrieval of tropospheric ozone profiles using MAX-DOAS measurements.

Resonant photoacoustic spectrometer enhanced by multipass absorption for detecting atmospheric CH at the ppb-level.

A resonant photoacoustic spectrometer (PAS) was developed for detecting trace atmospheric CH. The sensitivity of the PAS was significantly increased a Herriott-type multipass cell with a beam pattern concentrated in the cavity. The effective optical pathlength of the PAS can be optimized to 6.

Duplex real-time fluorescent recombinase polymerase amplification for the rapid and sensitive detection of two resistance genes in drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

In the clinic, drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common suppurative infection pathogen in humans. It can cause local infections in humans and animals, such as pneumonia, mastitis, and other systemic illnesses.

Variability of PM and O concentrations and their driving forces over Chinese megacities during 2018-2020.

Recently, air pollution especially fine particulate matters (PM) and ozone (O) has become a severe issue in China. In this study, we first characterized the temporal trends of PM and O for Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Wuhan respectively during 2018-2020. The annual mean PM has decreased by 7.

A matter of the beehive sound: Can honey bees alert the pollution out of their hives?

Honey bees (Apis spp.) are often used as biological indicators of environmental changes. Recently, bees have been explored to monitor air contaminants by listening to the beehive sound.

Spatiotemporal variation and source analysis of air pollutants in the Harbin-Changchun (HC) region of China during 2014-2020.

This study analyzed the characteristics of air pollution and specific pollution periods within the Harbin-Changchun (HC) metropolitan area during 2014-2020. Regarding annual, seasonal, and monthly variations of the six pollutants, the change trend in 11 cities of HC showed strong consistency in spatial distribution. The western cities (Songyuan, Daqing, and Siping) were vulnerable to dust storms from Inner Mongolia.

Investigation of crystal field effects for the spectral broadening of Yb-doped Lu Y O sesquioxide crystals.

The investigation of crystal field effects is significant for elucidating the spectral characteristics of Yb-doped sesquioxide crystals for ultrafast laser generation. The narrow spectra of Yb-doped single sesquioxide crystals limit the generation of ultrafast lasers; in this study, the Y ions were introduced into LuO single crystals by the employment of ion replacement to broaden the spectra. To analyze the spectral broadening, the responsible crystal field parameters (CFPs) were calculated.

Spatiotemporal characterization of aerosols and trace gases over the Yangtze River Delta region, China: impact of trans-boundary pollution and meteorology.

Background: The spatiotemporal variation of observed trace gases (NO, SO, O) and particulate matter (PM, PM) were investigated over cities of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region including Nanjing, Hefei, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Furthermore, the characteristics of different pollution episodes, i.e.

Vertical profiles of the transport fluxes of aerosol and its precursors between Beijing and its southwest cities.

The influence of regional transport on aerosol pollution has been explored in previous studies based on numerical simulation or surface observation. Nevertheless, owing to inhomogeneous vertical distribution of air pollutants, vertical observations should be conducted for a comprehensive understanding of regional transport. Here we obtained the vertical profiles of aerosol and its precursors using ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) at the Nancheng site in suburban Beijing on the southwest transport pathway of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China, and then estimated the vertical profiles of transport fluxes in the southwest-northeast direction.

Using machine learning approach to reproduce the measured feature and understand the model-to-measurement discrepancy of atmospheric formaldehyde.

The solar absorption spectrometry in the infrared spectral region, using high-resolution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, has been established as a powerful tool in atmospheric science. These observations cannot be performed continuously, for example, clouds prevent observations. On the other hand, chemical transport models give continuously data.

Boosting Electrical Response toward Trace Volatile Organic Compounds Molecules via Pulsed Temperature Modulation of Pt Anchored WO Chemiresistor.

Insufficient limit of detection (LoD) toward volatile organic compounds (VOCs) hinders the promising applications of metal oxide chemiresistors in emerging air quality monitoring and/or breath analysis. There is an inherent limitation of widely adopted strategies of creating sensitive chemiresistors then operating at the optimized temperature via a continuous heating (CH) mode. Herein, a strategy combining Pt single atoms anchoring (chemical sensitization) with pulsed temperature modulation (PTM, physical sensitization) is proposed.

New Denoising Method for Lidar Signal by the WT-VMD Joint Algorithm.

Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) is an active remote sensing system. Lidar echo signal is non-linear and non-stationary, which is often accompanied by various noises. In order to filter out the noise and extract valid signal information, a suitable method should be chosen for noise reduction.

Effect of photooxidation on size distribution, light absorption, and molecular compositions of smoke particles from rice straw combustion.

Organic aerosol (OA) emitted from biomass burning (BB) impacts air quality and global radiation balance. However, the comprehensive characterization of OA remains poorly understood because of the complex evolutionary behavior of OA in atmospheric processes. In this work, smoke particles were generated from rice straw combustion.

Observations of atmospheric CO and CO based on in-situ and ground-based remote sensing measurements at Hefei site, China.

The characteristics of long time series of CO and CO surface concentrations, tropospheric and total column dry-air mole fractions (DMF) from May 2015 to December 2019 were investigated. Both CO and CO show different seasonality for the three datasets. The annual increasing trend of CO is similar for all three datasets.

Atmospheric aerosol particle size distribution from Lidar data based on the lognormal distribution mode.

Analysis of the atmospheric Aerosol Particle Size Distribution (APSD) retrieved from Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) data is one of the popular fields in atmospheric remote sensing. An APSD retrieval method based on the lognormal particle size distribution, the Mie theory, and the Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S) were studied. According to the 6S, this method divides the main body of the aerosols into four basic components and calculates the APSD from Lidar data and the optical and microphysical characteristics of these components.