Lerociclib plus fulvestrant in patients with HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who have progressed on prior endocrine therapy: LEONARDA-1 a phase III randomized trial.

Lerociclib (GB491), a highly selective oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, has displayed anti-tumor activity and differentiated safety and tolerability profile in previous ph1/2 clinical trials. The LEONARDA-1, a randomized, double-blind, phase III study, was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lerociclib in HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients, who had relapsed or progressed on prior endocrine therapy. A total of 275 patients were randomized at 1:1 ratio to receive lerociclib (137 patients, 150 mg twice daily) or placebo (138 patients) plus fulvestrant.

FTO effects the proliferation, invasion, and glycolytic metabolism of colon cancer by regulating PKM2.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), a genetic variant associated with obesity, significantly impact the energetic metabolism of mechanical tumors. However, research on the function of FTO in CRC is scarce.

Mechanism of - for treatment of primary liver cancer: analysis with network pharmacology, molecular docking and validation.

Objectives: To investigate the active ingredients in Hedyotis diffusa-Scutellaria barbata D. Don and the main biological processes and signaling pathways mediating their inhibitory effect on primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The core intersecting genes of HCC and the two drugs were screened from TCMSP, Uniport, Genecards, and String databases using Cytoscape software, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the intersecting genes were conducted.

Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 is associated with tumor microenvironment remodeling of bladder cancer.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) takes an essential part in the bladder cancer progression, which is associated with intercellular cross-talk between stroma cells and cancer. We aimed use bioinformatics tools to analyze tumor microenvironment remodeling in bladder cancer. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE are bioinformatics tools based on deconvolution for calculating proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and stromal components in TME.

High-throughput methylation sequencing reveals novel biomarkers for the early detection of renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy, with patients frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the absence of sufficiently sensitive detection technologies, significantly compromising patient survival and quality of life. Advances in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation profiling using liquid biopsies offer a promising non-invasive diagnostic option, but robust biomarkers for early detection are current not available. This study aimed to identify methylation biomarkers for RCC and establish a DNA methylation signature-based prognostic model for this disease.

Efficacy Analysis of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Oligometastatic Tumors: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Metastasis remains a major cause of death among patients with malignant tumors. Radiotherapy is one of the main modalities of cancer treatment. The rapid development of radiotherapy technology has enabled the widespread application of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) in clinical practice.

Efficacy and safety of chemotherapy combined with iodine-125 seed brachytherapy for intermediate and advanced oncogenic driver gene-negative non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness and safety of CT-guided iodine-125 seed brachytherapy in conjunction with chemotherapy against chemotherapy alone for the management of intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacking oncogenic driving genes.

Methods And Materials: Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 128 patients diagnosed with intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received iodine-125 combined with chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone due to the absence of oncogenic driver gene mutations. The patients in two groups were compared at 6-month follow-up for objective remission rate (ORR), Disease control rate (DCR), local progression-free survival (LPFS), overall survival (OS), clinical symptom improvement, and adverse events.

STAT3 orchestrates immune dynamics in hepatocellular carcinoma: A pivotal nexus in tumor progression.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a formidable challenge in oncology, attributed to its association with chronic liver diseases and global prevalence. The immune microenvironment profoundly influences HCC progression, balancing immune suppression and antitumor responses. The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is central to this equilibrium, orchestrating immune dynamics and intertwining tumor progression with immune evasion mechanisms.

Chronic NaAsO exposure promotes migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells by Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin/TCF4 axis-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Inorganic arsenic is a Class I human Carcinogen. However, the role of chronic inorganic arsenic exposure on prostate cancer metastasis still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of chronic NaAsO exposure on migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells.

Correlations of the expression of Cx43, SCF, p-cyclin E1 (Ser73), p-cyclin E1 (Thr77) and p-cyclin E1 (Thr395) in colon cancer tissues.

Background: Previous cellular studies have demonstrated that elevated expression of Cx43 promotes the degradation of cyclin E1 and inhibits cell proliferation through ubiquitination. Conversely, reduced expression results in a loss of this capacity to facilitate cyclin E degradation. The ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin E1 may be associated with phosphorylation at specific sites on the protein, with Cx43 potentially enhancing this process by facilitating the phosphorylation of these critical residues

Aim: To investigate the correlation between expression of Cx43, SKP1/Cullin1/F-box (SCF), p-cyclin E1 (ser73, thr77, thr395) and clinicopathological indexes in colon cancer.

Insights from immunomics and metabolomics on the associations between prostatic diseases and coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: The causal associations and potential mechanisms between prostatic diseases, the predominant male urological disorders, and the course of COVID-19 remain unclear.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate causal associations between prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostatitis and different COVID-19 outcomes (SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalized COVID-19, and severe COVID-19). Reverse MR, linkage disequilibrium score regression, and Bayesian colocalization analyses were subsequently performed to strengthen the identified causal relationships.

Safety and efficacy of mecapegfilgrastim in preventing neutropenia in patients with head and neck cancer: a multicenter, prospective, observational, real-world study.

Background: Mecapegfilgrastim, a long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, is approved in China for neutropenia prevention. However, data on its safety and efficacy in patients with head and neck cancer remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mecapegfilgrastim in preventing neutropenia among these patients undergoing chemotherapy, particularly those receiving chemoradiotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy.

Emerging role of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks among the top five most diagnosed cancers globally, with particularly high incidence and mortality rates observed in Asian regions. Despite certain advancements achieved through early screening and treatment strategies in many countries, GC continues to pose a significant public health challenge. Approximately 20% of patients infected with develop precancerous lesions, among which metaplasia is the most critical.

Zinc nanoparticles from oral supplements accumulate in renal tumours and stimulate antitumour immune responses.

A successful therapeutic outcome in the treatment of solid tumours requires efficient intratumoural drug accumulation and retention. Here we demonstrate that zinc gluconate in oral supplements assembles with plasma proteins to form ZnO nanoparticles that selectively accumulate into papillary Caki-2 renal tumours and promote the recruitment of dendritic cells and cytotoxic CD8 T cells to tumour tissues. Renal tumour targeting is mediated by the preferential binding of zinc ions to metallothionein-1X proteins, which are constitutively overexpressed in Caki-2 renal tumour cells.

A Multimodal Model Based on Transvaginal Ultrasound-Based Radiomics to Predict the Risk of Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to develop a predictive model for peritoneal metastasis (PM) in ovarian cancer using a combination radiomics and clinical biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study of 619 ovarian cancer patients involved demographic data, radiomics, O-RADS standardized description, clinical biomarkers, and histological findings. Radiomics features were extracted using 3D Slicer and Pyradiomics, with selective feature extraction using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression.

PIM1 enhances insulin secretion and inhibits ferroptosis of high glucose-induced pancreatic β-cells through strengthening PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy via inactivating JNK/p38 signaling pathway.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, is characterized by long-term hyperglycemia resulting from the defect of insulin production and insulin resistance. The damage and dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells is a main link in DM development.

Methods: In this work, pancreatic β-cell line INS-1E cells were exposed to 30 mM glucose for 48 h to construct an in vitro DM model.

A Mitochondria-Related Signature in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Prognosis, Immune and Therapeutic Features.

Background: Distinctive heterogeneity characterizes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one of the most frequent types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mitochondria have been demonstrated to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and progression, particularly in DLBCL.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to identify the prognostic mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in DLBCL, and to develop a risk model based on MRGs and machine learning algorithms.

Effect of Dendrobium Officinale on Radioactive Oral Mucositis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Changes of Oral Microecology.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Dendrobium officinale in the treatment of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, and to explore its regulating effect on immune function and oral microbiota by comparing immune-related factors and oral microbiota before and after the intervention.

Methods: We conducted a randomized double-blinded controlled trial in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. Sixty patients with nasopharyngeal cancer combined with radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis were randomly divided into a study group and control group, with 30 cases in each group The study group used compound vitamin B12 solution and Dendrobium tea drink, and the control group simply used compound vitamin B12 solution rinse.

PSMA-Targeted Intracellular Self-Assembled Probe for Enhanced PET Imaging.

Positron-emission tomography (PET) offers high sensitivity for cancer diagnosis. However, small-molecule-based probes often exhibit insufficient accumulation in tumor sites, while nanoparticle-based agents typically have limited delivery efficiency. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel PET imaging probe, Ga-CBT-PSMA, designed for prostate cancer.

Simultaneous Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide and Peroxynitrite Dysregulation with a Sequentially Activated Fluorescent Probe in Ulcerative Colitis Disease.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), often referred to as "green cancer", is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with an unclear etiology, closely associated with the imbalance of hydrogen sulfide (HS) and peroxynitrite (ONOO). HS exhibits anti-inflammatory effects at physiological levels, but excessive concentrations can compromise the intestinal barrier, while ONOO aggravates inflammation. To facilitate the molecular-level monitoring of these compounds in UC, we developed a novel fluorescent probe, , capable of simultaneously detecting HS and ONOO via distinct fluorescent channels in a cascade mode.

Predictive value of dendritic cell-related genes for prognosis and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) receiving drug treatment often have an unpredictive response and there is a lack of effective methods to predict treatment outcome for patients. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a significant role in the tumor microenvironment and the DCs-related gene signature may be used to predict treatment outcome. Here, we screened for DC-related genes to construct a prognostic signature to predict prognosis and response to immunotherapy in LUAD patients.

Nonacademic predictors of China medical licensing examination.

Background: National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) is the entrance exam for medical practice in China, and its general medical knowledge test (GMKT) evaluates abilities of medical students to comprehensively apply medical knowledge to clinical practice. This study aimed to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance, which would benefit medical schools in designing appropriate strategies and techniques to facilitate the transition from medical students to qualified medical practitioners.

Methods: In 1202 medical students, we conducted the deletion-substitution-addition (DSA) and structural equation model (SEM) analyses to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance from 98 candidate variables including early life events, physical conditions, psychological and personality assessments, cognitive abilities, and socioeconomic conditions.

Catalytic-independent functions of the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC) confer sensitivity to BET inhibition.

Chromatin and transcription regulators are critical to defining cell identity through shaping epigenetic and transcriptional landscapes, with their misregulation being closely linked to oncogenesis. Pharmacologically targeting these regulators, particularly the transcription-activating BET proteins, has emerged as a promising approach in cancer therapy, yet intrinsic or acquired resistance frequently occurs, with poorly understood mechanisms. Here, using genome-wide CRISPR screens, we find that BET inhibitor efficacy in mediating transcriptional silencing and growth inhibition depends on the auxiliary/arm/tail module of the Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC), a global regulator of RNA polymerase II pause-release dynamics.

Bisphenol A exacerbates colorectal cancer progression through enhancing ceramide synthesis.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a typical environmental endocrine disruptor which have been broadly confirmed to be associated with malignant tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Lipid metabolism reprogramming performed important biological effects in cancer progression. While the role of lipid metabolism in CRC progression upon BPA exposure remain elusive.