Comparing and assessing physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines for different populations with and without chronic conditions and/or disabilities: a systematic review protocol.

Physical activity guidelines targeting different populations with and without chronic diseases or disabilities are required to meet the diverse functional and physiological needs experienced by different subgroups of people to achieve optimal health benefits. As the importance of physical activity guidelines in promoting optimal health and well-being becomes increasingly recognised, there is a critical need for their systematic evaluation to ensure they remain effective, applicable and aligned with evolving health needs and scientific insights. This study aims to systematically review, critically evaluate, and compare global physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines on frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise for adults, pregnant and postpartum women, and people living with chronic conditions and/or disabilities.

Trends in tuberculosis and inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in Brazil, 2018-2022.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, causing 1.5 million deaths annually. We conducted an ecological analysis to examine TB prevalence in Brazil from 2018 to 2022, focusing on its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) and its inequality-adjusted version HDI (IHDI).

Validity of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome with Mother and Father Ratings of Brazilian Children: Replication of Northern Hemisphere Findings in South America.

Although the Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) scale has demonstrated validity relative to the CABI attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattention (ADHD-IN) scale with parent ratings of youth from North America, Europe, East Asia, and Central Asia, no study has evaluated the validity of the 15 symptom CDS scale with children from South America. Our purpose was to examine for the first time the validity of the CABI CDS scale with Brazilian children. Latent variable modeling procedures were used to examine the validity of CDS scores.

Revisiting Left Atrial Appendage Closure Versus Oral Anticoagulants in Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation Management: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant public health problem due to its association with coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality, especially in the elderly. Therefore, traditional warfarin therapy, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), and the recent left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) have been compared as treatment approaches. In this regard, we aimed to synthesize the current evidence regarding the comparison these mentioned modalities in patients with AF.

From science to society: Exploring the nexus between obesity research and public awareness in Brazil.

Raising public awareness about the medical aspects of obesity is crucial in Brazil, given its escalating prevalence. This study investigated the correlation between scientific research on obesity in the country and public awareness by scrutinizing scientific publications and online search trends. Scientific data were sourced from Dimensions, while online engagement data were extracted from Google Trends.

Effects of Laser Acupuncture on Metabolic Functions of Sedentary People: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Laser acupuncture regulates energy flow and restores body fluid metabolism. To evaluate the effects of the laser acupuncture protocol (LAP) on hepatic and renal metabolism in sedentary people. Longitudinal, double-blind, and randomized clinical trial with 29 participants, adults, both sexes, sedentary, without pre-existing metabolic diseases, subdivided into control and laser groups.

Quantifying the Transition from Unconscious to Conscious Detection of Temporal Patterns in Vigilance Tasks: A Unique Adaptation of Mackworth's Clock Test.

This study investigates the cognitive mechanisms underlying vigilance and pattern recognition using a novel adaptation of Mackworth's Clock Test. We aimed to quantify the time it takes for temporal patterns detected unconsciously through implicit learning to surface in the conscious mind within a dynamic vigilance task environment. Forty-eight participants detected random and non-disclosed rhythmic anomalous clock hand movements in this setting.

High-frequency chest wall oscillation devices: An umbrella review and bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: High-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) devices are used to improve airway clearance in various respiratory conditions. This study comprehensively assesses the evidence on efficacy and safety and identifies trends in scientific publications and patents across geographic regions.

Methods: This study utilized an integrated approach, combining bibliographic and bibliometric research with artificial intelligence (AI) tools.

Antimicrobial and synergistic effects of lemongrass and geranium essential oils against , , and spp.

Background: The oral cavity harbors more than 700 species of bacteria, which play crucial roles in the development of various oral diseases including caries, endodontic infection, periodontal infection, and diverse oral diseases.

Aim: To investigate the antimicrobial action of and essential oils against , and .

Methods: Minimum microbicidal concentration was determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute documents.

Unraveling the Interaction between Inflammation and the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Men: A Pilot Study.

Both cardiometabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases pose a significant challenge to global public health, particularly among older adults. Here, we investigated the interplay between systemic inflammatory status and the cardiometabolic index (CMI) in older men with adequate weight or obesity. In this observational cross-sectional study, older men (71.

Diet composition and plastic ingestion in Poecilia reticulata from urban streams.

Fish are excellent bioindicators and can reveal the presence of plastic in the environment. Diagnosing the composition and abundance of polymers in the fish diet makes it possible to evaluate their point sources and possible trophic transfers. We aimed to use the gastrointestinal contents of Poecilia reticulata in subtropical urban streams to detect the occurrence, shape, color, size, and chemical composition of polymers.

Efficacy and Safety of Radiofrequency-Based Renal Denervation on Resistant Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: New therapies for resistant hypertension (RH), including renal denervation (RDN), have been studied.

Aim: Access the safety and effectiveness of radiofrequency-based RDN vs pharmacological treatment for RH.

Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases, focusing on studies that compared the effects of radiofrequency-based RDN versus pharmacological treatment for RH.

Involvement of GPR43 Receptor in Effect of on Murine Steroid Resistant Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Relevance to Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress in Human Macrophages.

Background: Cytokine storm and oxidative stress are present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Individuals with COPD present high levels of NF-κB-associated cytokines and pro-oxidant agents as well as low levels of Nrf2-associated antioxidants. This condition creates a steroid-resistant inflammatory microenvironment.

Harnessing Voice Analysis and Machine Learning for Early Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: A Comparative Study Across Three Datasets.

Objective: This study evaluates the efficacy of voice analysis combined with machine learning (ML) techniques in enabling the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Voice data, phonation of the vowel "a," from three distinct datasets (two from the University of California Irvine ML Repository and one from figshare) for 432 participants (278 PD patients) were analyzed. We employed four ML models-Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting (GB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-alongside two ensemble methods (soft voting classifier-Ensemble Voting Classifier and stacking method-Ensemble Stacking Model (ESM)).

Intrathecal Morphine for Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Cardiac surgeries often result in significant postoperative pain, leading to considerable use of opioids for pain management. However, excessive opioid use can lead to undesirable side effects and chronic opioid use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether preoperative intrathecal morphine could reduce postoperative opioid consumption in patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring sternotomy.

Avalanche-assisted transient optical phenomenon in aggregated toluidine blue dye.

Pulse-modulated CW laser heat deposition modulates the darkness or the transparency of an aggregated medium in the high signal optical regimen. A recently reported work found that transient optical responses of molecular aggregates can be different depending on whether the sample is excited with a laser wavelength tuned within the absorption band of the monomer or within the absorption band of the aggregates. The different transient responses were attributed to different dynamic processes during the laser-induced disassembling of the molecular aggregates and may have implications in the field of organic electronics and optical devices, such as optical logical gates, optical power limiters and all-optical switching.

The effect of inherent and incidental constraints on bimanual force control in simulated Martian gravity.

The ability to coordinate actions between the limbs is important for many operationally relevant tasks associated with space exploration. A future milestone in space exploration is sending humans to Mars. Therefore, an experiment was designed to examine the influence of inherent and incidental constraints on the stability characteristics associated with the bimanual control of force in simulated Martian gravity.

Evidence for the druggability of aldosterone targets in heart failure: A bioinformatics and data science-driven decision-making approach.

Background: Aldosterone plays a key role in the neurohormonal drive of heart failure. Systematic prioritization of drug targets using bioinformatics and database-driven decision-making can provide a competitive advantage in therapeutic R&D. This study investigated the evidence on the druggability of these aldosterone targets in heart failure.