Physical activity and visual difficulties in 36 low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Data on the association between visual difficulty and physical activity (PA) from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the association between visual difficulty and PA among adults from 36 LMICs, and to assess the mediators in this association.

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, predominantly nationally representative data from the World Health Survey were analysed.

Visual, hearing, and dual sensory impairment are associated with higher depression and anxiety in women.

Objective: We investigated cross-sectional gender-specific associations with vision, hearing, and both (dual) impairment with depression and chronic anxiety using a large representative sample of Spanish adults.

Methods: The present study utilized data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017. A total of 23,089 adults (15-103 years, 45.

Association between food insecurity and depression among older adults from low- and middle-income countries.

Background: To examine the association between self-reported food insecurity and depression in 34,129 individuals aged ≥50 years from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa).

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. Self-reported past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food.

The association between objective vision impairment and mild cognitive impairment among older adults in low- and middle-income countries.

Aim: The association between visual impairment and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not been investigated to date. Thus, we assessed this association among older adults from six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (China, India, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa) using nationally representative datasets.

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed.

Association between sexual orientation and subjective cognitive complaints in the general population in England.

There is a scarcity of literature investigating the association between minority sexual orientations and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between identifying as a sexual minority and SCC in a large sample of adults from England. The study further aimed to identify the extent to which the association could be explained by several behavioral, psychological and clinical factors.

Association between Arthritis and Migraine: A US Nationally Representative Study Including 2649 Adults.

This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between arthritis and migraine in a large representative sample of the US adult population. The study used data from adults who participated in the RAND American Life Panel (ALP). Arthritis (excluding rheumatoid arthritis) and migraine were self-reported.

Systems approach to health service design, delivery and improvement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To systematically review the evidence base for a systems approach to healthcare design, delivery or improvement.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analyses.

Methods: Included were studies in any patients, in any healthcare setting where a systems approach was compared with usual care which reported quantitative results for any outcomes for both groups.

Responses to Low- and High-Intensity Exercise in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Relation to Their Level of VO Max.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of maximal oxygen uptake (VO max) on the glycemic changes during low and high intensity exercises in young type 1 diabetic patients. Twenty boys (age: 14.3 ± 1.

Stem cells for treatment of cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of randomized controlled trials.

Aims: Stem cells are a promising therapy for various medical conditions. The literature regarding their adoption for the clinical care of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still conflicting. Therefore, our aim is to assess the strength and credibility of the evidence on clinical outcomes and application of stem cells derived from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of intervention studies in CVD.

Mild cognitive impairment is associated with fall-related injury among adults aged ≥65 years in low- and middle-income countries.

Objectives: There is a scarcity of data on the association between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and falls, especially from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where 70% of all older adults reside. Thus, we investigated the association between MCI and fall-related injury among older adults residing in six LMICs (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa).

Design: Cross-sectional, community-based data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed.

Alcohol use and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study in a sample of UK adults.

Background: The aim was to examine the correlates of increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions that were implemented in a sample of UK adults.

Methods: This paper presents analyses of data from a cross-sectional study. Adults aged 18 years and over, residing in the UK and self-isolating from others outside their own household were eligible to participate.

Hand-Washing Practices among Adolescents Aged 12-15 Years from 80 Countries.

The objectives were to (1) assess the prevalence of hand-washing practices across 80 countries and (2) assess frequency of hand-washing practice by economic status (country income and severe food insecurity), in a global representative sample of adolescents. Cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2003-2017 were analyzed. Data on age, sex, hand-washing practices in the past 30 days, and severe food insecurity (i.

Prevalence, determinants and knowledge about herbal medicine and non-hospital utilisation in southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence, determinants, safety perceptions, effectiveness and knowledge of herbal medicines (HMs) and reasons for non-hospital utilisation.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Ekiti state, southwest Nigeria.

Weight perceptions in older adults: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Objectives: To explore weight perceptions in a large, nationally representative sample of older adults, and the extent to which they differ according to age and perceived health status.

Setting: England.

Participants: 5240 men and women (≥50 years old) participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2016/2017).

Thirty-five-year trend in the prevalence of refractive error in Austrian conscripts based on 1.5 million participants.

Background: To quantify the current burden of myopia and hyperopia in Austrian young men and the time trend of myopia in the past 35 years by individual and social correlates.

Method: We included data on all Austrian military conscripts from 1983 to 2017 (n=1 507 063) from six medical investigation stations. Young men provided data on education, weight and height for calculating body mass index, blood pressure and resting heart rate.

The profile of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in patients attending a specialist eye clinic in Hangzhou, China.

Background/aims: To examine the profile of diabetic retinopathy, awareness and self-help in patients attending a specialist eye clinic in Hangzhou, China.

Methods: A total of 199 consecutive patients with diabetes (mean age = 57 years, SD = 11) attending eye clinic at the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou were examined in a cross-sectional study. Clinical/demographic data were obtained from patients' records.

Confirming Maximal Oxygen Uptake: Is Heart Rate the Answer?

This study investigates heart rate (HR), in 11 young adults (22.4±3.21yr), at V̇O, to ascertain whether measured maximal heart rate (HR), as determined by a plateau in HR (HR), can reliably confirm V̇O.