Protective effects of adipose-derived stem cells against testicular injury induced after ischemia-reperfusion by regulating autophagy.

The damaged organ may experience severe pathological alterations as a result of tissue ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The study of stem cell-based repair therapies is actively being conducted, and the outcomes and therapeutic potential of these cells are both promising. Autophagy checks protein homeostasis by breaking down huge damaged proteins or organelles.

Acetate abates adipose-ovarian endocrinometabolic disturbance in experimentally induced polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Background: Besides ovarian dysfunction and infertility, individuals with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) also present a number of systemic disturbances including functional derangements in the adipose tissue which possibly aggravates the endocrinometabolic abnormality in PCOS. Epigenetic changes have been implicated in metabolic-related disorders including PCOS. However, its pathogenic involvement in adipose-ovarian dysfunction is unclear.

[Effects of different fractions of Polygonati Rhizoma on reproductive dysfunction in male mice with kidney essence deficiency].

This study aims to reveal the effects and mechanisms of different fractions of Polygonati Rhizoma on the reproductive dysfunction in male mice with kidney essence deficiency due to excess of sexual intercourse. Fifty male ICR mice with good sexual function were selected and randomized into normal(NC), model(MC), n-butanol fraction of Polygonati Rhizoma(0.4 g·kg~(-1), HJCT), remaining fraction of Polygonati Rhizoma(0.

Is vitamin D deficiency a more frequent finding in hirsutism or not?

Evidence shows that vitamin D (Vit D) insufficiency is associated with some hormonal disorders. Hirsutism is a prevalent hormonal condition, which is usually associated with excess of androgenic hormones. Disturbance of Vit D level affects the regulation of these hormones and may be associated with hirsutism.

The effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on anthropometric, hormonal, metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers in pre-and post-menopausal women: a prospective cohort of Saudi women.

Background: The menopausal transition significantly affects cardiometabolic health, primarily due to changes in reproductive hormones, particularly decreased estrogen levels and relative androgen excess. Adult Muslim women, both pre-and post-menopausal, are mandated to observe Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) every year. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate RIF's effects on pre-menopausal (PRE-M) and post-menopausal (POST-M) healthy women's cardiometabolic health markers.

Implications of prenatal exposure to hyperandrogen for hippocampal neurodevelopment and autism-like behavior in offspring.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly jeopardizes the physical and mental well-being of children. Autism spectrum disorder results from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Hyperandrogenic exposure during pregnancy increases their risk of developing autism.

Adult Height Following Prepubertal Treatment With Antiandrogen, Aromatase Inhibitor, and Reduced Hydrocortisone in CAH.

Context: Height outcome in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is suboptimal due to glucocorticoid and androgen excess.

Methods: In an open, randomized, controlled trial, children with classic CAH were randomized to receive a combination regimen of antiandrogen, aromatase inhibitor, reduced hydrocortisone, and fludrocortisone prior to puberty or standard therapy (hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone). Females continued on antiandrogen during puberty.

Skin Barrier Dysfunction in Acne Vulgaris: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches.

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the hair follicle-sebaceous gland unit and is the most common skin disorder worldwide. Although it can occur at any age, it predominantly affects young individuals, manifesting as comedones, papules, pustules, cysts, and nodules, primarily in the sebaceous-rich areas of the face, often in a symmetrical distribution. The development of acne vulgaris is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including sun exposure, skincare habits, diet, sleep patterns, and psychological stress, all of which can induce or exacerbate the condition.

Etiology of prostate cancer with the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion: A systematic review of risk factors.

The most common somatic alteration in primary prostate cancer is the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion, which may be caused or promoted by distinct etiologic factors. The objective of this systematic review was to assess epidemiologic evidence on etiologic factors for prostate cancer by tumor TMPRSS2:ERG fusion status in human populations. Of 3071 publications identified, 19 cohort or case-control studies from six distinct study populations were included in this systematic review.

Association Between Female Androgen Levels, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Disease: An NHANES Analysis (2013-2016).

Background: The impact of androgens on metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and long-term mortality in the general female population remains poorly understood. This study, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, seeks to elucidate the relationship between androgen levels and metabolic syndrome (MS), CVD, and mortality in adult women.

Methods: After excluding ineligible individuals, descriptive analyses were conducted on demographic characteristics, metabolic-related indicators, and disease prevalence, based on the presence of high androgenemia and androgen quartile grouping.

Virilization, Ovarian Hyperthecosis and Torsion Masquerading as Malignancy: A Case Report.

Background: Premenopausal females with signs of androgen excess and oligomenorrhea are commonly evaluated for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or for an androgen-secreting tumor if a pelvic mass is present. Ovarian hyperthecosis (OHT) as a cause of these symptoms in adolescents is rare.

Case: A 15-year-old female with primary amenorrhea and signs of virilization was referred to Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology after pelvic imaging demonstrated a pelvic mass, suspected to be arising from the right ovary, and an adjacent paratubal cyst.

Greater PGT-A utilization in IVF clinics does not improve live birth rates but relates to IVF center ownership: a preliminary report.

This study aims to assess whether increased utilization for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) relates to improved live birth rates in IVF and whether IVF clinic ownership relates to PGT-A utilization. In a retrospective cohort study involving > 90% of US IVF clinics reporting to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), stratified for ages (< 35, 35-37, 38-40, 41-42, and ≥ 43 years), and with reference point cycle start, we investigated whether PGT-A utilization related to live birth rates and ownership format as either physician-, academic/hospital/military, or equity/venture capital (VC) owned clinics. The lowest PGT-A-utilizing clinics reported significantly better live birth rates than the highest-utilizing clinics.

Musth cases in two captive male Asian elephants () in Korea.

Importance: When male elephants reach sexual maturity, they exhibit excessive sexual behaviors called musths. The musth period is important in the management of elephant herds. However, the timing of the musth and the effect of musth elephants on non-musth elephants in Korea have not been clearly analyzed.

Adipose Tissues Have Been Overlooked as Players in Prostate Cancer Progression.

Obesity is a common risk factor in multiple tumor types, including prostate cancer. Obesity has been associated with driving metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and increased mortality. The effect of adipose tissue on the tumor microenvironment is still poorly understood.

Innovative Approaches to Digital Health in Ovulation Detection: A Review of Current Methods and Emerging Technologies.

Ovulation is a vital sign, as significant as body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, in assessing overall health and identifying potential health issues. Ovulation is a key event of the menstrual cycle that provides insights into the hormonal and reproductive health aspects. Affected by the orchestra of hormones, namely thyroid, prolactin, and androgens, disruptions in ovulation can indicate endocrinological conditions and lead to gynecological problems, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular periods, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and difficulties in getting pregnant.

Pure Leydig cell tumor of the ovary: a rare presentation of a rare entity in a pregnant patient.

Leydig cell tumors (LCT) are rare neoplasms that represent less than 0.1% of all ovarian tumors. This tumor usually presents with signs and symptoms of excess androgen levels.

Proof of concept for a superior therapeutic index of corticosterone compared with hydrocortisone in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Objective: Outcomes are poor for patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), in part due to the supraphysiological glucocorticoid doses required to control adrenal androgen excess. Hydrocortisone (ie, cortisol) is the recommended glucocorticoid for treatment of CAH. However, the other endogenous glucocorticoid in humans, corticosterone, is actively transported out of metabolic tissues such as adipose tissue and muscle, so we hypothesized that corticosterone could control adrenal androgens while causing fewer metabolic adverse effects than hydrocortisone.