Nutritional Status and Functional Outcomes in Older Adults Admitted to Geriatric Rehabilitations: The SAFARI Study.

Evidence about the role of nutritional status (NS) on functional outcomes (FO) after rehabilitation in older adults is scarce. Our aim was to analyze the association between NS and FO in older adults admitted to geriatric rehabilitation units. The Sarcopenia And Function in Aging Rehabilitation (SAFARI) multicenter study enrolled patients aged ≥65 years admitted to geriatric rehabilitation units in Italy and Spain.

25(OH) vitamin D and functional outcomes in older adults admitted to rehabilitation units: the safari study.

Unlabelled: Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency is associated with poor physical performance; little is known about its impact on geriatric rehabilitation. We found a positive non-linear relationship between 25(OH)D and functional gain, stronger in levels < 16 ng/ml (below the cutoff for "deficiency"). An early 25(OH)D dosage may be advisable for this population.

Impairments in balance and mobility identify delirium in patients with comorbid dementia.

ABSTRACTDiagnosing delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) remains challenging because of a lack of specific tools, though motor dysfunction in delirium has been relatively under-explored. This study aimed to use dysfunction in balance and mobility (with the Hierarchical Assessment of Balance And Mobility: HABAM) to identify DSD. This is a cross-sectional multicenter study, recruiting consecutive patients ≥70 years admitted to five acute or rehabilitation hospitals in Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Switzerland.

Delirium Monitoring in Neurocritically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: The Society of Critical Care Medicine recommends routine delirium monitoring, based on data in critically ill patients without primary neurologic injury. We sought to answer whether there are valid and reliable tools to monitor delirium in neurocritically ill patients and whether delirium is associated with relevant clinical outcomes (e.g.

Delirium Subtypes and Associated Characteristics in Older Patients With Exacerbation of Chronic Conditions.

Objective: The prevalence and prognosis of delirium motor subtypes are not yet well established. We analyzed the prevalence of motor subtypes of delirium, as well as their risk factors and outcomes, among older vulnerable patients admitted for short-term management of exacerbated chronic conditions.

Methods: Cohort study of patients aged 65 and older who developed delirium while admitted to a subacute care unit for 12 months (N = 352).

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Delirium in Older Patients Admitted to Postacute Care with and without Dementia.

Background: Delirium research is poorly studied in postacute care, a growing setting due to aging populations, as well as in dementia, a critical risk factor for delirium and particularly prevalent in postacute care. We investigated risk factors for delirium and its outcomes in older adults with and without dementia admitted to a subacute care unit (SCU) after exacerbated chronic conditions.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study including patients ≥65 years old admitted to an SCU for 12 months.

Development of dementia in patients with femoral neck fracture who experience postoperative delirium-A three-year follow-up study.

Objectives: It remains unclear to what extent postoperative delirium (POD) affects the incidence of dementia in hip fracture patients, and the methods used to detect delirium and dementia require validation. The aim of this study was to investigate the development of dementia within 3 years of femoral neck fracture repair surgery, with a focus on POD as a potential predictive factor.

Methods: Patients were assessed for cognition, delirium, depression, psychological well-being, and nutritional status during their hospitalization as well as 4, 12, and 36 months after the operation.

Worldwide Survey of the "Assessing Pain, Both Spontaneous Awakening and Breathing Trials, Choice of Drugs, Delirium Monitoring/Management, Early Exercise/Mobility, and Family Empowerment" (ABCDEF) Bundle.

Objectives: To assess the knowledge and use of the Assessment, prevention, and management of pain; spontaneous awakening and breathing trials; Choice of analgesia and sedation; Delirium assessment; Early mobility and exercise; and Family engagement and empowerment (ABCDEF) bundle to implement the Pain, Agitation, Delirium guidelines.

Design: Worldwide online survey.

Setting: Intensive care.

The intensive care delirium research agenda: a multinational, interprofessional perspective.

Delirium, a prevalent organ dysfunction in critically ill patients, is independently associated with increased morbidity. This last decade has witnessed an exponential growth in delirium research in hospitalized patients, including those critically ill, and this research has highlighted that delirium needs to be better understood mechanistically to help foster research that will ultimately lead to its prevention and treatment. In this invited, evidence-based paper, a multinational and interprofessional group of clinicians and researchers from within the fields of critical care medicine, psychiatry, pediatrics, anesthesiology, geriatrics, surgery, neurology, nursing, pharmacy, and the neurosciences sought to address five questions: (1) What is the current standard of care in managing ICU delirium? (2) What have been the major recent advances in delirium research and care? (3) What are the common delirium beliefs that have been challenged by recent trials? (4) What are the remaining areas of uncertainty in delirium research? (5) What are some of the top study areas/trials to be done in the next 10 years? Herein, we briefly review the epidemiology of delirium, the current best practices for management of critically ill patients at risk for delirium or experiencing delirium, identify recent advances in our understanding of delirium as well as gaps in knowledge, and discuss research opportunities and barriers to implementation, with the goal of promoting an integrated research agenda.

Detecting delirium superimposed on dementia: diagnostic accuracy of a simple combined arousal and attention testing procedure.

Background: Detecting delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) can be challenging because assessment partly relies on cognitive tests that may be abnormal in both conditions. We hypothesized that a combined arousal and attention testing procedure would accurately detect DSD.

Methods: Patients aged ≥70 years were recruited from five hospitals across Europe.

Are you Ernest Shackleton the polar explorer? Refining the criteria for delirium and brain dysfunction in sepsis.

The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock has recently defined sepsis as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Organ dysfunctions in this consensus definition were identified as an organ-specific Sequential [Sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥ 2 points. The quick SOFA (qSOFA) considers altered mentation indicating brain dysfunction when the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is ≤13 or ≤14.

The Diagnosis of Delirium Superimposed on Dementia: An Emerging Challenge.

Delirium occurring in patients with dementia is referred to as delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD). People who are older with dementia and who are institutionalized are at increased risk of developing delirium when hospitalized. In addition, their prior cognitive impairment makes detecting their delirium a challenge.

Detecting Delirium Superimposed on Dementia: Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale.

Objectives: Delirium disproportionately affects patients with dementia and is associated with adverse outcomes. The diagnosis of delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD), however, can be challenging due to several factors, including the absence of caregivers or the severity of preexisting cognitive impairment. Altered level of consciousness has been advocated as a possible useful indicator of delirium in this population.

Delirium superimposed on dementia: A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of informal caregivers and health care staff experience.

Objective: Delirium superimposed on dementia is common and potentially distressing for patients, caregivers, and health care staff. We quantitatively and qualitatively assessed the experience of informal caregiver and staff (staff nurses, nurse aides, physical therapists) caring for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia.

Methods: Caregivers' and staff experience was evaluated three days after delirium superimposed on dementia resolution (T0) with a standardized questionnaire (quantitative interview) and open-ended questions (qualitative interview); caregivers were also evaluated at 1-month follow-up (T1).

Delirium superimposed on dementia: A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of patient experience.

Objective: Delirium superimposed on dementia is common and is associated with adverse outcomes. Yet little is known about the patients' personal delirium experiences. We used quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the delirium superimposed on dementia experience among older patients.

The Association Between the Probability of Sarcopenia and Functional Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing In-Hospital Rehabilitation.

Objective: Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome with a prevalence ranging from 5% to 50% in community-dwelling adults. It is associated with adverse outcomes including worse functional status, falls, and mortality. A paucity of studies have included an assessment of sarcopenia among older adults receiving in-hospital rehabilitation.

Association between statin use at admission to inpatient rehabilitation and functional status at discharge among older patients.

The effect of statins on functional status in older patients is unclear. Statins might carry a deleterious effect on muscle function leading to myopathy and therefore affecting functional recovery. We evaluated the relationship between statin exposure at in-hospital rehabilitation admission and functional outcome at discharge.

Delirium superimposed on dementia strongly predicts worse outcomes in older rehabilitation inpatients.

Objective: Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is common in many settings. Nonetheless, little is known about the association between DSD and clinical outcomes. The study aim was to evaluate the association between DSD and related adverse outcomes at discharge from rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up in older inpatients undergoing rehabilitation.

Vitamin D and delirium in critically ill patients: a preliminary investigation.

Purpose: The pathophysiology of delirium in critical illness is unclear. 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD) has neuroprotective properties but a relationship between serum 25-OHD and delirium has not been examined. We tested the hypothesis that low serum 25-OHD is associated with delirium during critical illness.