Developing Topics.

Background: The rapid development of blood-based biomarkers (BBMs) has improved Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnostics with some tests now potentially suitable for clinical use. This aligns with the clinical availability of anti-Aβ immunotherapies for early symptomatic AD, where BBMs can help address the increasing need for more rapid and early diagnosis. Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) can help guide healthcare professionals in incorporating BBMs into their clinical practice.

Effectiveness of bi-monthly long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine as maintenance treatment for HIV-1 in the Netherlands: results from the Dutch ATHENA national observational cohort.

Background: Real-world data showing the long-term effectiveness of long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine are scarce. We assessed the effectiveness of cabotegravir and rilpivirine in all individuals who switched to cabotegravir and rilpivirine in the Netherlands.

Methods: We used data from the ATHENA cohort, an ongoing observational nationwide HIV cohort in the Netherlands.

Oral and intranasal aspirin desensitisation for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease.

Background: NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, accompanied by chronic rhinosinusitis (with or without nasal polyps) or asthma. The prevalence of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs is estimated to be 2%. The first line of treatment is the avoidance of NSAIDs.

The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Undiagnosed Diabetes in Periodontitis Patients and Non-Periodontitis Controls in a Dental School.

: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major global health concerns, and they often go undetected. Periodontitis shares risk factors and is associated with both conditions. Assessing MetS risk factors among dental patients, especially those with periodontitis, may contribute to early detection and prompt treatment.

Prognostic significance of serum complement activation, neutrophil extracellular traps and extracellular DNA in newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer.

Purpose: We observed that the tumor microenvironment (TME) in metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and in other solid tumors can reprogram normal neutrophils to acquire a complement-dependent suppressor phenotype characterized by inhibition of stimulated T cell activation. This study aims to evaluate whether serum markers of neutrophil activation and complement at diagnosis of EOC would be associated with clinical outcomes.

Experimental Design: We conducted a two-center prospective study of patients with newly diagnosed EOC (N = 188).

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Dutch Dentists on Oral Leukoplakia and Their Possible Role in Its Follow-Up.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Dutch dentists on oral leukoplakia (OL) and to what extent these aspects are related to whether or not dentists regularly monitor patients with OL.

Material And Methods: A self-developed questionnaire was distributed via a web survey among a sample of dentists participating in an intervision program. Of 1626 invited dentists, 437 (26.

The impact of common and rare genetic variants on bradyarrhythmia development.

To broaden our understanding of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disease, we performed common variant genome-wide association analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals and rare variant burden testing in 460,000 individuals for sinus node dysfunction (SND), distal conduction disease (DCD) and pacemaker (PM) implantation. We identified 13, 31 and 21 common variant loci for SND, DCD and PM, respectively.

Integrating genetic subtypes with PET scan monitoring to predict outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Next Generation Sequencing-based subtyping and interim- and end of treatment positron emission tomography (i/eot-PET) monitoring have high potential for upfront and on-treatment risk assessment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. We performed Dana Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) and LymphGen genetic subtyping for the HOVON84 (n = 208, EudraCT-2006-005174-42) and PETAL (n = 204, EudraCT-2006-001641-33) trials retrospectively combined with DFCI genetic data (n = 304). For all R-CHOP treated patients (n = 592), C5/MCD- and C2/A53-subtypes show significantly worse outcome independent of the international prognostic index.

Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive inherited retinal dystrophy, characterized by the degeneration of photoreceptors, presenting as a rod-cone dystrophy. Approximately 20-30% of patients with RP also exhibit extra-ocular manifestations in the context of a syndrome. This manuscript discusses the broad spectrum of syndromes associated with RP, pathogenic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, differential diagnoses, clinical management approaches, and future perspectives.

Sexual, relational, and psychological functioning in male partners of women with reported Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome-a case-control study.

Study Question: Do sexual, relational, and psychological functioning of male partners of women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome differ from male partners of women without MRKH syndrome?

Summary Answer: Male partners of women with MRKH syndrome did not significantly differ in sexual functioning but reported higher relational satisfaction and less anxiety than the control group.

What Is Known Already: To date, only a few studies have reported occasionally about sexual, psychological, and relational functioning of partners of women with MRKH syndrome. The results seem to suggest sexual satisfaction in these men, contrary to the more often reported insecurities in women with MRKH syndrome surrounding sexuality and relationships.

Factors associated with patients' demand for low-value care: a scoping review.

Background: Low-value care is unnecessary care that contributes to inefficient use of health resources and constitutes a considerable proportion of healthcare expenditures worldwide. Factors contributing to patients' demand for low-value care have often been overlooked and are dispersed in the literature. Therefore, the current study aimed to systematically summarize factors associated with patients' demand for low-value care.

Flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation versus a GnRH antagonist protocol in predicted suboptimal responders undergoing freeze-all cycles: a randomized non-inferiority trial.

Study Question: Are live birth rates (LBRs) per woman following flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (fPPOS) treatment non-inferior to LBRs per woman following the conventional GnRH-antagonist protocol in expected suboptimal responders undergoing freeze-all cycles in assisted reproduction treatment?

Summary Answer: In women expected to have a suboptimal response, the 12-month likelihood of live birth with the fPPOS treatment did not achieve the non-inferiority criteria when compared to the standard GnRH antagonist protocol for IVF/ICSI treatment with a freeze-all strategy.

What Is Known Already: The standard PPOS protocol is effective for ovarian stimulation, where medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is conventionally administered in the early follicular phase for ovulatory suppression. Recent retrospective cohort studies on donor cycles have shown the potential to prevent premature ovulation and maintain oocyte yields by delaying the administration of MPA until the midcycle (referred to as fPPOS), similar to GnRH antagonist injections.

Bayesian Reanalyses of the Trials TOMAHAWK and COACT.

Background: The timing of coronary angiography in patients with successfully resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and missing ST-segment elevations on the electrocardiogram has been investigated in 2 large randomized controlled trials, TOMAHAWK (Angiography After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation) and COACT (Coronary Angiography After Cardiac Arrest Trial). Both trials found neutral results for immediate vs delayed/selective coronary angiography on short-term all-cause mortality. The TOMAHAWK trial showed a tendency towards harm with immediate coronary angiography, though not statistically significant with traditional frequentist methods.

Does a Restrictive Diagnostic Work-up for Thyroid Nodules Lead to a Different Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patient Population? A Comparison Between Dutch and U.S. T1-T3 Patient Population.

Introduction: The 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend de-escalating surgical treatment for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We hypothesize that the Dutch PTC population might differ due to a restrictive diagnostic policy that mainly selects symptomatic and palpable thyroid nodules for further diagnostics, potentially selecting relatively more aggressive tumors. We aimed to describe the Dutch PTC population because differences in populations can have consequences for the adoption of foreign guidelines.

The effect of early warning scoring systems on adverse outcome in surgical patients: A systematic review.

Background: An early warning scoring system aims to detect clinical deterioration at an early stage and prevent failure-to-rescue in hospitalized patients. In this systematic review we studied the effect of an early warning scoring system on adverse outcome in surgical patients.

Methods: This review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA and the protocol of this review is registered at PROSPERO, under the registration number CRD42018107799.

Candida auris in Dutch hospitals: are we ready for it?

Background: Candida auris can cause nosocomial outbreaks and provides challenges concerning diagnosis, treatment, eradication and infection prevention. There are no Dutch standards or guidelines for C. auris, and current hospital practices are unknown.

Plasma transfusion in the intensive care unit.

Background: Current guidelines discourage prophylactic plasma use in non-bleeding patients. This study assesses global plasma transfusion practices in the intensive care unit (ICU) and their alignment with current guidelines.

Study Design And Methods: This was a sub-study of an international, prospective, observational cohort.

Vascular risk factors are associated with grey matter atrophy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Background: Comorbidities including vascular risk factors can be associated with whole and regional brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS). This has been examined in mixed MS cohorts in prospective or observational studies; however, the association between vascular comorbidities (VCM) in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and brain atrophy has been less well studied. The aim was to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between VCM, comorbidity burden and brain atrophy in SPMS.

Nutri-Score in the European Food Retail Supply: A Potential Incentive for Food Reformulation?

Background: To improve consumers' diet, policy measures such as food reformulation strategies and front-of-pack nutritional labels (FOPNLs) are implemented, aiming to guide consumers' food choice and to stimulate an improvement in food composition by manufacturers. The FOPNL Nutri-Score has been implemented in several European countries. Changes in food compositions in relation to the Nutri-Score over time have been limitedly studied.

Unraveling Sex Differences in Kidney Health and CKD: A Review of the Effect of Sex Hormones.

Sexual dimorphism plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of CKD. Men with CKD often exhibit faster kidney function decline, leading to higher rates of kidney failure and mortality compared with women. Studies suggest that sex hormones may influence this apparent dimorphism, although the mechanisms underlying these influences remain poorly understood.