Imaging alternatives to colonoscopy: CT colonography and colon capsule. European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) Guideline - Update 2020.

1. ESGE/ESGAR recommend computed tomographic colonography (CTC) as the radiological examination of choice for the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia. Strong recommendation, high quality evidence.

Development pattern of tracheal cartilage in human embryos.

Introduction: Congenital tracheal anomalies are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The etiology of congenital tracheal anomalies is not well understood, but often attributed to malformed tracheal cartilage. The development of tracheal cartilage has not been described in detail.

Open versus minimally invasive total gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: results of a European randomized trial.

Background: Surgical resection with adequate lymphadenectomy is regarded the only curative option for gastric cancer. Regarding minimally invasive techniques, mainly Asian studies showed comparable oncological and short-term postoperative outcomes. The incidence of gastric cancer is lower in the Western population and patients often present with more advanced stages of disease.

Increased primary care use for musculoskeletal symptoms, infections and comorbidities in the years before the diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis.

Objectives: Little is known about relevant events in the at-risk phase of rheumatoid arthritis before the development of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis (IA). The present study assessed musculoskeletal symptoms, infections and comorbidity in future IA patients.

Methods: In a nested case-control study using electronic health records of general practitioners, the frequency and timing of 192 symptoms or diseases were evaluated before a diagnosis of IA, using the International Classification of Primary Care coding system.

The dynamics of resting-state alpha oscillations predict individual differences in creativity.

The neuronal mechanisms underlying creativity are poorly understood. Arguably, the brain's ability to switch states would contribute to achieving novel ideas, and thus to creativity. Faster brain-state switching is reflected in the temporal dynamics of functional brain activity.

Comparing volumetric and biochemical assessment of intravasation caused by hysteroscopic surgery.

Background: During hysteroscopic surgery intravasation of irrigation fluid occurs, leading to potentially dangerous intravascular fluid overload. Currently, intravasation is usually measured volumetrically as fluid deficit. Intravasation could also be calculated using the decrease in hemoglobin or increase in chloride ion concentration, both phenomena known to result from intravasation.

Computerized fetal heart rate analysis in early preterm fetal growth restriction.

Objective: To assess the value of computerized cardiotocography (cCTG) with calculation of fetal heart rate (FHR) short-term variability (STV) in early preterm fetal growth restriction (FGR) for prevention of fetal death and neonatal asphyxia, neonatal morbidity, and 2-year neurodevelopmental impairment.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all women who were admitted to the Amsterdam University Medical Center-AMC between 2003 and 2015 due to FGR and/or pre-eclampsia, and who were delivered by prelabor Cesarean section, or had a fetal death, before 32 weeks' gestation. STV of all available cCTG registrations during the 5 days preceding fetal death or delivery was calculated retrospectively, and FHR decelerations were classified visually as absent, 1-2/h or recurrent (> 2/h).

Predictors of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes Among People Living With HIV: The D:A:D International Prospective Multicohort Study.

Background: Hypertension is a stronger predictor of hemorrhagic than ischemic strokes in the general population. We aimed to identify whether hypertension or other risk factors, including HIV-related factors, differ in their associations with stroke subtypes in people living with HIV (PLWHIV).

Methods: HIV-1-positive individuals from the Data collection on Adverse events of anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study were followed from the time of first blood pressure (BP) measurement after 1/1/1999 or study entry until the first of a validated stroke, 6 months after last follow-up or 1/2/2014.

ESPEN guideline on home enteral nutrition.

This guideline will inform physicians, nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, caregivers and other home enteral nutrition (HEN) providers about the indications and contraindications for HEN, and its implementation and monitoring. Home parenteral nutrition is not included but will be addressed in a separate ESPEN guideline. This guideline will also inform interested patients requiring HEN.

Early initiation of extracorporeal life support in refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Design and rationale of the INCEPTION trial.

Unlabelled: Return of spontaneous circulation occurs in less than 10% of patients with cardiac arrest undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for more than 15 minutes. Studies suggest that extracorporeal life support during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) improves survival rate in these patients. These studies, however, are hampered by their non-randomized, observational design and are mostly single-center.

International validation of the revised European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Head and Neck Cancer Module, the EORTC QLQ-HN43: Phase IV.

Background: We validated the new European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Head and Neck Module (EORTC QLQ-HN43).

Methods: We enrolled 812 patients with head and neck cancer from 18 countries. Group 1 completed the questionnaire before therapy, and 3 and 6 months later.