Carboplatin Dosing in Children Using Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: Equation Matters.

Renal function-based carboplatin dosing using measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) results in more consistent drug exposure than anthropometric dosing. We aimed to validate the Newell dosing equation using estimated GFR (eGFR) and study which equation most accurately predicts carboplatin clearance in children with retinoblastoma. In 13 children with retinoblastoma 38 carboplatin clearance values were obtained from individual fits using MWPharm++.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Liquid Biopsy in Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive collection of a patient body fluid sample. In oncology, they offer several advantages compared to traditional tissue biopsies. However, the potential of this method in endometrial cancer (EC) remains poorly explored.

Non-Invasive Assessment of Damping of Blood Flow Velocity Pulsatility in Cerebral Arteries With MRI.

Background: Damping of heartbeat-induced pressure pulsations occurs in large arteries such as the aorta and extends to the small arteries and microcirculation. Since recently, 7 T MRI enables investigation of damping in the small cerebral arteries.

Purpose: To investigate flow pulsatility damping between the first segment of the middle cerebral artery (M1) and the small perforating arteries using magnetic resonance imaging.

Pathology reporting of margin status in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: challenges and uncertainties.

Chemo(radio)therapy is becoming the new standard for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. In case of tumor regression on imaging, surgical resection can be undertaken, albeit often with the need for extended procedures. Reevaluation of the current routine pathology procedures is required to establish the appropriate histopathological approach of the resulting specimens.

Preferential and persistent impact of acute HIV-1 infection on CD4 iNKT cells in colonic mucosa.

Acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) results in the widespread depletion of CD4 T cells in peripheral blood and gut mucosal tissue. However, the impact on the predominantly CD4 immunoregulatory invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells during AHI remains unknown. Here, iNKT cells from peripheral blood and colonic mucosa were investigated during treated and untreated AHI.

Outcome Prediction Models for Endovascular Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: Systematic Review and External Validation.

Background And Purpose: Prediction models for outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke who will undergo endovascular treatment have been developed to improve patient management. The aim of the current study is to provide an overview of preintervention models for functional outcome after endovascular treatment and to validate these models with data from daily clinical practice.

Methods: We systematically searched within Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, to include prediction models.

The association between vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy and health-related quality of life in children with cancer.

Purpose: Vincristine (VCR) is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of pediatric oncology patients, but its main toxicity is VCR-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN). However, whether VIPN has an effect on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in children during treatment is unknown. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the association between VIPN and HR-QoL in children starting treatment for cancer.

The annual recurrence risk model for tailored surveillance strategy in patients with cervical cancer.

Purpose: Current guidelines for surveillance strategy in cervical cancer are rigid, recommending the same strategy for all survivors. The aim of this study was to develop a robust model allowing for individualised surveillance based on a patient's risk profile.

Methods: Data of 4343 early-stage patients with cervical cancer treated between 2007 and 2016 were obtained from the international SCCAN (Surveillance in Cervical Cancer) consortium.

The Effect of Dietary Interventions on Chronic Inflammatory Diseases in Relation to the Microbiome: A Systematic Review.

Chronic inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of various non-communicable diseases. Dietary interventions can reduce inflammation, in part due to their effect on the gut microbiome. This systematic review aims to determine the effect of dietary interventions, specifically fiber intake, on chronic inflammatory diseases and the microbiome.

Gastric acid suppression, lifestyle factors and intestinal carriage of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales: a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Gastric acid-suppressive therapy has been suggested to increase the risk for intestinal carriage of MDR Enterobacterales, but there is scarce community-based evidence substantiating this risk.

Objectives: To investigate if acid-suppressant use is associated with a risk of intestinal carriage of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) in the open population, and to assess possible modifying factors.

Methods: Within the framework of a nationwide seroprevalence study, we identified a population-based cross-sectional cohort comprising 2746 adults (≥18 years), who provided stool specimens between February 2016 and June 2017.

Vaccine Impact and Effectiveness of Meningococcal Serogroup ACWY Conjugate Vaccine Implementation in the Netherlands: A Nationwide Surveillance Study.

Background: In response to the recent serogroup W invasive meningococcal disease (IMD-W) epidemic in the Netherlands, meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) conjugate vaccination for children aged 14 months was replaced with a MenACWY conjugate vaccination, and a mass campaign targeting individuals aged 14-18 years was executed. We investigated the impact of MenACWY vaccination implementation in 2018-2020 on incidence rates and estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE).

Methods: We extracted IMD cases diagnosed between July 2014 and December 2020 from the national surveillance system.

Requirement of respiratory support in acute bronchiolitis in infants is linked to endothelial and neutrophil activation.

Background: Evidence shows that activation of pulmonary vascular endothelium and neutrophils are involved in the pathophysiology of acute bronchiolitis. We hypothesized that levels of markers of endothelial activation and leukocyte counts are associated with requirement and duration of respiratory support.

Methods: Thirty-four infants with bronchiolitis and eight controls were included.

Associations between testosterone and patient reported sexual outcomes among male and female head and neck cancer patients before and six months after treatment: A pilot study.

Objectives: To investigate associations between testosterone and patient reported sexual problems and need for sexual care in head and neck cancer patients at time of diagnosis and 6 months after treatment.

Patients And Methods: Data and samples were used of 40 patients (20 men, 20 women) before and 6 months after treatment. Outcome measures were total testosterone level (TT) and free testosterone index (FTI), testosterone insufficiency (TI), the EORTC QLQ-HN35 Sexuality subscale, the subscales of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and the Sexuality subscale of the Short-Form Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34).

Dietary Interventions in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

With no approved pharmacotherapy to date, the present therapeutic cornerstone for non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) is a lifestyle intervention. Guidelines endorse weight loss through dietary modifications, physical exercise, or both. However, no consensus exists on the optimal dietary treatment.

Validation and implementation of the Panbio COVID-19 Ag rapid test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in symptomatic hospital healthcare workers.

Background: RT-PCR is the current recommended laboratory method to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers (HCW). As RT-PCR is not widely available and is time-consuming, it limits decision making on removal from and return to work of possibly contagious HCW.

Aim: In this study we evaluated the Panbio™ COVID-19 Ag rapid test (PanbioCAgRT) in 825 hospital HCW.

Retrospective analysis of serum testosterone levels by LC-MS/MS in chemically castrated prostate cancer patients: Biological variation and analytical performance specifications.

Background: A sensitive liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used to monitor serum testosterone levels in castrated prostate cancer patients. We subsequently performed an observational and retrospective study to estimate the within- and between-subject biological variation of these patients.

Methods: In total, 474 samples from 72 prostate cancer patients in the Netherlands receiving either chemical castration (CAS) or castration plus enzalutamide (ENZA) treatment were selected for data analysis.

Hypothermic Machine Perfusion as a National Standard Preservation Method for Deceased Donor Kidneys.

Background: Recently, continuous nonoxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) has been implemented as standard preservation method for deceased donor kidneys in the Netherlands. This study was designed to assess the effect of the implementation of HMP on early outcomes after transplantation.

Methods: Kidneys donated in the Netherlands in 2016 and 2017 were intended to be preserved by HMP.

The effect of liraglutide and sitagliptin on oxidative stress in persons with type 2 diabetes.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists have shown cardioprotective effects which have been suggested to be mediated through inhibition of oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of treatment with a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (liraglutide) on oxidative stress measured as urinary nucleic acid oxidation in persons with type 2 diabetes. Post-hoc analysis of two independent, randomised, placebo-controlled and double-blinded clinical trials.

Shared genetic basis between genetic generalized epilepsy and background electroencephalographic oscillations.

Objective: Paroxysmal epileptiform abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG) are the hallmark of epilepsies, but it is uncertain to what extent epilepsy and background EEG oscillations share neurobiological underpinnings. Here, we aimed to assess the genetic correlation between epilepsy and background EEG oscillations.

Methods: Confounding factors, including the heterogeneous etiology of epilepsies and medication effects, hamper studies on background brain activity in people with epilepsy.