Comprehensive mapping of mutations in TDP-43 and α-Synuclein that affect stability and binding.

Abnormal aggregation and amyloid inclusions of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and α-Synuclein (α-Syn) are frequently co-observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Several reports showed TDP-43 C-terminal domain (CTD) and α-Syn interact with each other and the aggregates of these two proteins colocalized together in different cellular and animal models. Molecular dynamics simulation was conducted to elucidate the stability of the TDP-43 and Syn complex structure.

Chitosan and hyaluronic acid-based nanocarriers for advanced cancer therapy and intervention.

Cancer has become a major public health issue leading to one of the foremost causes of morbidity and death in the world. Despite the current advances in diagnosis using modern technologies and treatment via surgery or chemo- and radio-therapies, severe side effects or after-effects limit the application of these treatment modalities. Novel drug delivery systems have shown the potential to deliver chemotherapeutics directly to cancer cells, thus minimizing unnecessary exposure to healthy cells.

Formation of Self-Assembled Nanowires from Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Electro-Explosion of Wires Technique-Study of the Time-Dependent Structural and Functional Evolution.

We report here the formation of Cu nanowires (CuNWs) from Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) by a self-assembly process. The CuNPs were synthesized by the electro-explosion of wire (EEW) technique that included nonequilibrium processes for the synthesis. Structural evolution in terms of aggregation or nanowire formation in the samples was observed when the CuNPs were kept for a month after synthesis in a glass vial without the application of any external driving force.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in chronic liver diseases and its mitigation by medicinal plants.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in cell survival regulation, and its low levels may act as indicators to encourage cellular proliferation. In contrast, elevated levels of ROS may lead to apoptosis. Stability between generating and eliminating ROS allows the retention of effective functioning of redox-sensitive signaling proteins under physiologic conditions.

Adverse childhood experiences in mental health of young adults: An exploratory study from Delhi-NCR, India.

Background: Despite the growing realization regarding the importance of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adult health outcomes, this area of research has received little scientific attention in low- and middle-income countries, including India.

Aims: To understand the overall and domain-specific association of exposure to ACEs with current depression, anxiety, stress, and well-being among young adults of Delhi-NCR.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,812 young adults (aged 18-25 years) of both sexes (68.

Nano vs Resistant Tuberculosis: Taking the Lung Route.

Tuberculosis (TB) is among the top 10 infectious diseases worldwide. It is categorized among the leading killer diseases that are the reason for the death of millions of people globally. Although a standardized treatment regimen is available, non-adherence to treatment has increased multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensive drug-resistant (XDR) TB development.

Evaluation of Iris Kashmiriana Baker plant extracts against nociception and rheumatoid arthritis in experimental rats: A concept proof by In-silico model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Iris Kashmiriana Baker, a traditional medicinal plant, is native to Asia, found in India, Nepal, Afghanistan, Pakistan, as name indicates majorly it's found in Kashmir region of India. Ethnopharmacologically this plant has been used there for the management of joint pain, but there was no scientific literature available. This species also comes under critically endangered species.

Emulgels: a promising topical drug delivery system for arthritis management and care.

Background: Emulgels, hybrid formulations of emulsions and gels, offer distinct benefits viz. extended release, enhanced bioavailability, and targeted drug delivery to inflamed joints, thereby minimizing systemic side effects, and maximizing therapeutic efficacy in targeting the diseases. Oral medications and topical creams have limitations viz.

ABO and Rhesus blood group markers as predictors in colorectal cancer: A prospective observational study.

Numerous research studies have investigated the relationship between ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups and the risk of various cancers, yielding diverse findings. While these blood groups have been established as prognostic factors in some cancers, their relevance to colorectal cancer (CRC) remains uncertain. This research aims to determine the link between CRC and the ABO and Rh blood groups and explore any potential implications for disease survival.

A memory-based approach to model glorious uncertainties of love.

We propose a minimal yet intriguing model for a relationship between two individuals. The feeling of an individual is modeled by a complex variable and, hence, has two degrees of freedom [Jafari et al., Nonlinear Dyn.

Navigating the Post-COVID-19 Immunological Era: Understanding Long COVID-19 and Immune Response.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world unprecedentedly, with both positive and negative impacts. COVID-19 significantly impacted the immune system, and understanding the immunological consequences of COVID-19 is essential for developing effective treatment strategies. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively explore and provide insights into the immunological aspects of long COVID-19, a phenomenon where individuals continue to experience a range of symptoms and complications, even after the acute phase of COVID-19 infection has subsided.

A decade of USFDA-approved small molecules as anti-inflammatory agents: Recent trends and Commentaries on the "industrial" perspective.

Inflammation is the human body's defence process against various pathogens, toxic substances, irradiation, and physically injured cells that have been damaged. Inflammation is characterized by swelling, pain, redness, heat, as well as diminished tissue function. Multiple important inflammatory markers determine the prognosis of inflammatory processes, which include likes of pro-inflammatory cytokines which are controlled by nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, all of which are activated in response to the stimulation of specific receptors.

Synthesis, biological evaluation and studies of some new analogues of 3,5-vdisubstituted thiazolidin-2,4-dione.

A new series of 3,5-disubstituted thiazolidin-2,4-dione molecules were derived and characterized using various spectral techniques (H NMR, IR, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.) and physicochemical parameters. The molecules were derived using Knoevenagel condensation followed by Mannich reaction and further synthesized analogues were screened for their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging method and serial tube dilution method, respectively, along with studies (docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion parameters) to explore the drug-receptor interaction and druglikeness.

Understanding the feasibility of chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic targets against non-small cell lung cancers: an update of resistant responses and recent combinatorial therapies.

Despite consistent progress in prompt diagnosis and curative therapies in the last decade, lung cancer (LC) continues to threaten mankind, accounting for nearly twice the casualties compared to prostate, breast, and other cancers. Statistics associate ~25% of 2021 cancer-related deaths with LC, more than 80% of which are explicitly caused by tobacco smoking. Prevailing as small and non-small cell pathologies, with respective occurring frequency of nearly 15% and 80-85%, non-small cell LCs (NSCLCs) are prominently distinguished into lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), subtypes.

Molecular basis of phytochemical-gut microbiota interactions.

Dysbiosis-associated molecular pathology is significantly involved in developing and perpetuating metabolic disorders, disrupting host energy regulation, and triggering inflammatory signaling cascades, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunction. Concurrently, numerous phytoconstituents are able to interact with the gut microbiota and produce bioactive metabolites that influence host cellular pathways, inflammation, and metabolic processes. These effects include improved insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism regulation, and suppression of chronic inflammation, highlighting the therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents against metabolic abnormalities.

Fangchinoline inhibits SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV entry.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, lead to mild to severe respiratory illness and resulted in 6.9 million deaths worldwide. Although vaccines are effective in preventing COVID-19, they may not be sufficient to protect immunocompromised individuals from this respiratory illness.

Chitosan-based Schiff bases: Promising materials for biomedical and industrial applications.

There is plenty of scope for modifying chitosan, an only polycationic natural polysaccharide, owing to its reactive functional groups, namely hydroxyl and amino groups. Although innumerable numbers of chitosan derivatives have been synthesized by modifying these groups and reported elsewhere, in this review article, an attempt has been exclusively made to demonstrate the syntheses of various chitosan-based Schiff bases (CSBs) simply by allowing the reactions of reactive amino groups of chitosan with different aldehydes/ketones of interest. Due to their very peculiar and unique characteristics, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, metal-binding capability, etc.

Recent Development in the Search for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors based on the Indole Pharmacophore.

The signal transduction and cell proliferation are regulated by the epidermal growth factor receptor. The proliferation of tumor cells, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis is inhibited by the epidermal growth factor receptor. Thus, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, glioma, and bladder cancer can be treated by targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor.

Unraveling the relationship between the renin-angiotensin system and endometrial cancer: a comprehensive review.

Endometrial cancer (EC), the most common adenocarcinoma, represents 90% of uterine cancer in women with an increased incidence of occurrence attributed to age, obesity, hypertension, and hypoestrogenism. Being the most common gynecological malignancy in women, it shows a relation with the activation of different components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which is predominantly involved in maintaining blood pressure, salt, water, and aldosterone secretion, thereby playing a significant role in the etiology of hypertension. The components of the RAS, i.

Nano-approaches and Recent Advancements in Strategies to Combat Challenges Associated with Thyroid Cancer Therapies.

The prevalence of thyroid cancer (TC) is more common in women and is up to 43% in patients aged between 45-65 years. The battle against TC is hampered by the lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The effectiveness of surgical procedures, such as thyroidectomy and nutraceutical treatments, are accompanied by several difficulties and still require further research.

Assessment of meteorological parameters on air pollution variability over Delhi.

In this study, the relationships between meteorological parameters (relative humidity, wind speed, temperature, planetary boundary layer, and rainfall) and air pollutants (particulate matter and gaseous pollutants) have been evaluated during a 3-year period from 2019 to 2021. Diffusion and dispersion of air contaminants were significantly influenced by meteorology over the capital city. The results of correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) suggest a season's specific influence of meteorological parameters on atmospheric pollutants' concentration.

Hepatoprotective effects of natural drugs: Current trends, scope, relevance and future perspectives.

Background: The liver is a well-known player in the metabolism and removal of drugs. Drug metabolizing enzymes in the liver detoxify drugs and xenobiotics, ultimately leading to the acquisition of homeostasis. However, liver toxicity and cell damage are not only related to the nature and dosage of a particular drug but are also influenced by other factors such as aging, immune status, environmental contaminants, microbial metabolites, gender, obesity, and expression of individual genes Furthermore, factors such as drugs, alcohol, and environmental contaminants could induce oxidative stress, thereby impairing the regenerative potential of the liver and causing several diseases.

Nanotube breakthroughs: unveiling the potential of carbon nanotubes as a dual therapeutic arsenal for Alzheimer's disease and brain tumors.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and brain tumors are debilitating neurological conditions that pose significant challenges in current medical practices. Existing treatment options for AD primarily focus on symptom management, and brain tumors often require aggressive therapeutic approaches. Novel disease-modifying strategies and therapeutic agents are urgently needed to address the underlying causes of AD pathogenesis and improve brain tumor management.