Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: An Updated Policy Statement from the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Combustible tobacco use has reached historic lows, demonstrating the importance of proven strategies to reduce smoking since publication of the 1964 Surgeon General's report. In contrast, the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), specifically e-cigarettes, has grown to alarming rates and threatens to hinder progress against tobacco use. A major concern is ENDS use by youth and adults who never previously used tobacco.

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: An Updated Policy Statement From the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Combustible tobacco use has reached historic lows, demonstrating the importance of proven strategies to reduce smoking since publication of the 1964 Surgeon General's report. In contrast, the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), specifically e-cigarettes, has grown to alarming rates and threatens to hinder progress against tobacco use. A major concern is ENDS use by youth and adults who never previously used tobacco.

Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: To develop recommendations for treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods: ASCO convened an Expert Panel to conduct a systematic review of relevant studies and develop recommendations for clinical practice.

Results: Five systematic reviews and 10 randomized controlled trials met the systematic review inclusion criteria.

Exploring Bias in Scientific Peer Review: An ASCO Initiative.

Purpose: To investigate implicit bias (IB) in the peer review process across ASCO and Conquer Cancer Foundation and to propose potential mitigation strategies.

Materials And Methods: We, ASCO Working Group on Implicit Bias, selected four data sources: (1) literature search [(a) defining IB in peer review, (b) evidence of IB in peer review, and (c) strategies to mitigate IB]; (2) created and analyzed an ASCO database for sex, race, and institutional affiliation regarding peer review success; (3) constructed and conducted qualitative interviews of key stakeholders within the ASCO board, publications, and grants committee, on experience with IB within ASCO; and (4) constructed, delivered, and analyzed results of member survey on perception of IB within ASCO.

Results: Historically uncommon, PubMed articles on IB in peer review subsequently increased exponentially in the past 2 decades.

Augmenting control arms with real-world data for cancer trials: Hybrid control arm methods and considerations.

Background: Hybrid controlled trials with real-world data (RWD), where the control arm is composed of both trial and real-world patients, could facilitate research when the feasibility of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is challenging and single-arm trials would provide insufficient information.

Methods: We propose a frequentist two-step borrowing method to construct hybrid control arms. We use parameters informed by a completed randomized trial in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer to simulate the operating characteristics of dynamic and static borrowing methods, highlighting key trade-offs and analytic decisions in the design of hybrid studies.

Secondary Prevention of Cervical Cancer: ASCO Resource-Stratified Guideline Update.

Purpose: To update resource-stratified, evidence-based recommendations on secondary prevention of cervical cancer globally.

Methods: American Society of Clinical Oncology convened a multidisciplinary, multinational Expert Panel to produce recommendations reflecting four resource-tiered settings. A review of existing guidelines, formal consensus-based process, and modified ADAPTE process to adapt existing guidelines was conducted.

Oncologists' Perspectives on Individualizing Dose Selection for Patients With Metastatic Cancer.

Purpose: Treatment goals for patients with metastatic cancer include prolongation and maintenance of quality of life. Patients and oncologists have questioned the current paradigm of initial dose selection for systemic therapy; however, data on oncologists' dose selection strategies and beliefs are lacking.

Methods: We conducted an electronic international survey of medical oncologists who treat patients with breast and/or gastrointestinal cancers.

Integrative Medicine for Pain Management in Oncology: Society for Integrative Oncology-ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: The aim of this joint guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and other health care providers on integrative approaches to managing pain in patients with cancer.

Methods: The Society for Integrative Oncology and ASCO convened an expert panel of integrative oncology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, palliative oncology, social sciences, mind-body medicine, nursing, and patient advocacy representatives. The literature search included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published from 1990 through 2021.

Systemic Therapy Update on Lutetium-PSMA-617 for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: ASCO Rapid Recommendation.

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Current and future burden of breast cancer: Global statistics for 2020 and 2040.

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and its burden has been rising over the past decades. In this article, we examine and describe the global burden of breast cancer in 2020 and predictions for the year 2040.

Methods: Estimates of new female breast cancer cases and deaths in 2020 were abstracted from the GLOBOCAN database.

An Expanded Role for IRBs in the Oversight of Research Biopsies.

Research biopsies included in cancer clinical trials have the goal of advancing scientific understanding of the biological bases of cancer and its treatments, but may offer no prospect of direct benefit to participants and often pose more than minimal risk. The research community is examining the ethics of research biopsies increasingly often, especially when they are mandatory for study participation but do not support primary study objectives and thus are "nonintegral" to the study. Ethical concerns center on the limited scientific justification supporting some biopsies, risks to research participants, and the potential for coercion and therapeutic misconception during the informed consent process.

Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Subsequent Mortality in a Multisite Cohort of Patients With Cancer in the CancerLinQ Discovery Database.

Purpose: Understanding risks for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and subsequent mortality among patients with cancer may help inform treatment decisions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: CancerLinQ is an electronic health record database from US oncology practices. We identified a cohort of patients with malignancy and 2+ encounters at CancerLinQ practices in the 12 months before the study period (January 1, 2020-January 31, 2021).

Therapy for Stage IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Driver Alterations: ASCO Living Guideline.

Purpose: To provide evidence-based recommendations updating the 2021 ASCO and Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) guideline on systemic therapy for patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with driver alterations.

Methods: ASCO updated recommendations on the basis of an ongoing systematic review of randomized control trials from 2020 to 2021.

Results: This guideline update reflects changes in evidence since the previous update.