8,685 results match your criteria: "American Journal Of Surgical Pathology[Journal]"

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with early cholestasis and extensive bile duct loss but no significant fibrosis or cirrhosis is rare and underrecognized. We aimed to clarify the clinicopathology features and prognosis of these variants of patients with early-stage PBC with ductopenia. From January 2009 to January 2023, we retrospectively collected the laboratory and pathologic data of patients with early-stage PBC and recorded their liver-related events with a median follow-up of 4.

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Immature PIT1-lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs)/adenomas (Immature PIT1-lineage tumors) are a rare and underrecognized subtype of PitNETs that exhibits distinct cytologic atypia features and aggressive clinical potential. This study characterizes the clinical, radiological, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of 15 immature PIT1-lineage tumors identified from 1084 PitNETs patients over 5 years. Our cohort of 6 males and 9 females had a median age of 37.

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Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinomas (GAS) are aggressive HPV-independent neoplasms with molecular alterations in TP53 , STK11 , CDKN2A, and SMAD4 . Claudin-18 (CLDN18) has emerged as a useful marker to distinguish GAS from HPV-associated neoplasia. Its role in separating GAS from benign proliferations and exuberant endocervical glands is unknown.

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (vSCC) is currently categorized either as human papillomavirus (HPV) associated or independent. Immunohistochemical stains, p16INK4a (p16) and p53 are helpful biomarkers to support the designation of vSCC into 1 of the 3 tumor pathways: (1) HPV-associated, (2) HPV-independent, TP53 mutant, or (3) HPV-independent, TP53 wild type. Recently, a framework of p53 expression patterns in vSCC was proposed.

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We present one of the largest cohorts of TP53-pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) associated with patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (n = 82) with breast tumors (19 to 76 y; median age: 35). Most had missense variants (77%), followed by large gene rearrangements (LGRs; 12%), truncating (6%), and splice-site (5%) variants. Twenty-one unique germline missense variants were found, with hotspots at codons 175, 181, 245, 248, 273, 334, and 337.

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B-cell and plasma cell proliferations are frequently observed in nodal T follicular helper (nTfh) cell lymphomas and can present a diagnostic challenge. These proliferations can be monotypic or monoclonal and morphologically resemble lymphoma or plasmacytoma, but their clinical behavior is poorly defined. In this study, we reviewed 414 cases of nTfh lymphoma seen over the past decade at our institution.

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While the skin is a common target organ for sarcoidosis, cutaneous granulomatous vasculitis is rare among patients with sarcoidosis. Due to the lack of detailed studies on cutaneous sarcoid vasculitis, both dermatologists and pathologists remain unfamiliar with this rare but important vasculitic disorder. We clinicopathologically evaluated eight cases with biopsy-proven cutaneous vasculitis and cutaneous sarcoidosis and analyzed morphologic changes in the process of vasculitis for both small vessels and muscular vessels in detail.

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Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, especially histiocytic sarcoma, can show morphologic and phenotypic overlap with immature monocytic neoplasms. IRF8 immunohistochemical staining has been demonstrated to be useful in identifying monoblasts, but it has not been extensively studied in histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms. IRF8 immunohistochemistry was performed on cases of histiocytic sarcoma (HS, n=6), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH, n=25), Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD, n=17), follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS, n=3), and Erdheim Chester disease (ECD, n=5), along with a control group that included a subset of myeloid neoplasms with monocytic differentiation.

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Oncocytic adenocarcinoma (OC) of the salivary glands is a rare and controversial entity. It was recently reclassified as "salivary carcinoma NOS and emerging entities" in the 2022 WHO classification of head and neck tumors. The lack of specific molecular alterations and its potential affiliation with other salivary gland carcinomas, such as the oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinomas (OMEC) or the oncocytic subtype of salivary duct carcinomas (OSDC) justified this reclassification.

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  • * A study compared 17 desmoplastic melanomas (including 5 NFLDM cases) with 53 neurofibromas to identify distinguishing features and the role of molecular testing in diagnosis.
  • * Key differences include the presence of lymphoid aggregates and specific vascular structures in neurofibromas that are absent in NFLDM, along with molecular testing revealing genetic abnormalities linked to melanoma.
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  • Primary sinonasal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PSDLBCL) is a rare and aggressive type of lymphoma, predominantly associated with genetic mutations MYD88 L265P and CD79B Y196, which indicate a poor prognosis.
  • In a study involving 55 patients, researchers utilized droplet digital PCR and FISH to identify these mutations and translocations, finding high prevalence rates (52.7% for MYD88 and 36.4% for CD79B), with 58.2% of cases categorized as the aggressive MCD-like subtype.
  • The MCD-like subtype showed a tendency for relapse in areas like the CNS and had worse overall and progression-free survival rates compared to the co-wild type
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Sialadenoma papilliferum is a tumor characterized by surface papillary projections and glandular/microcystic proliferation at the lesion base. Cases in which surface involvement is absent have been termed "sialadenoma papilliferum-like intraductal papillary tumor." Similar tumors that are present in the mandible have been termed "tubulopapillary hidradenoma-like tumor of the mandible.

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The aim of the study was to report the outcome of primary localized low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS), sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF), and hybrid LGFMS/SEF (H-LGFMS/SEF). Patients with primary localized LGFMS, SEF, or H-LGFMS/SEF, surgically treated with curative intent from January 2000 to September 2022, were enrolled from 14 countries and 27 institutions. Pathologic inclusion criteria were predefined by expert pathologists.

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  • * A study involving eleven patients with multiple PSP found that AKT1 alterations were the most common mutations, particularly the p.E17K variant, along with novel ARID1A mutations occurring alongside AKT1 mutations.
  • * The research indicates that the tumors in patients with multiple nodules likely developed independently, while mutations in patients with diffuse nodules were shared but not typical drivers; these findings suggest a need for further study in larger groups to understand PSP's genetic background better.
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GLI1-altered tumors form a diverse group occurring in various anatomic locations. In the alimentary tract, the most established are gastroblastoma, a biphasic epithelial-mesenchymal neoplasm of the stomach, and plexiform fibromyxoma, a pure spindle cell neoplasm. The spectrum of GLI1-rearranged gastrointestinal tumors has recently expanded with reports of cases in other parts of the GI tract, some exhibiting gastroblastoma-like features and others being pure mesenchymal neoplasms.

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Clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the urinary tract is a rare malignancy and tumors involving the renal pelvis are notably sparse in the literature, with only 5 other patients reported. We present 5 patients, 4 women, and 1 man, with CCA of the renal pelvis. The age at presentation ranged from 29 to 81 years.

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Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) and related lesions, namely ameloblastic fibrodentinoma (AFD) and ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO), span a spectrum from true neoplasms to hamartomas. The 2017 World Health Organization classification proposes that AFD and AFO are precursors to odontomas, yet their precise nature remains uncertain. This study examined 19 AF cases, 4 AFD, 15 AFO, 19 odontomas (OD, 14 complex, 5 compound), and 2 ameloblastic fibrosarcomas (AFS), focusing on clinical characteristics, recurrence, and molecular profiles.

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A distinctive form of lung adenocarcinoma that closely mimics large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is described. The tumors arose in 6 women and 6 men aged 46-86 years (mean=58.4).

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  • Low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (LGNPPA) is a rare cancer affecting the nasopharynx, with a study involving 35 patients revealing common symptoms like nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea, primarily in individuals aged 11 to 71.
  • Most tumors were T1N0M0 stage and exhibited irregular papillary structures, with various histopathological features, such as squamous differentiation in some cases and a significant spindle cell component in many.
  • Treatment typically involves endoscopic surgical resection, and follow-up showed no recurrence or metastasis in patients, supporting the idea that LGNPPA may be better categorized as a primary papillary epithelial tumor due to its slow-growing nature.
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  • Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare type of cancer, primarily found in genitourinary tissues, commonly linked to the SS18::SSX gene fusion, and its paratesticular occurrence is extremely uncommon, with only 4 documented cases prior to this study.
  • This research details the characteristics and genetic profile of the largest cohort of paratesticular SS patients, analyzing data from 14 individuals aged 15 to 47, all of whom underwent surgical removal of the tumors and some received chemotherapy.
  • The findings indicate a generally poor prognosis for paratesticular SS even after aggressive treatment, emphasizing the need for thorough diagnostic methods to differentiate it from similar conditions, and supporting the use of SS18-SS
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  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown to improve survival in advanced melanoma, but the role of PD-L1 expression as a predictor of patient response is still uncertain.
  • A study involving 36 biopsies of untreated metastatic melanoma patients found significant discrepancies in PD-L1 expression categorization when re-evaluated using a dual staining technique with SOX10, revealing that many cases were downgraded in their PD-L1 scores.
  • This dual immunohistochemistry approach may enhance the accuracy of PD-L1 assessment, helping to make better clinical decisions about whether to use single or combination immunotherapy, ultimately affecting patient outcomes and quality of life.
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