Program Directors' Assessments of US Medical Graduates' Transition to Residency.

Importance: Medical school graduates across specialties should be prepared for the start of postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1). Assessments by program directors (PDs) may offer insight to differences in preparedness across medical specialties.

Objective: To investigate whether PD assessments of their PGY-1 residents' performance during the transition to residency differed by specialty category.

How can a growth mindset-supportive learning environment in medical school promote student well-being?

Introduction: There is a growing concern for physician and medical student well-being and burnout. Growth mindset, or the belief that ability can be developed, as well as students' perception of their instructors' growth mindset, have been associated with better academic outcomes for a wide range of students. The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of growth mindset on medical student well-being.

The predictive validity of MCAT scores and undergraduate GPA for COMLEX-USA licensure exam performance of students enrolled in osteopathic medical schools.

Context: Osteopathic (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine [DO]) medical students account for more than 25 % of all medical students in the United States.

Objectives: This study examined the predictive validity of Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) total scores and cumulative undergraduate grade point averages (UGPAs) for performance on the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination of the United States (COMLEX-USA) Level 1 and Level 2-CE (Cognitive Evaluation) licensure examinations administered by the National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners (NBOME). Additionally, the study examined the degree to which MCAT total scores and UGPAs provide comparable prediction of student performance by key sociodemographic variables.

Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine and Its Role in Psychiatry.

This paper reviews the current literature to examine what elements of osteopathic medicine can be used in psychiatry. The aim of this study was to use the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct a systematic review of studies describing the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in treating psychiatric problems directly and indirectly. The authors searched the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), reviewing peer-reviewed articles from 1980 to April 2023.

The Resident Readiness Survey: A National Process for Program Directors to Provide Standardized Feedback to Medical Schools About Their Graduates.

The process for program directors (PDs) to provide feedback to medical schools about their graduates' readiness for postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1) training is burdensome and does not generate national benchmarking data. The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) tested the feasibility of administering a standardized Resident Readiness Survey (RRS) to PDs nationally about their PGY-1 residents' preparedness for residency. In 2020 and 2021, the AAMC invited PDs via email to complete RRSs for their PGY-1s who graduated from participating schools; the AAMC provided schools with reports of identified RRS data for their graduates.

Utilization of Rectal Examinations Before Magnetic Resonance Defecography Studies.

Importance: More information is needed to guide referring subspecialists on the appropriate patient evaluation before magnetic resonance defecography (MRD).

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate how often health care providers perform digital rectal examination (DRE) before ordering MRD to investigate causes of bowel and pelvic floor complaints.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort review, including MRD performed on female patients at an integrated health care system from 2016 through 2020.

A cross-sectional study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on an ophthalmology consult service in four Michigan community hospitals.

Purpose: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, private practice, inpatient consult services, and academic residency programs in ophthalmology saw a decrease in patient encounters. This study elucidates how community hospital ophthalmology consult (OC) services were affected during the pandemic. We aim to determine whether there was a change in resident OC volume in a community-based ophthalmology program consult service during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Attitudes toward osteopathic medicine scale: development and psychometrics.

Objective: To develop a valid and reliable instrument for measuring attitudes toward osteopathic medicine.

Methods: Participants included 5,669 first-year students from 33 U.S.

Effects of easing shelter-in-place restrictions and the lingering COVID-19 pandemic on orthopaedic trauma at a community level 2 trauma center.

Objectives: Evaluate the effect of easing "shelter-in-place" restrictions and coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) cases on orthopaedic trauma encounters (OTEs) at a community level II trauma center.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of OTEs from March-June of 2016 to 2020. Injuries were classified by high or low severity.

When the Clinical Environment Is Closed to Students: The Harsh Reality of COVID-19 and Implications for Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine.

When the World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global health emergency, Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (COMs) debated the role of medical students during this developing pandemic. Initially, the discussion included whether medical students were essential personnel contributing to meaningful patient care. Many questions arose regarding how COVID-19 would affect medical education and if the changes would be temporary or continue for a significant period of time.

Effect of Shelter-in-Place Orders and the COVID-19 Pandemic on Orthopaedic Trauma at a Community Level II Trauma Center.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the "shelter-in-place" order on orthopaedic trauma presenting to a community level II trauma center. It is hypothesized that the overall number of orthopaedic trauma encounters (OTEs), the number of OTEs related to both high and low severity injuries, and the proportion of OTEs related to high severity versus low severity injuries decreased compared with previous years.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of OTEs between 2016 and 2020.

Empathy as related to gender, age, race and ethnicity, academic background and career interest: A nationwide study of osteopathic medical students in the United States.

Context: Research on associations between medical student empathy and demographics, academic background and career interest is limited, lacks representative samples and suffers from single institutional features. This study was designed to fill the gap by examining associations between empathy in patient care, and gender, age, race and ethnicity, academic background and career interest in nationwide, multi-institutional samples of medical students in the United States and to provide more definitive answers regarding the aforementioned associations, with more confidence in the internal and external validity of the findings.

Methods: Four nationwide samples participated in this study (n = 10 751).

Does Empathy Decline in the Clinical Phase of Medical Education? A Nationwide, Multi-Institutional, Cross-Sectional Study of Students at DO-Granting Medical Schools.

Purpose: To examine differences in students' empathy in different years of medical school in a nationwide study of students of U.S. DO-granting medical schools.

Navigating Tumultuous Change in the Medical Profession: The Coalition for Physician Accountability.

Collaboration among the national organizations responsible for self-regulation in medicine in the United States is critical, as achieving the quadruple aim of enhancing the patient experience and improving population health while lowering costs and improving the work life of clinicians and staff is becoming more challenging. The leaders of the national organizations responsible for accreditation, assessment, licensure, and certification recognize this and have come together as the Coalition for Physician Accountability. The coalition, which meets twice per year, was created in 2011 as a discursive space for group discussion and action related to advancing health care, promoting professional accountability, and improving the education, training, and assessment of physicians.

How Should Health Care Organizations and Communities Work Together to Improve Neighborhood Conditions?

In the past few decades, scholars have begun to establish ethical principles for public health engagement. A key tension has been how to reconcile public health improvement with local autonomy in decision making so as to express respect for community members' on-the-ground experience. This article describes the experience of one children's hospital in learning to ethically engage a surrounding community in conversations about housing development in partnership with a local faith-based development organization.

Should Hospital Emergency Departments Be Used as Revenue Streams Despite Needs to Curb Overutilization?

This case asks how a hospital should balance patients' health needs with its financial bottom line regarding emergency department utilization. Should hospitals engage in proactive population health initiatives if they result in decreased revenue from their emergency departments? Which values should guide their thinking about this question? Drawing upon emerging legal and moral consensus about hospitals' obligations to their surrounding communities, this commentary argues that treating emergency departments purely as revenue streams violates both legal and moral standards.

The intersection of professionalism and interprofessional care: development and initial testing of the interprofessional professionalism assessment (IPA).

Valid assessment of interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP) is challenging. The number of instruments that measure various aspects of IPECP, or in various sites is growing, however. The Interprofessional Professionalism Assessment (IPA) measures observable behaviors of health care professionals-in-training that demonstrate professionalism and collaboration when working with other health care providers in the context of people-centered care.

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students.

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) is a broadly used instrument developed to measure empathy in the context of health professions education and patient care. Evidence in support of psychometrics of the JSE has been reported in health professions students and practitioners with the exception of osteopathic medical students. This study was designed to examine measurement properties, underlying components, and latent variable structure of the JSE in a nationwide sample of first-year matriculants at U.

Pre-Medical Preparation in Microbiology among Applicants and Matriculants in Osteopathic Medical School in the United States.

It is recognized that medical school curricula contain significant microbiology-related content as part of the training of future physicians who will be responsible stewards of antimicrobials. Surprisingly, osteopathic and allopathic medical schools do not require pre-medical microbiology coursework, and the extent to which medical students have completed microbiology coursework remains poorly understood. In this report, we show that fewer than 3% of applicants and matriculants to osteopathic medical school (OMS) have completed an undergraduate major or minor in microbiology, and fewer than 17% of applicants and matriculants to OMS have completed one or more microbiology-related courses.