Genomic characteristics and molecular epidemiology of MRSA from medical centers in Mexico: Results from the Invifar network.

Introduction: The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) genome varies by geographical location. This study aims to determine the genomic characteristics of MRSA using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from medical centers in Mexico and to explore the associations between antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors.

Methods: This study included 27 clinical isolates collected from sterile sites at eight centers in Mexico in 2022 and 2023.

Gp70 is a cell wall protein required for adhesion, proper interaction with innate immune cells, and virulence.

is one of the leading etiological agents of sporotrichosis, a cutaneous and subcutaneous mycosis worldwide distributed. This organism has been recently associated with epidemic outbreaks in Brazil. Despite the medical relevance of this species, little is known about its virulence factors, and most of the information on this subject is extrapolated from .

Fabrication of water-dispersible dye/polymer matrix-stabilized β-FeOOH (Rh-B/F127@β-FeOOH) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and therapeutic applications.

In this study, dye/polymer matrix-stabilized β-FeOOH nanomaterials were fabricated for therapeutic applications. Rh-B/F127@β-FeOOH nanomaterials were synthesized using two different methods: co-precipitation (CoP) and hydrothermal (HT) methods. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques, including FT-IR, UV-Vis, PL, XRD, HR-TEM, and XPS analysis.

Biomarkers and Social Determinants in atherosclerotic Arterial Diseases: A Scoping Review.

Background: Arterial diseases like coronary artery disease, carotid stenosis, peripheral artery disease, and abdominal aortic aneurysm have high morbidity and mortality, making them key research areas. Their multifactorial nature complicates patient treatment and prevention. Biomarkers offer insights into the biochemical and molecular processes, while social factors also significantly impact patients' health and quality of life.

Determinants of fertility in timed artificial insemination programs in beef cattle: predictive ability and risk factors from almost 2 million data points.

Timed artificial insemination (TAI) is a technology widely used in cattle production based on controlling ovarian follicular growth. This study analyzed a large database aiming to determine the influence of several intrinsic and extrinsic female factors, as well as their interactions to determine risk factors and produce prediction ability in beef cattle. A total of 1 832 999 TAIs conducted on 2 002 farms across South American countries were considered for the analysis, including 15 main fixed effects or interactions in the statistical model, in addition to five random effects.

The use of multiple evidence base methods to enrich climate change research and knowledge in the Arctic.

Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) is increasingly used along with scientific knowledge (SK) to understand climate change. The multi evidence base (MEB) offers ways of combining knowledge systems together. Nonetheless, there is little guidance on how to use MEB approaches in research.

Comparison of Two Synthesis Methods for 3D PLA-Ibuprofen Nanofibrillar Scaffolds.

Objectives: This study aimed to synthesize polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibrillar scaffolds loaded with ibuprofen (IBU) using electrospinning (ES) and air-jet spinning (AJS). The scaffolds were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release profiles, and biocompatibility to assess their potential for local analgesic applications.

Methods: Solutions of 10% (/) PLA combined with IBU at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% were processed into nanofibrillar membranes using ES and AJS.

Theoretical Study of Sphingomyelinases from and Sheds Light on the Evolution of Enzymes Needed for Survival and Colonization.

The path to survival for pathogenic organisms is not straightforward. Pathogens require a set of enzymes for tissue damage generation and to obtain nourishment, as well as a toolbox full of alternatives to bypass host defense mechanisms. Our group has shown that the parasitic protist encodes for 14 sphingomyelinases (SMases); one of them (acid sphingomyelinase 6, aSMase6) is involved in repairing membrane damage and exhibits hemolytic activity.

Advances and Challenges in Antiviral Development for Respiratory Viruses.

The development of antivirals for respiratory viruses has advanced markedly in response to the growing threat of pathogens such as Influenzavirus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2. This article reviews the advances and challenges in this field, highlighting therapeutic strategies that target critical stages of the viral replication cycle, including inhibitors of viral entry, replication, and assembly. In addition, innovative approaches such as inhibiting host cellular proteins to reduce viral resistance and repurposing existing drugs are explored, using advanced bioinformatics tools that optimize the identification of antiviral candidates.

Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility.

Unlabelled: Infertility, both primary and secondary, is strongly influenced by microbiological factors, with the vaginal microbiota playing a key role in reproductive health.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the vaginal microbiota of 136 Mexican women diagnosed with infertility-primary (n = 58) and secondary (n = 78)-by evaluating the presence of pathogenic bacterial species and their associations with infertility conditions.

Methods: Samples were obtained through cervical swabs, and microorganism identification was performed using qPCR techniques.

Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (BPI), a Novel Antimicrobial Molecule in Human Breast Milk with Immune Potential.

Breast milk is a fluid of vital importance during the first stages of life of the newborn since, in addition to providing nutrients, it also contains cells and molecules of the immune system, which protect the neonate from infection and, at the same time, modulate the establishment of the microbiota. Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is relevant in preventing disease and sepsis in neonates. Therefore, the following work aimed to demonstrate the presence of BPI in the different stages of breast milk and its possible immune functions.

Leadless Pacing: Current Status and Ongoing Developments.

Although significant strides have been made in cardiac pacing, the field is still evolving. While transvenous permanent pacing is highly effective in the management of bradyarrhythmias, it is not risk free and may result in significant morbidity and, rarely, mortality. Transvenous leads are often the weakest link in a pacing system.

[Is early discharge following primary total knee arthroplasty a risk factor for the development of complications, readmissions and unscheduled consultations?].

Introduction: total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure with a growing number of indications worldwide. The trend in recent years has been to reduce hospital stay without compromising safety and quality of care. The aim of this study was to determine whether early discharge (less than 24 hours) is associated with a higher rate of complications, readmissions and unscheduled visits in patients undergoing primary knee arthroplasty.

Quantum-enhanced time-domain spectroscopy.

The time-resolved detection of mid- to far-infrared electric fields absorbed and emitted by molecules is among the most sensitive spectroscopic approaches and has the potential to transform sensing in fields such as security screening, quality control, and medical diagnostics. However, the sensitivity of the standard detection approach, which relies on encoding the far-infrared electric field into amplitude modulation of a visible or near-infrared probe laser pulse, is limited by the shot noise of the latter. This constraint cannot be overcome without using a quantum resource.

Suction tube uterine tamponade versus uterine balloon tamponade for treatment of refractory postpartum hemorrhage: A randomized clinical feasibility trial.

Objective: To compare low-cost "Suction Tube Uterine Tamponade" (STUT) treatment for refractory postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) with uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) using a randomized feasibility study.

Methods: After verbal assent, we allocated participants with refractory PPH by randomly ordered envelopes to STUT or routine UBT at 10 hospitals in South Africa and one tertiary referral center in Colombia between January 10, 2020, and May 3, 2024. In the STUT group, we inserted a 24 FG Levin stomach tube into the uterine cavity and applied suction.

Utility of Cand PCR in the Diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Pregnant Women.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) can lead to multiple complications when it occurs during pregnancy, so it is necessary to diagnose it promptly for effective treatment. Traditional methods for identifying spp. are often too time-consuming and have limited specificity and sensitivity.

Magnetocaloric Effect for a -Clock-Type System.

In this work, we study the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in a working substance corresponding to a square lattice of spins with possible orientations, known as the "-state clock model". When the -state clock model has Q≥5 possible configurations, it presents the famous Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase associated with vortex states. We calculate the thermodynamic quantities using Monte Carlo simulations for even numbers, ranging from Q=2 to Q=8 spin orientations per site in a lattice.

Prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Hospitalized COPD Patients in Spain Between 2018-2022.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a common cause of hospital admission. The association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and RSV infection is not well studied.

Objective: To analyze the hospitalizations of patients with COPD and RSV infection in Spain between 2018 and 2022.

[Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic profile of patients with left intraventricular thrombus in three high-complexity centers during the period 2000-2022].

Objective: To determine the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic profile of patients with left intraventricular thrombus (LVT) in three high-complexity centers in Medellín, Colombia, between January 2000 and January 2022.

Materials And Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional study that included 307 patients with LVT. Hospital records were analyzed to identify the clinical and therapeutic profile, and thrombus resolution and systemic embolism were evaluated.

Mitral valve infective endocarditis as a manifestation of disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection: a case report.

Infective endocarditis is a disease that affects mainly the endocardial surface of the heart and cardiac valves (native or prosthetic). The main risk factors for developing infective endocarditis are male sex, older age, intracardiac shunts, prosthetic valves, rheumatic, and congenital heart disease, intracardiac devices, intravenous drugs use, immunosuppression, and hemodialysis. Streptococci and Staphylococci spp.

Analytical protocol for measuring micro-molar quantities of sulfur volatile species in experimental high pressure and temperature fluids.

Validating thermodynamic models is essential in experimental geosciences for exploring increasingly complex systems and developing analytical protocols. However, investigating solid-fluid equilibria in mm-sized experimental capsules poses several challenges, particularly in sulfur-bearing chemical systems. These include maintaining bulk fluid composition and performing quantitative analysis with extremely low amounts of synthesized fluid.

Retrospective SARS-CoV-2 human antibody development trajectories are largely sparse and permissive.

Immunological interventions, like vaccinations, are enabled by the predictive control of humoral responses to novel antigens. While the development trajectories for many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been measured, it is less established how human subtype-specific antibodies develop from their precursors. In this work, we evaluated the retrospective development trajectories for eight anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike human antibodies (Abs).

Alternative Magnification Devices for Microsurgical Training. Comparative analysis.

Aim: Determine if low-cost magnification devices (USB computer microscope, smartphone) enable the acquisition and maintenance of basic microsurgical skills by comparing skills learned using these devices against those learned using a surgical microscope. Determine whether skills acquired using these devices can be transferred to the surgical microscope.

Material And Methods: Twelve neurosurgical participants, ranging from faculty to postgraduate year-1 trainees, were randomly divided into three groups for training using a surgical microscope, smartphone, or USB microscope.

Relevance of the GH-VEGFB/VEGFA axis in liver grafts from brain-dead donors with alcohol-associated liver disease.

Introduction: Grafts with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) subjected to prolonged cold ischaemia from donors after brain death (DBD) are typically unsuitable for transplantation. Here, we investigated the role of growth hormone (GH) in livers with ALD from DBDs and its relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and VEGFB.

Methods: Livers from rats fed ethanol for 6 weeks and with brain death (BD) were cold stored for 24 h and subjected to reperfusion.

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies and birth institution complexity levels in Argentina.

Patiens with major congenital anomalies diagnosed prenatally should be referred to and delivered in institutions with the appropriate level of complexity, as this reduces morbidity and mortality. We aimed to assess the prevalence and prenatal diagnosis proportion of selected congenital abnormalities and the complexity levels of birth institutions in a sample of public maternity hospitals in Argentina. Data sources were (1) National Congenital Anomalies Registry, covering the period from 2013 to 2021; and (2) Categorization of birth institutions according to their complexity (high or low).