A Pair of Hearts: Two Cases of Mitral Valve Gonococcal Endocarditis.

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection. Manifestations include asymptomatic infection and disseminated, life-threatening disease. We present two cases of mitral valve gonococcal endocarditis and discuss epidemiologic trends in disseminated gonococcal infection, acknowledging antimicrobial resistance, genetic variability in gonococcal strains, and contextual factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic and STI control.

Preventing overdoses involving stimulants: the POINTS study protocol.

Background: In recent years, overdoses involving illicit cocaine, methamphetamine, and other stimulants have increased in the U.S. The unintentional consumption of stimulants containing illicit fentanyl is a major risk factor for overdoses, particularly in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.

Predictors of weight and waist gain in US South Asians: Findings from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study.

Background: Weight and waist gain are significant concerns in adulthood. Both weight and waist gain are particularly important among South Asians, known to have an increased risk of developing chronic cardiometabolic complications at any body mass index compared to other racial and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to investigate factors predicting weight and waist gain in a longitudinal cohort of South Asians living in the US (United States).

Erratum: Three-Year Results of the GORE VIABAHN Endoprosthesis in the Superficial Femoral Artery for In-Stent Restenosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.

miRNA Signatures in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Implications for Biomarkers, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Options.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease in premature infants characterized by alveolar dysplasia, vascular simplification and dysmorphic vascular development. Supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation commonly used as life-saving measures in premature infants may cause BPD. microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, non-coding RNAs, regulate target gene expression mainly through post-transcriptional repression.

Endoscopic Versus Traditional Thoracic Discectomy: A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Surgical treatment for symptomatic thoracic disc herniations (TDH) involves invasive open surgical approaches with relatively high complication rates and prolonged hospital stays. Although advantages of full endoscopic spine surgery (FESS) are well-established in lumbar disc herniations, data are limited for the endoscopic treatment of TDH despite potential benefits regarding surgical invasiveness. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of potential benefits of FESS for the treatment of TDH.

Discontinuation of medication treatment for opioid use disorder after a successful course: The discontinuation phase of the CTN-0100 (RDD) trial.

Introduction And Background: Buprenorphine, and extended-release naltrexone, are effective in decreasing opioid use, morbidity and mortality. The available evidence suggests that these medications should be used for long term treatment; however, patients often ask how long they need to be on medication, and whether it would be safe to discontinue. There are sparse data to guide us.

First and Second Stage Risk Factors Associated with Perineal Lacerations.

Objective: To determine intrapartum factors associated with perineal laceration at delivery.

Methods: This was a planned secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial of delayed versus immediate pushing among term nulliparous women in labor with neuraxial analgesia conducted in the United States. Intrapartum characteristics were extracted from the medical charts.

Femicide in the United States: A Study of Connecticut Autopsy and Death Investigation Data.

We examined the records of the Connecticut Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for all female homicides from 2012 to 2021 to ascertain the rate of femicide. The investigative data were subcategorized as femicides and nonfemicides. The records included autopsy, toxicology, and investigators' reports.

Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma: An Updated Review.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy of the bile ducts that is often associated with late diagnosis, poor overall survival, and limited treatment options. The standard of care therapy for cholangiocarcinoma has been cytotoxic chemotherapy with modest improvements in overall survival with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The discovery of actionable mutations has led to the advent of targeted therapies against FGFR and IDH-1, which has expanded the treatment landscape for this patient population.

Content validation of needs assessment survey for remote education initiative in Tanzania.

Background: Historically, educational initiatives in global health have involved expert lectures by visitors. However, incomplete understanding of the target population and resources can limit the efficacy of lectures by international faculty. Little data exists on the magnitude of this problem.

Racial/ethnic differences in receipt of naloxone distributed by opioid overdose prevention programs in New York City.

Introduction: We evaluated racial/ethnic differences in the receipt of naloxone distributed by opioid overdose prevention programs (OOPPs) in New York City (NYC).

Methods: We used naloxone recipient racial/ethnic data collected by OOPPs from April 2018 to March 2019. We aggregated quarterly neighborhood-specific rates of naloxone receipt and other covariates to 42 NYC neighborhoods.

Frequency, Type, and Degree of Potential Harm of Adverse Safety Events among Pediatric Emergency Medical Services Encounters.

Background: Only 5-10% of emergency medical services (EMS) patients are children, and most pediatric encounters are low-acuity. EMS chart review has been used to identify adverse safety events (ASEs) in high-acuity and high-risk pediatric encounters. The objective of this work was to evaluate the frequency, type, and potential harm of ASEs in varied acuity pediatric EMS encounters.

Association of Adolescents' Body Mass Index Classification With Preventive Clinical Care Receipt.

Purpose: To examine differences in screening and advising for modifiable risk behaviors during well-visits based on adolescents' body mass index categories.

Methods: Retrospective analyses were conducted with the National Institute of Health's NEXT Generation Health Study data, a nationally representative cohort of 10th graders. In wave 1 (2010), adolescents were classified as being underweight (<4.

Racial/Ethnic differences in receipt of naloxone distributed by opioid overdose prevention programs in New York City.

Introduction: We evaluated racial/ethnic differences in the receipt of naloxone distributed by opioid overdose prevention programs (OOPPs) in New York City (NYC).

Methods: We used naloxone recipient racial/ethnic data collected by OOPPs from April 2018 to March 2019. We aggregated quarterly neighborhood-specific rates of naloxone receipt and other covariates to 42 NYC neighborhoods.

Three-Year Results of the GORE VIABAHN Endoprosthesis in the Superficial Femoral Artery for In-Stent Restenosis.

Background: The study objective was to assess the postmarket safety and effectiveness of the GORE VIABHAN endoprosthesis with heparin bioactive surface for the treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR) of the superficial femoral artery (SFA).

Methods: A prospective, single-arm, international study enrolled patients at 23 sites from October 2015 to April 2018. Patients with ≥50% ISR or occlusions in the SFA, Rutherford categories 2-5, and at least 1 patent runoff vessel were eligible.