51 results match your criteria: "Alnoor University[Affiliation]"

The lung tumor microenvironment (TME) or stroma is a dynamic space of numerous cells and their released molecules. This complicated web regulates tumor progression and resistance to different modalities. Lung cancer cells in conjunction with their stroma liberate a wide range of factors that dampen antitumor attacks by innate immunity cells like natural killer (NK) cells and also adaptive responses by effector T cells.

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The Flaviviridae family includes the dengue virus (DENV). About half of the world's population is in danger because of the estimated 390 million infections and 96 million symptomatic cases that occur each year. An effective treatment for dengue fever (DF) does not yet exist.

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Targeting breast tumor extracellular matrix and stroma utilizing nanoparticles.

Clin Transl Oncol

December 2024

Department of Refrigeration and air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.

Breast cancer is a complicated malignancy and is known as the most common cancer in women. Considerable experiments have been devoted to explore the basic impacts of the tumor stroma, particularly the extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal components, on tumor growth and resistance to treatment. ECM is made up of an intricate system of proteins, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans, and maintains structural support and controls key signaling pathways involved in breast tumors.

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Among the most challenging diseases to treat is lung cancer (LC). While immunotherapy has a checkered history, it has lately shown great promise in the treatment of LC, and interest in this promising new approach is on the rise around the globe. Immunotherapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is gaining popularity.

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Gynecologic cancer, a prevalent and debilitating disease affecting women worldwide, is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the reproductive organs. The complex etiology of gynecologic cancer encompasses multiple subtypes, including cervical, ovarian, uterine, vaginal, and vulvar cancers. Despite optimal treatment strategies, which typically involve cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, gynecologic cancer frequently exhibits recalcitrant relapse and poor prognosis.

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Early detection and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are crucial for patient survival and long-term health. CVD biomarkers such as cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), Galectin-3 (Gal-3), etc are released into the circulation following heart muscle injury, ie, acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Biosensor technology including the use of nanoparticles can be designed to target specific biomarkers associated with CVD, enabling early detection and more rapid intervention to decrease morbidity and mortality.

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Polysaccharides, the most abundant biopolymers in nature, have attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians due to its practicality in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences. These biomaterials have high bioavailability and play structural and functional roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides are classified into several groups based on their origin, including plant polysaccharides and marine polysaccharides (like chitosan, hyaluronic acid, dextran, alginates, etc.

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is the perilous pandemics that occurred in Asia and Europe. The bacterium has shown drug resistance that can cause the future pandemic and destroy the drug treatment against plague. As known, effective therapeutics such as designing potent vaccine that can aid world to protect against plague.

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Background: Metabolic syndrome is a prevalent and common health problem and numerous studies have revealed the role of diet and lifestyle change in prevention of metabolic syndrome. However, the novel dietary index, cardioprotective index (CPI) and its association with metabolic syndrome is not investigated yet. In the current study, we evaluated the association between metabolic syndrome and its components, CPI, Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1in a cross-sectional study.

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Advancements in Exosome Proteins for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Detection: With a Focus on Nanotechnology.

AAPS PharmSciTech

November 2024

Department of Refrigeration and air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.

Breast cancer, a leading cause of mortality among women, has been recognized as requiring improved diagnostic methods. Exosome proteins, found in small extracellular vesicles, have emerged as a promising solution, reflecting the state of their cell of origin and playing key roles in cancer progression. This review examines their potential in breast cancer diagnosis, discussing advanced isolation and characterization techniques such as ultracentrifugation and microfluidic-based approaches.

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Vaping has emerged as a popular alternative to traditional smoking. It produces smokeless vapour by heating an e-liquid mixture in an atomizer. This paper delves into the current state of knowledge surrounding electronic cigarettes, exploring the gap between the perceived safety of e-liquids and the emerging evidence of their harmful effects when inhaled.

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A review on the potential use of bismuth nanoparticles in oral health.

Microb Pathog

January 2025

Department of Medical Laboratory Technics, College of Health and Medical Technology, Alnoor University, Mosul, Iraq. Electronic address:

According to many investigations, persistent oral infections may be caused by oral pathogenic biofilms. Irritation of soft tissues and subsequent bone resorption due to bacterial biofilm contamination of the implant further worsen oral health. Dental problems may be effectively treated using metal nanoparticles (NPs) because they limit the development of many different types of bacteria.

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The development of a new Neodymium/Dysprosium metal-organic framework, referred to as Nd/Dy-BTC MOF, based on benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, has been achieved through an in situ growth process on 2D transition metal carbides (MXene) surfaces. This synthesis was conducted via a solvothermal method utilizing a solvent mixture of water, ethanol, and dimethylformamide. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the framework's efficacy as a photocatalyst for the degradation of anionic dye, as well as its potential for sensing certain explosives.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study addressed the lack of data on skin fungal infections in Iraq, estimating their prevalence and burden for the first time.
  • It found approximately 985,628 serious fungal infections and over 2 million superficial infections annually, affecting a significant portion of the population.
  • Common infections included recurrent Candida vaginitis and fungal rhinosinusitis, with many estimates relying on data from other countries, highlighting the need for more localized research.
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BTLA and HVEM: Emerging players in the tumor microenvironment and cancer progression.

Cytokine

October 2023

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Article Synopsis
  • Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is changing cancer treatment by targeting proteins that prevent the immune system from attacking cancer cells, with key examples being PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4.
  • Further research has revealed another checkpoint mechanism involving BTLA and HVEM, which are linked to immune regulation and have been found overexpressed in several cancers like lung, ovarian, and glioblastoma.
  • The exploration of the BTLA/HVEM checkpoint is important for advancing immunotherapy options, aiming to enhance cancer treatment outcomes.
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Article Synopsis
  • Peri-implantitis (PI) and peri-implant mucositis (PIM) are inflammatory conditions linked to plaque buildup around dental implants, with PIM being a precursor to the more severe PI, which is difficult to treat effectively.
  • There is growing research into biocompatible materials, especially nanoparticles (NPs), to enhance dental implant success by improving biocompatibility and addressing issues like cytotoxicity.
  • The study highlights the promising use of metal NPs—like silver, gold, and zinc oxide—as antimicrobial agents against bacteria resistant to medications, discussing their potential benefits and challenges in clinical applications for treating peri-implant diseases.
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Article Synopsis
  • * Recent efforts to stop smoking haven't been put into action yet, and it’s important to see what could happen if smoking rates stay the same or improve.
  • * Researchers used models to predict health outcomes by 2050 based on different scenarios of smoking rates, showing that cutting smoking could greatly improve health and life expectancy.
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Although the number of breast cancer deaths has decreased, and there have been developments in targeted therapies and combination treatments for the management of metastatic illness, metastatic breast cancer is still the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in U.S. women.

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Cancer continues to threaten human health regardless of novel therapeutic options. Over the last two decades, targeted therapy has emerged as a significant advancement in treating malignancies, surpassing standard chemoradiotherapy and surgical procedures. Gynecological malignancies, including cervical, endometrial, and ovarian carcinoma, have a bad prognosis in advanced or metastatic stages and are difficult to treat.

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Synthesis, characterization, and applications of starch-based nano drug delivery systems for breast cancer therapy: A review.

Int J Biol Macromol

November 2024

Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq. Electronic address:

The review examined the potential of starch-based drug delivery systems for managing breast cancer efficiently. It covered the background of breast cancer and the significance of drug delivery systems in treatment enhancement. Starch, known for its versatile physicochemical properties, was explored as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery.

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) marked by persistent inflammation of the mucosal lining of the large intestine, leading to debilitating symptoms and reduced quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that an imbalance of the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in UC pathogenesis, and various signaling pathways are implicated in the dysregulated immune response. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host, have attracted significant attention for their potential to restore gut microbial balance and ameliorate inflammation in UC.

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Performance of solar still units and enhancement techniques: A review investigation.

Heliyon

September 2024

Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Baghdad, Baghdad Governorate, Iraq.

Drinking water requirements are rapidly increasing while the availability of drinking water is decreasing. Overcoming this problem requires a sustainable energy source, such as solar energy, to desalinate untreated water. The most essential and simplest application of brackish water desalination is solar distillation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers studied strokes from 1990 to 2021 to understand how many people get them and how they are affected around the world.
  • In 2021, strokes caused about 7.3 million deaths and were a major cause of health problems, especially in specific regions like Southeast Asia and Oceania.
  • There are differences in stroke risks based on where people live and their age, and some areas actually saw more strokes happening since 2015.
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Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women, characterized by significant heterogeneity. Diagnosis of the disease in the early stages and appropriate treatment plays a crucial role for these patients. Despite the available treatments, many patients due to drug resistance do not receive proper treatments.

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