Statin therapy associated with decreased neuronal injury measured by serum S100β levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Acute ischemic strokes (AIS) are a common cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability. The serum biomarker S100β correlates with poor neurological outcomes in the setting of AIS. This study describes the impact of statin treatment on S100β levels following AIS.

Statin therapy improves serum Annexin A1 levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A case-controlled study.

Background: The objective of the study is to estimate the protective role of statins in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) through modulation of annexin A1 (AnxA1) serum levels.

Methods: A total number of 63 patients with ACS were recruited compared with 25 healthy control subjects. The enrolments were divided into - Group (A): Patients with ACS on atorvastatin ( = 20), Group (B): Patients with ACS on rosuvastatin ( = 20), Group (C): Patients with ACS but not on statin therapy ( = 23), and Group (D): Healthy controls ( = 25).

The Potential Role of Pancreatic γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Diabetes Mellitus: A Critical Reappraisal.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, and glucosuria. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of humans and other mammals. GABA acts on two different receptors, which are GABA- and GABA-.

-Derived Extract β-Aescin and Antibacterial Activity.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of β-aescin against common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Materials And Methods: Agar well diffusion assay was used to determine the antibacterial activity of β-aescin against common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including and . Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of β-aescin were evaluated by serial dilution method.

Role of dyslipidemia in the development of early-onset preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational-related disease presented with hypertension, peripheral edema, and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. In PE, there are various metabolic changes like dyslipidemia. In addition, both PE and dyslipidemia are associated with changes of platelet indices.

Impact of thioctic acid on glycemic indices and associated inflammatory-induced endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case control study.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of thioctic acid (TA) add-on metformin therapy on glycemic indices and associated inflammatory reactions induced-endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In this case-control clinical study, a total number of 70 patients with T2DM compared with 30 healthy controls were divided into three groups: Group A ( = 30), healthy controls; Group B ( = 36), T2DM patients on metformin and Group C ( = 34), T2DM patients on metformin plus TA 600 mg/day. Anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, and routine biochemical variables were estimated.

Metformin and/or vildagliptin mitigate type II diabetes mellitus induced-oxidative stress: The intriguing effect.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the probable effects of metformin plus vildagliptin on the oxidative stress index (OSI) in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this case-control study, 44 patients with T2DM on either metformin monotherapy ( = 24) or metformin plus vildagliptin ( = 20) were compared with healthy controls ( = 20). Anthropometric and biochemical variables including body mass index, blood pressure profile, cardiac indices, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, and glycemic indices were assessed.

Involvement of orexinergic system in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders: A scoping review.

Orexin is a neuropeptide secreted from lateral hypothalamus and pre-frontal cortex concerned in the wakefulness and excitement. This study aimed to review the possible neurobiological effect of orexin. A diversity of search strategies was adopted and assumed which included electronic database searches of Medline and PubMed using MeSH terms, keywords, and title words during the search.

Endothelial dysfunction in acute acquired toxoplasmosis.

Background: Acute toxoplasmosis (AT) which is caused by () leads to induction of pro-inflammatory and/or oxidative stress changes through activation of host immune response. Therefore, the endeavor of the present study was to assess endothelial dysfunction(ED) and oxidative stress in patients with acute toxoplasmosis.

Methods: This study involved 21 patients with AT compared with 20 healthy controls.

Irbesartan Attenuates Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats through Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Endogenous Antioxidant Capacity.

Background: Overproduction of reactive oxygen species and free radicals is the main mechanism beyond gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Irbesartan and other angiotensin II blockers offer significant nephroprotective effect through improvement of renal function and reduction of renal inflammation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to illustrate the nephroprotective effect of irbesartan in rats regarding the oxidative stress of irbesartan biomarkers.

Role of vinpocetine in ischemic stroke and poststroke outcomes: A critical review.

Vinpocetine (VPN) is a synthetic ethyl-ester derivative of the alkaloid apovincamine from Vinca minor leaves. VPN is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 1 (PDE1) that has potential neurological effects through inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channel and reduction of neuronal calcium influx. VPN has noteworthy antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects with inhibitory effect on glial and astrocyte cells during and following ischemic stroke (IS).

Renoprotective effect of irbesartan in a rat model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity: Role of oxidative stress.

Background: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is essential in renal physiology; however, disturbance of the RAS is one of the chief pathways involved in renal injury. Dysregulation of RAS may result in both glomerular and tubulointerstitial injuries through direct effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor. Irbesartan and other Ang II blockers have renoprotective effect through reduction of on renal inflammations.

Vinpocetine Improves Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Gentamicin-induced-acute kidney injury (AKI) is a multifaceted phenomenon which previously linked to the oxidative stress only. Vinpocetine prevents reactive free radical generation which contributed in reduction of damage. Therefore, objective of the present study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of vinpocetine on gentamicin-induced-AKI in rats.

Differential effect of metformin and/or glyburide on apelin serum levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Concepts and clinical practice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with abundant adipocytokine changes which may play an important role in the progression of insulin resistance and micro- and macro-vascular complications. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the differential effect of metformin alone or in combination with glyburide on apelin serum levels in patients with T2DM. In this case-control study, fifty patients with T2DM in the age range of 45-65 years and twenty-five healthy controls matched for age and body weight were recruited from single endocrinology center, subdivided according to the diabetic pharmacotherapy into: Group I: healthy controls ( = 25), Group II: T2DM patients on metformin ( = 15), Group III: T2DM patients on glyburide ( = 17), and Group IV: T2DM patients on metformin plus glyburide ( = 28).

Eustress and Malondialdehyde (MDA): Role of Panax Ginseng: Randomized Placebo Controlled Study.

The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of Panax Ginseng on malondialdehyde (MDA) serum levels during eustress on healthy volunteers. In this study, 65 healthy volunteers were recruited from students of a medical school, with the mean age of 22.61±3.

Acylation-stimulating protein is a surrogate biomarker for acute myocardial infarction: Role of statins.

Background: Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) is an adipokine synthesized within adipocytes environment due to adipocyte differentiation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess changes in ASP levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to correlate these variations with disease variables.

Subjects And Methods: A total number of 111 patients previously and currently treated with rosuvastatin or atorvastatin presented with acute MI in a Coronary Care Unit, were divided into three groups, Group A: Thirty-nine patients treated with atorvastatin, Group B: Thirty patients treated with rosuvastatin, compared to 42 patients presented with MI not previously treated with statins were enrolled in this study.

Effects of Rosuvastatin Alone or in Combination with Omega-3 Fatty Acid on Adiponectin Levels and Cardiometabolic Profile.

Background: Adiponectin is an important adipocyte-related protein that has been postulated to participate in prevention of the development of metabolic syndrome. The relationship between adiponectin serum levels and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been widely investigated and remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin and/or omega-3 fatty acid on adiponectin serum levels in patients with insulin resistance (IR) and CAD.

The Efficacy of Fludarabine, High Dose Cytosine Arabinoside with Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (FLAG) Protocol as Salvage Therapy for Refractory/Relapsed Acute Leukemias in Adult Iraqi Patients.

Refractory/relapsed acute leukemia has always been a challenging problem for hematologist. Over the past decade emphasis has been made in the development of regimens containing fludarabine, combined with cytosine arabinoside for the treatment of refractory/relapsed acute leukemias. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of fludarabine, high dose cytarabine, and granulocyte colony stimulating factor in refractory relapsed cases of acute leukaemia, a prospective study is being conducted at the National Center of Hematology and hematology unit/Baghdad teaching hospital from July 2008 to July 2010.