Using Zebrafish Models to Study Epitranscriptomic Regulation of CNS Functions.

Epitranscriptomic regulation of cell functions involves multiple post-transcriptional chemical modifications of coding and non-coding RNA that are increasingly recognized in studying human brain disorders. Although rodent models are presently widely used in neuroepitranscriptomic research, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a useful and promising alternative model species. Mounting evidence supports the importance of RNA modifications in zebrafish CNS function, providing additional insights into epitranscriptomic mechanisms underlying a wide range of brain disorders.

Differential effects of chronic unpredictable stress on behavioral and molecular (cortisol and microglia-related neurotranscriptomic) responses in adult leopard (leo) zebrafish.

Stress plays a key role in mental, neurological, endocrine, and immune disorders. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is rapidly gaining popularity as s model organism in stress physiology and neuroscience research. Although the leopard (leo) fish are a common outbred zebrafish strain, their behavioral phenotypes and stress responses remain poorly characterized.

Epidemiology of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II According to the Register of the Russian Federation.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular data of mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) patients and their outcomes using the national registry of patients in the Russian Federation (RF). Materials and Methods: In the retrospective cohort study, the authors included data from the Russian national registry of MPS II. Results: The prevalence of MPS II in RF is 0.

Similar, but not the same: multiomics comparison of human valve interstitial cells and osteoblast osteogenic differentiation expanded with an estimation of data-dependent and data-independent PASEF proteomics.

Osteogenic differentiation is crucial in normal bone formation and pathological calcification, such as calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Understanding the proteomic and transcriptomic landscapes underlying this differentiation can unveil potential therapeutic targets for CAVD. In this study, we employed RNA sequencing transcriptomics and proteomics on a timsTOF Pro platform to explore the multiomics profiles of valve interstitial cells (VICs) and osteoblasts during osteogenic differentiation.

The Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Doxorubicin-Induced Vascular Remodeling.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent, effectively combats various malignancies but is marred by significant cardiovascular toxicity, including endothelial damage, chronic heart failure, and vascular remodeling. These adverse effects, mediated by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory pathways, and dysregulated autophagy, underscore the need for precise therapeutic strategies. Emerging research highlights the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in DOX-induced vascular remodeling and cardiotoxicity.

Brown and Beige Adipose Tissue: One or Different Targets for Treatment of Obesity and Obesity-Related Metabolic Disorders?

The failure of the fight against obesity makes us turn to new goals in its treatment. Now, brown adipose tissue has attracted attention as a promising target for the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and glucose tolerance disorders. Meanwhile, the expansion of our knowledge has led to awareness about two rather different subtypes: classic brown and beige (inducible brown) adipose tissue.

SGLT-2 Inhibitors' and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists' Influence on Neuronal and Glial Damage in Experimental Stroke.

SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have demonstrated nephro- and cardioprotective effects, but their neuroprotective properties, especially concerning stroke severity, and mechanisms are not unambiguous. We aimed to study the influence of SGLT-2i with different selectivity and GLP-1RA on brain damage volume and neurological status in non-diabetic and diabetic rats and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Non-diabetic rats were divided into five groups (n = 10 each) and received empagliflozin, canagliflozin, or dulaglutide as study drugs and metformin as comparison drug.

Autoimmune Diseases and Molecular Mimicry in Tuberculosis.

Unlabelled: Comorbidities in tuberculosis patients are increasing annually. Autoimmune pathology may influence the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB). However, the molecular mimicry between (Mtb) and human autoantigens is an important provocative factor in the development of autoimmunity on one hand.

[Prediction of the course of antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by based on clinical and laboratory characteristics of the disease].

Background: The most severe complications of antibiotic use are clostridial infection (CDI) and pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). There is a need for further study of these conditions and identification of their triggers.

Aim: To identify risk factors for severe forms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by .

Magnetically Controlled Transport of Nanoparticles in Solid Tumor Tissues and Porous Media Using a Tumor-on-a-Chip Format.

This study addresses issues in developing spatially controlled magnetic fields for particle guidance, synthesizing biocompatible and chemically stable MNPs and enhancing their specificity to pathological cells through chemical modifications, developing personalized adjustments, and highlighting the potential of tumor-on-a-chip systems, which can simulate tissue environments and assess drug efficacy and dosage in a controlled setting. The research focused on two MNP types, uncoated magnetite nanoparticles (mMNPs) and carboxymethyl dextran coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles (CD-SPIONs), and evaluated their transport properties in microfluidic systems and porous media. The original uncoated mMNPs of bimodal size distribution and the narrow size distribution of the fractions (23 nm and 106 nm by radii) were demonstrated to agglomerate in magnetically driven microfluidic flow, forming a stable stationary web consisting of magnetic fibers within 30 min.

Outcomes of a 12-month course of early and late rituximab BCD020 biosimilar administration in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective study.

Background: Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe, life-threatening disease. However, the role of rituximab in managing juvenile SLE remains undefined, although early biological intervention may improve disease outcomes.

Aim: To assess the differences in the outcomes of different types of rituximab administration (early and late).

Asciminib add-on to imatinib demonstrates sustained high rates of ongoing therapy and deep molecular responses with prolonged follow-up in the ASC4MORE study.

Background: Up to 65% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are treated with imatinib do not achieve sustained deep molecular response, which is required to attempt treatment-free remission. Asciminib is the only approved BCR::ABL1 inhibitor that Specifically Targets the ABL Myristoyl Pocket. This unique mechanism of action allows asciminib to be combined with adenosine triphosphate-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors to prevent resistance and enhance efficacy.

MDM2 up-regulates the energy metabolism in NSCLC in a p53-independent manner.

Although an E3 ligase MDM2 is the major negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor, a growing body of evidence suggests its p53-independent oncogenic properties. In particular, MDM2 has been shown to regulate serine metabolism independently of p53 status in several types of neoplasia, including NSCLC. Using the GSEA approach and publicly available molecular data on NSCLC tumors, our bioinformatics data suggest that MDM2 affects a number of metabolic genes, particularly those encoding components of the electron transport chain (ETC).

Cushing's Disease Manifestation in -Mutated Corticotropinoma May Be Mediated by Interactions Between WNT Signaling and SST Trafficking.

In the current work, we aimed to evaluate the association of clinical data of Cushing's disease (CD) patients with mutation status and to study USP8-related molecular mechanisms connected to the regulation of corticotropinoma growth and activity. 35 CD patients were enrolled; the sequencing of exon 14 in revealed variants in eighteen adenomas, two of which were described for the first time in CD. variants were more common in women (94% vs.

Mutations Associated with Cushing's Disease Alter Protein Structure Dynamics.

The adenomas in Cushing's disease frequently exhibit mutations in exon 14, within a binding motif for the regulatory protein 14-3-3 located between the catalytic domain (DUB), responsible for ubiquitin hydrolysis, and the WW-like domain that mediates autoinhibition, resulting in constantly active USP8. The exact molecular mechanism of deubiquitinase activity disruption in Cushing's disease remains unclear. To address this, Sanger sequencing of was performed to identify mutations in corticotropinomas.

Biocompatibility Analysis of the Silver-Coated Microporous Titanium Implants Manufactured with 3D-Printing Technology.

3D-printed microporous titanium scaffolds enjoy good biointegration with the residuum's soft and bone tissues, and they promote excellent biomechanical properties in attached prostheses. Implant-associated infection, however, remains a major clinical challenge. Silver-based implant coatings can potentially reduce bacterial growth and inhibit biofilm formation, thereby reducing the risk of periprosthetic infections.

Somatostatin Receptor Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Parathyroid Neuroendocrine Neoplasia.

Background: Parathyroid tumors are classified as parathyroid neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) by the IARC-WHO classification. These tumors can occur with NENs from other sites, which often require total-body [68Ga]-DOTA-peptides PET/CT. This study aimed to assess the utility of [68Ga]-DOTA-peptide PET/CT in imaging parathyroid NENs and to evaluate the underlying mechanisms.

Electrospinning of methacrylated alginate for tissue engineering applications.

Photo-crosslinkable methacrylated alginate derivatives (M-ALGs) were synthesized modification of sodium alginate with glycidyl methacrylate. Needle (capillary) and needleless electrospinning techniques were employed to produce their nonwoven fiber mats. Spinning parameters such as applied voltage, solution composition, and flow rate were optimized to form uniform bead-free fibers with an average diameter of about 150 nm.

Fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells in skeletal muscle unloading: metabolic and functional impairments.

Background: Skeletal muscle resident fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) control skeletal muscle regeneration providing a supportive role for muscle stem cells. Altered FAPs characteristics have been shown for a number of pathological conditions, but the influence of temporary functional unloading of healthy skeletal muscle on FAPs remains poorly studied. This work is aimed to investigate how skeletal muscle disuse affects the functionality and metabolism of FAPs.

Cumulative Incidence and Prognostic Value of Readmissions in Patients With Heart Failure: Data From a Large Cohort Study of Real Clinical Practice in St. Petersburg.

Aim    To evaluate the cumulative incidence and prognostic value of rehospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF) within one year after discharge.Material and methods    The data of patients with HF hospitalized for the first time (code I50.x in the diagnosis) for the period from January 01, 2022 through February 13, 2024 were selected from the St.

Hybrid-integrated devices for mimicking malignant brain tumors ("tumor-on-a-chip") for development of targeted drug delivery and personalized therapy approaches.

Acute and requiring attention problem of oncotheranostics is a necessity for the urgent development of operative and precise diagnostics methods, followed by efficient therapy, to significantly reduce disability and mortality of citizens. A perspective way to achieve efficient personalized treatment is to use methods for operative evaluation of the individual drug load, properties of specific tumors and the effectiveness of selected therapy, and other actual features of pathology. Among the vast diversity of tumor types-brain tumors are the most invasive and malignant in humans with poor survival after diagnosis.

20-Hydroxyecdysone Boosts Energy Production and Biosynthetic Processes in Non-Transformed Mouse Cells.

20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is an arthropod steroid hormone that possesses a number of beneficial pharmacological activities in humans, including anabolic, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and antineoplastic properties, etc. While several studies have explored the anabolic activity of 20E in muscle cells, they have concentrated on its effects on myofibril size, protein biosynthesis intensity, and myostatin expression, without assessing energy metabolism. In this research, we have demonstrated that 20E boosts both catabolism and anabolism, coupling energy-producing and biosynthetic metabolic processes in mouse myoblasts and fibroblasts in the same way.