Emerging roles of cancer-testis antigenes, semenogelin 1 and 2, in neoplastic cells.

Cancer-testicular Antigens (CTAs) belong to a group of proteins that under normal conditions are strictly expressed in a male's reproductive tissues. However, upon malignisation, they are frequently re-expressed in neoplastic tissues of various origin. A number of studies have shown that different CTAs affect growth, migration and invasion of tumor cells and favor cancer development and metastasis.

Interplay between p53 and non-coding RNAs in the regulation of EMT in breast cancer.

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in the differentiation of vertebrates and is critically important in tumorigenesis. Using this evolutionarily conserved mechanism, cancer cells become drug-resistant and acquire the ability to escape the cytotoxic effect of anti-cancer drugs. In addition, these cells gain invasive features and increased mobility thereby promoting metastases.

Sleep-disordered breathing: clinical features, pathophysiology and diagnosis.

In recent decades, the association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases (including hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke) has been the focus of interest of both clinicians and researchers. A growing concern is the increasing prevalence of SDB in the general population, which can be partly explained by the rise in obesity prevalence and population aging, as well as by the development of enhanced diagnostic tools and approaches. Because of evidence of adverse long-term effects of SDB on cardiovascular morbidity and overall mortality, systematic screening for SDB should be considered for populations at risk.

Attenuation of p53 mutant as an approach for treatment Her2-positive cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the world's leading causes of oncological disease-related death. It is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity on the clinical, morphological, and molecular levels. Based on molecular profiling breast carcinomas are divided into several subtypes depending on the expression of a number of cell surface receptors, e.

Fluorescence Diagnosis in Neurooncology: Retrospective Analysis of 653 Cases.

This study is to analyze fluorescence sensitivity in the diagnosis of brain and spinal cord tumors. The authors conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of data on 653 cases in 641 patients: 553 of them had brain tumors and 88 spinal cord tumors. Brain tumor resection was performed in 523 patients, of whom 484 were adults and 39 children.

[Preclinical studies of drugs on animal stroke models].

Preclinical studies are studies using experimental models of stroke in animals as well as on neurons, cell neuronal cultures and surviving brain slices. They directed both towards testing the efficacy and evaluation of the mechanisms of action of drugs, and the study of the mechanisms of ischemic damage to search for new targets for stroke treatment. This article shows the basic principles of the organization and planning of animal models of ischemic stroke.

Nutlin sensitizes lung carcinoma cells to interferon-alpha treatment in MDM2-dependent but p53-independent manner.

As an anticancer therapeutic, Interferon-alpha (IFNα) is used to treat a number of malignancies. However, the application of IFNα is restricted mostly due to its high toxicity. Therefore, novel combination therapeutic regimens are required to decrease the toxicity of IFNα and enhance its efficacy.

Sleep-disordered breathing: clinical features, pathophysiology and diagnosis.

In recent decades, the association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases (including hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke) has been the focus of interest of both clinicians and researchers. A growing concern is the increasing prevalence of SDB in the general population, which can be partly explained by the rise in obesity prevalence and population aging, as well as by the development of enhanced diagnostic tools and approaches. Because of evidence of adverse long-term effects of SDB on cardiovascular morbidity and overall mortality, systematic screening for SDB should be considered for populations at risk.

[Anticoagulation Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure].

Modern data on the need to appoint oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and concomitant heart failure. Based on the Phase III study analysis comparing the direct oral anticoagulant warfarin and meta-analysis shows that taking direct oral coagulants no less effective and safer than warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure, which affects significantly fewer intracranial and heavy bleeding.

[Intraoperative fluorescence diagnosis using 5-aminolevulinic acid in surgical treatment of children with recurrent neuroepithelial tumors].

Aim: To analyze the efficacy and safety of 5-aminolevulinic acid for intraoperative fluorescence diagnosis (FD) during repeated surgery for recurrent neuroepithelial tumors (NETs) in children.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the results of recurrent NET resection in 13 children aged from 3 to 17 years in the period between December 2013 and May 2015. The source of 5-ALA was a drug "Alasens" that was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight 4 h before the beginning of tumor resection.

[Adipokines Level in Metabolically Healthy Obese Saint-Petersburg Inhabitants (ESSE-RF)].

Aim: to elucidate prevalence of phenotypes of metabolically heathy obesity (MHO) among inhabitants of Saint-Petersburg using various criteria and assess dependence levels of adipokines on obesity phenotype.

Material And Methods: Within a framework of epidemiologic study ESSE-RF we formed a random sample of 1600 Saint-Petersburg inhabitants stratified according to gender and age. Examination of participants included anthropometry with measurement of waist circumference CRP and estimation of body mass index (BMI), measurement of arterial pressure, determination of fasting blood glucose, insulin (with calculation of index of insulin resistance -IIR), lipid spectrum, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, leptin.

E3 ubiquitin ligase Pirh2 enhances tumorigenic properties of human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells.

The product of human gene, Pirh2, is a RING-finger containing E3 ligase that modifies p53 with ubiquitin residues resulting in its subsequent degradation in proteasomes. Transcription of is regulated by p53 itself thus forming a negative regulatory feedback loop. Functionally, by eliminating p53, Pirh2 facilitates tumorigenesis.

One-carbon metabolism and nucleotide biosynthesis as attractive targets for anticancer therapy.

Cancer-related metabolism has recently emerged as one of the "hallmarks of cancer". It has several important features, including altered metabolism of glucose and glutamine. Importantly, altered cancer metabolism connects different biochemical pathways into the one fine-tuned metabolic network, which stimulates high proliferation rates and plasticity to malignant cells.

Extrapontine myelinolysis developed after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (a case report and literature review).

Topicality: Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis is a rare and dangerous form of the demyelinating process of undefined origin, the development of which is associated with a very low sodium level in the blood (hypernatremia).

Objective: To describe a rare case of extrapontine myelinolysis as a complication occurring in the hemorrhagic period of anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture as well as to demonstrate that this condition can be diagnosed intravitally.

Conclusion: Clinical vigilance of extrapontine myelinolysis may promote the timely diagnosis and treatment of this disease, which is a potential cause of death.

Fasting glycemia at the first prenatal visit and pregnancy outcomes in Russian women.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between fasting glycemia (FG) at the first prenatal visit and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Medical records of 1584 pregnant women with a recorded level of FG <7 mmol/L before 24 weeks of gestation and delivery after 24 weeks were examined 823 of them underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-32 weeks of pregnancy. FG values were devided into five groups starting with <4.

Heparinase treatment of heparin-contaminated plasma from coronary artery bypass grafting patients enables reliable quantification of microRNAs.

Background: microRNAs have recently been identified as powerful biomarkers of human disease. Reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based quantification of nucleic acids in clinical samples contaminated with polymerase inhibitor heparin requires deheparinization. However, the effects of deheparinization procedure on quantification of nucleic acids remain largely unknown.

Gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis and treatment goals: measurement and measures.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes. It is the most common complication of pregnancy and is the most common type of diabetes during pregnancy. Its high prevalence is determined by the increasing epidemic of obesity and by the diagnostic criteria applied.

Fasting glycemia at the first prenatal visit and pregnancy outcomes in russian women.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between fasting glycemia (FG) at the first prenatal visit and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of 1,584 pregnant women with a recorded level of FG before 24 weeks of gestation were examined. Subjects with pregestational diabetes or delivery before 24 weeks were excluded.

Is Mixed Apnea Associated with Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep a Reversible Compensatory Sign of Heart Failure?

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing is common in heart failure (HF), and prolonged circulation time and diminished pulmonary volume are considered the main possible causes of sleep apnea in these patients. However, the impact and interrelation between sleep apnea and HF development are unclear. We report the case of a patient with complete elimination of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep-associated mixed apnea in HF after heart transplantation.

[Pulmonary Hypertension in Takayasu Arteritis].

Takayasu arteritis is well-known rare form of large vessel vasculitis. Pulmonary involvement is observed in 50% of cases. However, pulmonary hypertension is a rare complication of pulmonary artery stenosis.

[The efficacy and safety of teraligen in patients with brain ischemia, stages I and II, and psychoautonomic syndrome].

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of teraligen in patients with psychoautonomic syndrome comorbid to brain ischemia.

Material And Methods: Forty-five patients, aged from 42 to 65 years (mean age 56 years), diagnosed with brain ischemia, stages I and II, with the signs of psychoautonomic syndrome were examined. Thirty-five patients received teraligen in the daily dose of 15 mg.