Novel Insights on the Biology and Immunological Effects of Histamine: A Road Map for Allergists and Mast Cell Biologists.

Histamine (CHN, molecular weight 111.15 g/mol) is a well-studied endogenous biogenic amine composed of an imidazole ring attached to an ethylamine side chain. It has a limited half-life of a few minutes within tissues and in circulation.

Chronic spontaneous urticaria remission definition and therapy stepping-down. WAO Position Paper.

Background: There is no global agreement on the definition of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) remission.

Objective: To generate a consensus for clinical definitions in CSU focused on remission.

Methods: The World Allergy Organization (WAO) Urticaria Committee systematically reviewed current available longitudinal articles.

An Analysis of Meteorological and Environmental Factors Linked to Thunderstorm Asthma in China.

Background: Thunderstorm Asthma (TA) events are observed worldwide, but the precise triggering mechanisms remain elusive.

Objective: This study aims to outline the environmental patterns associated with TA events in China.

Methods: Environmental data was collected from Chinese cities that have experienced TA events, focusing on meteorological conditions in the seven days preceding the thunderstorms.

[A preliminary study on the short-term effectiveness and safety of sublingual immunotherapy-spray for patients with respiratory allergy].

To investigate the short-term effectiveness and safety of sublingual allergen immunotherapy with allergen sprays (SLIT-sprays) in Chinese patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) with or without asthma using real-world data. The retrospective cohort study included 100 patients who received SLIT-sprays in the ENT departments in Hainan Shulan (Boao) Hospital and Boao Super Hospital between October 2023 and August 2024. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect clinical data on the effectiveness and safety of SLIT-sprays, examining the types and incidence of adverse events (AEs) during treatment, treatments after the occurrence of AEs, and changes in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores before and after SLIT-sprays.

Causative diseases of bloody sputum and hemoptysis in respiratory clinics in Japan.

Background: No previous studies have compared respiratory clinics and respiratory specialized facilities regarding causative diseases for bloody sputum and hemoptysis in Japan.

Methods: We retrospectively compared causative diseases for bloody sputum and hemoptysis between 3 respiratory clinics (clinic group) and 7 departments of respiratory medicine at hospitals (hospital group) in Japan.

Results: We collected data from 231 patients (median age, 51 years; age range, 24-96 years; 109 men (47.

English version of clinical practice guidelines for the management of atopic dermatitis 2024.

This is the English version of the 2024 clinical practice guidelines for the management of atopic dermatitis (AD). AD is a disease characterized by relapsing eczema with pruritus as a primary lesion. A crucial aspect of AD treatment is the prompt induction of remission via the suppression of existing skin inflammation and pruritus.

Navigating the metabolic landscape of regulatory T cells: from autoimmune diseases to tumor microenvironments.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis, playing crucial roles in modulating autoimmune conditions and contributing to the suppressive tumor microenvironment. Their cellular metabolism governs their generation, stability, proliferation, and suppressive function. Enhancing Treg metabolism to boost their suppressive function offers promising therapeutic potential for alleviating inflammatory symptoms in autoimmune diseases.

Dupilumab as an Adjunct to Oral Immunotherapy in Pediatric Patients With Peanut Allergy.

Background: Peanut allergy is a common, life-threatening food allergy in children. We evaluated whether dupilumab, which blocks the activity of interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13, enhances the efficacy of oral immunotherapy (OIT) AR101 in pediatric patients with peanut allergy.

Methods: A Phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study was conducted in the USA (NCT03682770) in pediatric patients (6-≤ 17 years old) with confirmed peanut allergy.

Risk association model for atelectasis complication in pneumonia patients following standardized treatment.

Background: pneumonia (MPP) is a common disease of childhood pneumonia, and atelectasis is a serious comorbidity. Traditional diagnostic methods for MPP are limited by low accuracy, emphasizing the need for improved diagnostic approaches. This study aimed to establish a predictive scoring model for early detection of MPP complicated with atelectasis following standardized treatment.

Occupational anaphylaxis: A Position Paper of the German Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI).

Background: Anaphylaxis is a systemic allergic reaction that is potentially life-threatening. Occupational anaphylaxis is an anaphylaxis that occurs in an occupational context. In this position paper, we propose diagnostic criteria for occupational anaphylaxis and provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in terms of prevalence, triggers, prevention, and management.

Prevalence and causes of subacute cough in Japan.

Background: Subacute cough is subdivided and distinguished from chronic cough, because post-infectious cough is considered to be the main cause of subacute cough and differs from acute and chronic cough. However, the details of the spectrum and frequency of causes of subacute cough remain unclear because only two studies on subacute cough have been published.

Methods: Patients who presented with cough that lasted for 3-8 weeks and visited respiratory clinics or hospitals affiliated with the Japan Cough Society during 2 years were studied.

Relationship between frequency of yogurt consumption at 1 year of age and development at 3 years of age: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Background: Multiple observational studies have demonstrated the health benefits of yogurt, which are considered due to yogurt's positive effects on the gut microbiota. It is also known that the intestinal microbiota is associated with cognitive and emotional functions. Although the intake of probiotics has been reported to improve neurodevelopmental symptoms in children, no large-scale studies have examined the association of yogurt consumption in early childhood with later neurodevelopmental status.

Efficacy and Safety of Montelukast+Levocetirizine Combination Therapy Compared to Montelukast Monotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis in Children.

Purpose: The combination therapy of leukotriene receptor antagonists and antihistamines may alleviate allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms better than monotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of Monterizine, a fixed-dose combination of montelukast and levocetirizine, compared to montelukast monotherapy in pediatric patients with AR.

Methods: One hundred seventy-six children aged 6 to 14 years with perennial AR symptoms were recruited.

Multiomics approaches disclose very-early molecular and cellular switches during insect-venom allergen-specific immunotherapy: an observational study.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces immune tolerance, showing the highest success rate (>95%) for insect venom while a much lower chance for pollen allergy. However, the molecular switches leading to successful durable tolerance restoration remain elusive. The primary outcome of this observational study is the comprehensive immunological cellular characterization during the AIT initiation phase, whereas the secondary outcomes are the serological and Th2-cell-type-specific transcriptomic analyses.

Prospective association between food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis in infancy and constipation after age 3.

We sought to prospectively evaluate whether food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) during infancy is associated with increased constipation later in childhood. Using the Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Allergic Proctocolitis (GMAP) cohort, we reviewed charts of children with prospective parent-reported constipation after age 3 to confirm the diagnosis of constipation. A diagnosis of FPIAP was based on pediatrician diagnosis and required guaiac-positive or grossly bloody stools, as previously published.

Questionnaire-based real-world survey of diagnosing food allergy in children: Utilization of oral food challenge tests and other diagnostic methods.

Background: Oral food challenge tests are considered the reference standard for diagnosing food allergies; however, studies on their real-world implementation rates are limited.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the proportion of school-age children who underwent the oral food challenge test and to understand the motivations behind food elimination and utilization of various health care services.

Methods: The questionnaire-based survey for the parents of the students who submitted the "Certificate for School Life Management (For Allergic Diseases)" was conducted across public elementary and junior high schools in Gifu prefecture, Japan.

Global change, climate change, and asthma in children: Direct and indirect effects - A WAO Pediatric Asthma Committee Report.

The twenty-first century has seen a fundamental shift in disease epidemiology with anthropogenic environmental change emerging as the likely dominant factor affecting the distribution and severity of current and future human disease. This is especially true of allergic diseases and asthma with their intimate relationship with the natural environment. Climate change-related variables including increased ambient temperature, heat waves, extreme weather events, air pollution, and rainfall distribution, all can affect asthma in children, but each of these variables also affects asthma via alterations in pollen production and release, outdoor allergen exposure or the microbiome.