NF-κB signaling is the major inflammatory pathway for inducing insulin resistance.

Unlabelled: Insulin resistance is major factor in the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We extracted 430 genes from literature associated with both insulin resistance and inflammation. The highly significant pathways were Toll-like receptor signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, pathways in cancer, TNF signaling, and NF-kappa B signaling.

The dichotomy between probiotic lactic acid bacteria and Plasmodium: A promising therapeutic avenue.

Our understanding of gut microbial populations and their immense influence on host immunity, health, and diseases has increased deeply in recent years. Numerous reports have identified the role of mosquito and mammalian gut microbiota in the modulation of host susceptibility to Plasmodium infection. Artemisinin resistance in malaria-endemic regions necessitates the development of new, safer, and more affordable treatments to supplement existing therapies.

Poly(acrylamide)-co-poly(hydroxyethyl)methacrylate-co-poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) hydrogel platform for stability, storage and biocatalytic applications of urease.

In our present work, an explicit crosslinked thermo-responsive hydrogel platform has been developed, by using polyacrylamide (PAAm), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (PCHMA), and then coupled with urease to yield bioconjugates (BCs). Synergic effect of these polymer units provides thermoresponsive nature, optimum crosslinking with desired swelling behaviour, and stability and improved catalytic to Urease in the resultant BCs. Synthesis of the terpolymer has been achieved by employing HEMA (monomer as well as crosslinker), instead of using the conventional crosslinkers, through free radical solution polymerization technique.

Ionic Pairing and Selective Solvation of Butylmethylimidazolium Chloride Ion Pairs in DMSO-Water Mixtures: A Comprehensive Examination via Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Potentials of Mean Force Analysis.

Ionic liquids (ILs) with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water act as a promising solvent medium for the dissolution of cellulose in an efficient manner. To develop a proper solvent system, it is really important to understand the thermodynamics of the molecular solutions consisting of ILs, DMSO, and water. The ion-pairing propensity of the ILs in the presence of DMSO and water plays a crucial role in governing the property of the solvent mixtures.

3D-Printed Impedance Micropump for Continuous Perfusion of the Sample and Nutrient Medium Integrated with a Liver-On-Chip Prototype.

In recent decades, organ-on-chip devices have gained substantial interest as an alternative for studying the pathophysiological processes relevant to drug screening. Micropumps are being utilized to simulate the in vivo physiological fluid flow more realistically in these organ-on-chip devices. Micropumps play a crucial role in pumping, perfusion, and circulation of fluids in various microdevices such as on-chip PCR, DNA microarrays, miniature bioreactor cell separation, and lab-on-chip biosensing platforms.

Crystal structure of 4-[(3-meth-oxy-2-oxidobenzyl-idene)azaniumyl]-benzoic acid methanol monosolvate.

In the crystal of the title compound, CHNO·CHOH, the Schiff base mol-ecule exists in the zwitterionic form; an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond stabilizes the mol-ecular structure. The benzene rings are nearly co-planar, subtending a dihedral angle of 5.34 (2)°.

Glycol chitosan functionalized asenapine nanostructured lipid carriers for targeted brain delivery: Pharmacokinetic and teratogenic assessment.

Blood brain barrier (BBB) is a complex, tight barrier between endothelial cells of cerebral blood vessels. It acts as a physical barrier and provides access to only those moieties which are necessary for proper brain functioning. However, this selective prudence also acts as a hindrance in therapeutic targeting of brain necessitating pharmaceutical intervention.

Bougainvillea spectabilis Exhibits Antihyperglycemic and Antioxidant Activities in Experimental Diabetes.

The study investigates the effects of aqueous extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves on blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and on DNA damage, if any, as well as on liver and kidney functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Wistar rats. Daily administration of the aqueous extract of B spectabilis leaves for 28 days resulted in significant reduction in hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia as evident from restoration of relevant biochemical markers following extract administration. The extract also exhibited significant antioxidant activity as evidenced from the enzymatic and nonenzymatic responses and DNA damage markers.

Cuticle bearing fossil leaves from Mio-Pliocene period in the Sub Himalayan zone and its phytogeographical and environmental implications.

A variety of fossil leaves were collected from the Siwalik group of India and Nepal. Few of them possessing sufficient cuticle were identified on the basis of morphological and cuticular features (epidermal cells, stomatal density, stomatal index etc). They closely resembled with the extant taxa, Pterospermum acerifolium (Sterculiaceae), Dichapetolum gelonioides (Dichapetalaceae), Paranephelium mocrophyllum, P.

On the time course of exogenous cueing effects in bilinguals: higher proficiency in a second language is associated with more rapid endogenous disengagement.

Previous investigations have demonstrated a bilingual advantage on various aspects of executive control. It remains unclear how the language proficiency of bilinguals might relate to the mechanisms involved in attentional disengagement. In the present investigation, we tested the hypothesis that high bilingual proficiency would lead to a more rapid endogenous disengagement of attention from task-irrelevant peripheral cues.

Simulating motion in figurative language comprehension.

In this visual world eye tracking study we explored simulation of fictive motion during language comprehension in figurative sentences in Hindi. Eye movement measures suggest that language comprehenders gaze longer at visual scenes on hearing fictive motion sentences compared to their literal counterparts. The results support previous findings in English and provide cross linguistic evidence for the simulation and embodied views of language processing.

Interaction of language and visual attention: evidence from production and comprehension.

Recent developments in multimodal interactions in language processing have revealed important facts about the important controlling influence of the attentional system on language behavior. In this chapter, we cover the attentional system that is important for language processing and its interaction with the microstructure of the linguistic system. We argue that to understand the origin of language-mediated eye movements; we must integrate neuronal mechanisms of saccade generation with language processing.

Hepatitis E epidemic with bimodal peak in a town of north India.

Introduction: An epidemic of viral hepatitis occurred in Mandi Gobindgarh town of Punjab in northern India during year 2005-06. An attempt was made to study the outbreak clinically, serologically, and etiologically.

Methods: Line listing and spot mapping of all cases of jaundice presented to civil hospital was done.

Screening of brick-kiln area soil for determination of heavy metal Pb using LIBS.

Rapid measurement of heavy metals in soil is an important factor in modeling the effect of industrial pollution on agricultural soil. Conventional methods of heavy metal analysis are relatively slow in terms of measurement/analysis time and sample preparation time with the requirement of skilled manpower. Our results highlight the quantitative analysis of toxic metal lead (Pb), for the first time, in an Indian agricultural soil, in the vicinity of brick-kiln area, Phaphamau, near Allahabad, India, by using a novel technique named as Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).

Oscillatory metallic behaviour of carbon nanotube superlattices-an ab initio study.

We study the structural, electronic and optical properties of the (n,n)/(2n,0);n = 3 and 6 superlattices of carbon nanotubes (CNs) by employing the first principles pseudo-potential method within density functional theory (DFT) in the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). There occur pentagon-heptagon defects along the circumference of the heterojunction of these superlattices. The role of the length of the superlattice unit cell on the electronic and optical properties has been investigated.

Mobile phone consultation for community health care in rural north India.

We conducted a study to ascertain the acceptability and feasibility of consultation by mobile phone in a rural area of northern India. The mobile phone number of a community physician was advertised to the general public and people were invited to telephone at any time for a medical consultation. Details of the calls received were recorded.

Utility of toluidine blue staining and brush biopsy in precancerous and cancerous oral lesions.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of toluidine blue and brush biopsy in precancerous oral lesions and squamous cell carcinoma.

Study Design: The study was conducted at Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, India. Ninety-six patients with suspicious oral lesions who attended the outpatient clinics of otorhinolaryngology were screened with in vivo toluidine blue staining and oral brush biopsy.

Structural, electronic and vibrational properties of small Ga(x)N(y) (x+y = 2-5) nanoclusters: a B3LYP-DFT study.

An ab initio study of the stability, structural and electronic properties has been made for 49 gallium nitride nanoclusters, Ga(x)N(y) (x+y = 2-5). Among the various configurations corresponding to a fixed x+y = n value, the configuration possessing the maximum value of binding energy (BE) is named as the most stable structure. The vibrational and optical properties have been investigated only for the most stable structures.

Diet, nutritional status and food related traditions of Oraon tribes of New Mal (West Bengal), India.

Introduction: According to the 2001 census conducted by the Government of India, India has more than 84 million tribals who constitute 8.2% of India's population. The Oraons are an agricultural tribe found mainly in Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.

Ab-initio study of the structural and electronic properties of very thin silver nanowires.

An ab initio study of the energetics, structural, and electronic properties of thin silver nanowires of Ag(n) with n = 1 to 6 has been made in density functional theory in local density approximation. The present study reveals that all of the wires are stable except the wire with 3 silver atoms per unit cell. The linear chain is comparatively less stable.

Structural and vibrational properties of small carbon clusters.

An ab-initio comprehensive study of the stability and structural and vibrational properties of small carbon clusters, CN for N = 1-10, has been made. We use a self-consistent pseudopotential method within density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation considering spin polarization. The estimated values of binding energies for the various clusters are overestimated in the non-spin-polarized calculations.

Electrophoretic analysis of polypeptides and glycopeptides of erythrocyte membrane sampled from rats simulating mild insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

In order to understand the molecular mechanism of reduced life span of diabetic erythrocyte, polypeptides and glycopeptides were analyzed by disc gel preparative sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. An additional glycopeptide (244.5 kDa) and two additional polypeptides (39.

New Band Systems of the YbCl Molecule.

The thermal emission spectrum of the YbCl molecule, lying in the 3800-6000 A region, has been photographed for the first time at a reciprocal linear dispersion of 7.3 A/mm. More than 196 violet degraded bands have been recorded on a 2-m plane grating spectrograph in first order and assigned to the vibrational schemes of six systems, viz.