Highly Targeted Detection of Priority Phytopathogen : From Obtaining Polyclonal Antibodies to Development and Approbation of Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay and Lateral Flow Immunoassay.

is a bacterial phytopathogen that causes soft and black rot and actively spreads worldwide. Our study is the first development of immunoassays for detecting . We immunized rabbits and obtained serum with an extremely high titer (1:10).

A checklist of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) from Iran.

The distribution of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) of Iran is summarized and an annotated checklist of the Iranian Eucnemidae is provided. A total of 16 species within 13 genera in four subfamilies of the family are listed.

New species and records of the Rhamphomyia subgenus Holoclera (Diptera, Empididae) from the Palaearctic Region.

New data on the Palaearctic subgenus Holoclera Schiner of dance flies of the genus Rhamphomyia Meigen (Diptera: Empididae) are reported. Three new species are described: Rhamphomyia (Holoclera) richterae sp. nov.

To the knowledge of the aphidiine wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from China.

A new species of the aphidiine parasitoid Binodoxys yunnanicus Davidian, sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China.

Rhinoceromyia, a peculiar new genus of long-legged flies from Guinea (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Dolichopodinae).

The genus Rhinoceromyia Grichanov gen. nov. is described from the tropical forest of southeastern Guinea to accommodate a new species, Rhinoceromyia dubrovskii Grichanov sp.

Review of the genus Scolopostethus Fieber, 1860 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae) from Central Asia with description of a new species.

Prior to this study, five species of the genus Scolopostethus Fieber, 1860 were documented from Central Asia. Thorough examination of the collection retained at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg), resulted in the description of a new species from this region, S.

Computational Prediction and Structural Analysis of α-Hairpinins, a Ubiquitous Family of Antimicrobial Peptides, Using the Cysmotif Searcher Pipeline.

Background: α-Hairpinins are a family of antimicrobial peptides, promising antimicrobial agents, which includes only 12 currently revealed members with proven activity, although their real number is supposed to be much higher. α-Hairpinins are short peptides containing four cysteine residues arranged in a specific Cys-motif. These antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have a characteristic helix-loop-helix structure with two disulfide bonds.

Climate change effect on the widely distributed Palearctic plant bug species (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae).

Insects are poikilothermic organisms and temperature increase usually accelerates their development rates, population and distribution area growth. Therefore, it is assumed that global warming can be beneficial for the pests and other widespread species at least in the relatively cool temperate zones. However, climate change's effect on the widespread species in the Palearctic remains poorly studied.

Ecological safety of insecticide based on entomopathogenic virus DsCPV-1 for nontarget invertebrates.

For the first time under laboratory conditions, the virulence of a unique cypovirus strain, DsCPV-1, which has broad host specificity, was tested on nontarget aquatic organisms (natural species: Gammarus lacustris, Anopheles messeae, Coenagrion lunulatum, Cloeon robusta, Chironomus sp., Ilyocoris cimicoides, and Plea minutissima; laboratory species: Aedes aegypti and Daphnia magna), a terrestrial pollinator species (Apis mellifera), and an entomophage (Podisus maculiventris). The probability of this virus's accumulation in the bodies of invertebrates and of its transmission along a trophic chain was evaluated by two approaches: bioassays and a molecular diagnostic analysis.

Diversity of Northwestern and North Caucasian Populations of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici by Virulence and Microsatellite Loci in 2022.

Yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)) is a potentially dangerous disease of wheat.

Microsporidia-cypovirus interactions during simultaneous infection of the tree defoliator Dendrolimus sibiricus (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae).

The Siberian moth, Dendrolimus sibiricus is a dangerous forest defoliator, the number one pest of boreal forests in Asia. Search for effective and ecologically friendly control measures drives attention to microbial pathogens. Viruses and microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites widespread in insect populations causing either chronic or acute infections.

Complex of Defense Polypeptides of Wheatgrass () Associated with Plant Immunity to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Factors.

Plant defense polypeptides play a crucial role in providing plants with constitutive immunity against various biotic and abiotic stressors. In this study, we explored a complex of proteins from wheatgrass () spikelets to estimate their role in the plant's tolerance to various environmental factors. The current research shows that in vitro protein extracts from spikelets possess antifungal activity against certain species, which are specific cereal pathogens, at concentrations of 1-2 mg/mL.

Reappraisal of causing white tip disease of Canada thistle as a new species, , sp. nov., and bioactivity of its major metabolites.

Bioherbicides are expected to be a supplement to integrated pest management, assisting in the control of problematic weed species. For instance, bioherbicides (Phoma and BioPhoma) were recently registered in Canada and the USA for the control of some perennial dicotyledonous weeds in lawns. These products are based on strains of the fungus (syn.

Delimitation of the widely distributed Palearctic species (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae): insights from molecular and morphological data.

Species delimitation presents a significant challenge in biology, particularly in systematics. Here, an integrative approach is employed to assess the species boundaries of widely distributed Palearctic species. Due to their diversity, wide distribution, and the absence of comprehensive morphological and molecular data for most species, revising is both daunting and time-consuming.

New Insights into spp.-Produced Antibiotics: Genetic Regulation of Biosynthesis and Implementation in Biotechnology.

bacteria are renowned for their remarkable capacity to synthesize antibiotics, namely mupirocin, gluconic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). While these substances are extensively employed in agricultural biotechnology to safeguard plants against harmful bacteria and fungi, their potential for human medicine and healthcare remains highly promising for common science. However, the challenge of obtaining stable producers that yield higher quantities of these antibiotics continues to be a pertinent concern in modern biotechnology.

Phytotoxic Strains of Isolated from Truffles.

Most species are known as endophytes and/or phytopathogens of higher plants and have a worldwide distribution. Recently, information discovered with molecular tools has been also published about the presence of these fungi in the microbiome of truffle fruiting bodies. In the present work, we isolated and identified three strains from truffle fruiting bodies.

Molecular cytogenetic characteristics of new spring bread wheat introgressive lines resistant to stem rust.

Anticipatory wheat breeding for pathogen resistance is key to preventing economically significant crop losses caused by diseases. Recently, the harmfulness of a dangerous wheat disease, stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp.

Revision of sections and : Assessment of species boundaries, determination of mating-type loci, and identification of Russian strains.

is a large genus within Pleosporaceae and consists of fungi that have up to recently been considered to be 15 separate genera, including . The majority of species after incorporation into were placed in three sections: , and . In this study, phylogeny of 26 reference strains of 22 species and 20 Russian -like isolates was recovered.

Storing up Treasures: Storage Potential of (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) Nymphs for Application in Biological Control.

Long-term storage is an important component of insect mass-rearing systems, prolonging the shelf life of biocontrol agents during a low-demand period or a temporary lack of suitable food. is a predatory heteropteran, mass-reared and widely used for the biological control of arthropod pests in greenhouses. With the aim to determine the optimal conditions and acceptable duration of cold storage, we evaluated the impact of different periods of storage of fed and starved third instar nymphs of at different temperatures on nymphal survival, adult emergence, and female fecundity.

Molecular phylogeny reveals Varroa mites are not a separate family but a subfamily of Laelapidae.

Varroa mites, notorious for parasitizing honeybees, are generally classified as Varroidae. Their extremely modified morphologies and behaviors have led to debates regarding their phylogenetic position and classification as an independent family. In this study, two different datasets were employed to reconstruct the phylogenies of Varroa mites and related Laelapidae species: (1) 9257 bp from the whole 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes of 24 taxa, (2) 3158 bp from 113 taxa using Sanger sequencing of four nuclear loci.

Biological invasions are a population-level rather than a species-level phenomenon.

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio-economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general-via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e.

Germination and Growth Characteristics of Knockout and Knockout Barley Lines under Salt Stress.

genes () and () play a regulatory role in cuticle organization. Because the cuticle is a key evolutionary acquisition of plants for protection against environmental factors, a knockout (KO) of each gene may alter their ability to adapt to unfavorable conditions. A potential pleiotropic effect of or gene mutations can be assessed under salt stress.