Implementing a healthcare-associated bloodstream infection surveillance network in India: a mixed-methods study on the best practices, challenges and opportunities, 2022.

Background: Healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (BSI) threaten patient safety and are the third most common healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in low- and middle-income countries. An intensive-care-unit (ICU) based HAI surveillance network recording BSIs was started in India in 2017. We evaluated this surveillance network's ability to detect BSI to identify best practices, challenges, and opportunities in its implementation.

Nutrient foramina of human fibula: morphometric analysis and clinical relevance.

Background: The fibula, situated laterally in the leg, receives vital nutrition through nutrient arteries during embryonic bone growth and early ossification. This study aims to assess the direction, distance, location, number, and foraminal index of nutrient foramina in dry fibulae from the South Indian population.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis involved 63 dry adult human fibulae sourced from the Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam.

Difference of Neck Shortening in Femoral Neck Fracture between Femoral Neck System and Multiple Cannulated Cancellous Screws: Single Center, Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Fracture union after osteosynthesis of a fracture neck femur (FNF) occurs by compression of the fracture ends and potential neck shortening. Selection of an implant for fixation of a femoral fracture of the neck can be challenging when making management decisions. Femoral neck shortening after internal fixation of FNFs using a femoral neck system (FNS) or multiple cannulated cancellous screws (MCS) was compared.

Presentation and Management of Facial Fractures: An Experience from a Tertiary-Care Teaching Institute in India.

Background: Most tertiary-care teaching institutes in low and middle-income nations lack dedicated oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) units in the emergency trauma centers. Consequently, most facial fractures need to be managed in the otolaryngology and head-neck surgery (ORL-HNS) setup.

Objectives: To present a study on a series of patients with facial fractures attending the emergency and outpatient departments of ORL-HNS in a tertiary-care teaching institute in India that lacked the facility of OMFS in its emergency trauma center.

Assessment of patient satisfaction levels with teleconsultation services at a tertiary care cancer center in a developing country: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Telemedicine use in healthcare is rising. However, infrastructural barriers may impede implementation in lower- and middle-income country settings. Patient perspectives regarding teleconsultation need to be explored.

Comparing effectiveness of 3-needle approach versus 5-needle approach of genicular nerve block on pain and quality of life in chronic osteoarthritis of knee: a double blinded randomised controlled trial.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis [KOA] is a common musculoskeletal disorder that is characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone. It leads to pain and functional limitations in the joint. Genicular Nerve Blocks [GNB] or Genicular Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation [GNRFA] are pain-reducing procedures that can be used in such patients.

Factors Influencing the Quality of Life (QOL) of Advanced Cancer Patients in Home-based Palliative Care (HBPC): A Systematic Review.

Context: Despite the widespread recognition of the need for new palliative care models to better serve advanced cancer patients at the end of life, little importance is given to assessing the effectiveness of homecare models.

Objective: This systematic review aims to summarize factors influencing the quality of life (QOL) of advanced cancer patients in home-based palliative care (HBPC) being adopted worldwide.

Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus databases from 2000 to February 2024 were systematically searched using predetermined search terms of "quality of life", "home-based palliative care" as well as "advanced cancer".

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Following Blood Transfusion in a Patient With Chronic Anemia: A Case Report.

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by transient constriction and dilation of cerebral arteries, leading to severe headaches and neurological deficits. This case report describes a 41-year-old woman with chronic anemia, acute chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis who developed RCVS following transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). She experienced sudden-onset seizures and a thunderclap headache 5 days post-transfusion.

Frictional Performance of Geometrically Modified Footwear Outsoles with Obliquely Oriented Tread Patterns.

OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONSWe systematically examined the effect of obliquely-oriented shoe tread channels on traction performance, by manipulating tread angle, thickness, and gap width across 24 outsole designs. Through robotic slipping tribotesting and computational fluid dynamics modeling, outsoles with a tread inclination angle of 75 and 105 degrees, 2 mm tread thickness, and 5 mm gap width exhibited superior dry and wet traction. This work introduces experimental and computational techniques, offering potential for footwear manufacturers and those who prefer formal shoes to understand the effect of designs on the slip-resistance of a footwear for better safety.

Mirror hand and its management: a case report.

Background: Mirror hand is a rare congenital anomaly. Most of these cases are sporadic and associated with defective sonic hedgehog during embryogenesis. In this report, we present the case of a child with this rare congenital anomaly and its management.

Dissemination Presenting With Encephalopathy and Epidural Abscess.

Staphylococcal infection is a common bacterial disease with common clinical features. Untreated infection, especially in immunosenescence cases, can affect other organs. This can lead to multiorgan dysfunction and cause increased morbidity and mortality.

Prediction of H3K27M alteration in midline gliomas of the brain using radiomics: A multi-institute study.

Background: Noninvasive prediction of H3K27M-altered Diffuse midline gliomas is important because of the involvement of deep locations and proximity to eloquent structures. We aim to predict H3K27M alteration in midline gliomas using radiomics features of T2W images.

Methods: Radiomics features extracted from 124 subjects (69 H3K27M-altered/55 H3K27M-wild type).

Circadian immunometabolism: A future insight for targeted therapy in cancer.

Circadian rhythms send messages to regulate the sleep-wake cycle in living beings, which, regulate various biological activities. It is well known that altered sleep-wake cycles affect host metabolism and significantly deregulate the host immunity. The dysregulation of circadian-related genes is critical for various malignancies.

Meta-Analysis on the Racial Disparity of Outcomes Following Alcohol Septal Ablation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent cardiac condition that often leads to heart failure, exertional syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Despite the availability of various treatments for HCM, such as septal reduction therapy through surgical septal myectomy or alcohol septal ablation (ASA), disparities in access to care and treatment outcomes persist, particularly among marginalized racial and ethnic groups. These disparities underscore the importance of understanding the influence of race, ethnicity, and regional factors on the management and outcomes of HCM, necessitating a closer examination of whether access to ASA and its associated benefits is equitably distributed across diverse populations.

Veronaea botryosa induced cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in a renal transplant recipient- An intriguing report from India.

We describe a rare case of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis by Veronaea botryosa in a renal transplant recipient from India. The patient presented with a nodule on the dorsum of right hand which resolved completely after 6 months of voriconazole therapy. The identity of the fungus was confirmed by sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA.

A novel dual-staining method for cost-effective visualization and differentiation of microbial biofilms.

Microbial biofilms are intricate communities that pose significant challenges in clinical and microbiological settings due to their resistance to antibiotics and immune responses. Advanced microscopy techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and fluorescence microscopy, are often employed to visualize and differentiate between these biofilms. However, these methods are not feasible in all laboratories because of their high cost and complexity.

PlQC based highly sensitive and reproducible novel SERS active substrate for biomolecule detection with high specificity.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful tool for biomolecule sensing. When combined with a broadband plasmonic structure, label-free, highly sensitive detection of specific molecules is possible. It is non-invasive, sensitive, fast, and can be used for in-situ analysis, unlike enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, fluorescence immunoassay, and radioimmunoassay.

Navigating Misplaced Catheters: How Point-of-Care Ultrasound Averted Sternotomy.

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has established its role as a "third eye of a clinician" by virtue of its ability to provide real-time visual information. The present case highlights the role of POCUS in an 11-year-old girl with a misplaced hemodialysis catheter scheduled for surgical exploration with the removal of the catheter and direct arterial repair.