Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) of the cervix: differential diagnosis and a favourable oncological outcome with multimodality treatment.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) are aggressive sarcomas that occur rarely in the cervix. Considering the varied clinical features and the absence of a pathognomonic immunohistochemical marker, it is always challenging to diagnose these tumours. Treatment has not been standardised as yet, but a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy is used to treat MPNSTs of the cervix.

Identification of dengue virus serotype and genotype: A comprehensive study from AIIMS Patna, Bihar.

Purpose: Dengue virus, a major global health concern, exhibits significant genetic diversity, leading to distinct serotypes and genotypes. Dengue is the second most common disease spread by mosquitoes that infect humans, after malaria. In recent decades, there has also been a shift in the tendencies of virus transmission from urban to peri-urban and rural settings.

Utility of Novel Radiohybrid PSMA Ligands in PET Imaging of Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: Radiohybrid prostate-specific membrane antigen (rhPSMA) ligands are a novel class of radiopharmaceuticals developed for potential theranostic application in prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to consolidate existing evidence on utility of 18F-rhPSMA-7/7.3 for PET imaging in PCa in the setting of biochemical recurrence (BCR).

Aberrant DNA methylation of EDNRB, MGMT and TIMP3 gene promoters in saliva of head and neck carcinoma patients as a diagnostic tool.

Background: Differential DNA methylation in the promoter region of tumour suppressor genes leads to gene function silencing.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the salivary promoter methylation of EDNRB, MGMT and TIMP3 genes in H&NC patients (n = 100), premalignant lesions patients (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 50). Blood and saliva samples were collected from all three groups and 20 concomitant tumour tissues were collected from the H&NC patients.

The Brussels consensus for non-invasive ICP monitoring when invasive systems are not available in the care of TBI patients (the B-ICONIC consensus, recommendations, and management algorithm).

Background: Invasive systems are commonly used for monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are considered the gold standard. The availability of invasive ICP monitoring is heterogeneous, and in low- and middle-income settings, these systems are not routinely employed due to high cost or limited accessibility. The aim of this consensus was to develop recommendations to guide monitoring and ICP-driven therapies in TBI using non-invasive ICP (nICP) systems.

A Survey of the Congenital Glaucoma Surgery Practice Patterns in the Indian Pediatric Glaucoma Society.

Purpose: To assess the practice patterns among the Indian Pediatric Glaucoma Society (IPGS) members in the management of children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: An anonymous 74-question survey was administered online via Qualtrics (Qualtrics, Provo, Utah, USA) using a link sent by email to the 88 IPGS members. The questionnaire comprised five sections and was designed to gather information regarding respondent demographics and specialty training, clinic composition and volume, surgical practices and preferences, follow-up practices, and additional services.

Exploring the Role of Health-care Professionals and Impact of Precision Medicine on Health Outcomes and Efficiency.

The inclusion of precision medicine in medical education represents a paradigm shift, as it is expected to transform the way in which health care will be delivered to patients in future. This shift is predominantly reported as precision medicine strongly advocates for the delivery of personalized care to patients after giving due consideration to the genetic makeup, biomarker level, etc., of the individual patient.

Linear Accelerator (LINAC) Radiosurgical Management of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: An Experience From a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are complex vascular pathologies with a significant risk of hemorrhage. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an effective treatment modality for AVM, initially popularized on the Gamma Knife (Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) platform, and now benefits from the modern advances in linear accelerator (LINAC)-based platforms. This study evaluates the outcomes of LINAC-based SRS/hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (hFSRT) for cerebral AVMs.

Development of the AIIMS Bhopal Pre-sternal Keloid Scale (ABPSKS): A Tool for Assessing Severity and Comparing Treatment Outcomes.

Pre-sternal keloids are a distinct clinicopathological entity differing in many ways from keloids occurring elsewhere, as there are differences in pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management. We have reviewed commonly used assessment scales like the Vancouver Scar Scale, the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and the Detroit Keloid Scale and identified some shortcomings in applying them in assessing pre-sternal keloids. Therefore, we developed the AIIMS Bhopal pre-sternal keloid scale (ABPSKS), a pre-sternal keloid-specific tool to enable the assessment of the severity of the disease, the efficacy of treatment, and the comparison of outcomes of different treatment modalities.

Surgical Outcomes of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy Versus Full Endoscopy for Lumbar Canal Stenosis: A Meta-Analysis.

Lumbar canal stenosis (LCS) is a common cause of chronic lower back pain in the elderly. Traditionally, open decompression surgery has a prolonged recovery, higher blood loss, and more complications. As a result, there remains no clear consensus on which of these minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) techniques, including unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) and full endoscopy (FE), is the optimal technique for LCS treatment.

Nuances in the Treatment of Ewing Sarcoma of the Head and Neck in a Low-Middle-Income Country Setting: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach.

Background: Ewing sarcoma of the head and neck (ES-HN) is a rare subsite of ES, where therapeutic outcomes need to be explored further.

Methods: This retrospective study includes ES-HN patients registered at our center between 2003 and 2019. Demographic details and treatment outcomes were recorded from the hospital database.

Comparison of transcutaneous bilirubin under patch-covered skin with total serum bilirubin in neonates undergoing phototherapy.

Transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TcB) is a recognized tool to monitor neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, demonstrating a high correlation with total serum bilirubin (TSB) before phototherapy. However, once phototherapy is started, TcB may become unreliable. To evaluate the correlation and agreement of TcB measured under variously patched skin at different sites (a coin over the sternum, eye shield over the forehead, and diaper area at the back) with TSB.

Metabolic Tagging Technology of Exosomes- An Updated Review.

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cell types, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication by carrying proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, thus holding significant potential in diagnostics and therapeutics. Accurate labeling of exosomes is vital for studying their biogenesis, trafficking, and functional properties, enabling precise tracking and manipulation. This review examines current labeling techniques, including metabolic glycan labeling, chemical tagging, membrane fluorescent dyes, bio-conjugation, non-covalent labeling, and cell-engineering approaches.

Healthcare worker views on antimicrobial resistance in chronic respiratory disease.

Background And Objective: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis, however, relatively little is known regarding its impact in chronic respiratory disease and the specific challenges faced by healthcare workers across the world in this field. We aimed to assess global healthcare worker views on the challenges they face regarding AMR in chronic respiratory disease.

Methods: An online survey was sent to healthcare workers globally working in chronic respiratory disease through a European Respiratory Society clinical research collaboration (AMR-Lung) focussed on AMR in chronic lung disease.

Association of frailty with non-laboratory based cardiovascular disease risk score among older adults and elderly population: insights from longitudinal aging study in India (LASI-1st wave).

Introduction: Frailty is an inevitable part of ageing, which is also associated with a variety of chronic diseases, the most common of which are cardiovascular diseases. The WHO non-laboratory-based CVD risk scores are reliable predictors of cardiovascular events and are used in treatment decision-making in primary health-care settings. The current study aims to find the association between the non-laboratory-based CVD risk scores and frailty scores.

Genetic insights into CRP levels in Indian adolescents: confirming adult genetic associations.

CRP is a biomarker of acute inflammation linked to metabolic complications. Given the rising prevalence of these conditions in India, we investigated the genetic basis of CRP levels in Indian adolescents, an underrepresented group in genetic studies, to identify early markers of metabolic risk. We performed a two-phased genome-wide association study (GWAS; N = 5052) and an independent Exome-wide association study (ExWAS; N = 4547), to identify both common and rare genetic variants associated with CRP levels.

The Impact of Inflammatory Cytokines on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Preliminary Investigation.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), defined as two or more consecutive miscarriages before 20 weeks of gestation, affects 1-2% of couples worldwide. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 play critical roles in early pregnancy, while anti-inflammatory cytokines like TGF-β and IL-10 promote immune tolerance to prevent harmful inflammatory responses that play important role in placental and fetal development. This aim of the study is to analyse the levels of inflammatory cytokines in blood serum from RPL patients and healthy women (control).

The impact of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) on anastomotic leak rates and postoperative outcomes in colorectal anastomoses: a systematic review.

Background: Anastomotic leak (AL) is a major complication in colorectal surgery, significantly contributing to perioperative morbidity and mortality. Among strategies to prevent AL, Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography (ICG-FA) has emerged as a promising method for assessing bowel perfusion intraoperatively. This systematic review evaluates the impact of ICG-FA on AL rates and other postoperative outcomes following colorectal anastomoses.

Role of lamins in cellular physiology and cancer.

Lamins, which are crucial type V intermediate filament proteins found in the nuclear lamina, are essential for maintaining the stability and function of the nucleus in higher vertebrates. They are classified into A- and B-types, and their distinct expression patterns contribute to cellular survival, development, and functionality. Lamins emerged during the transition from open to closed mitosis, with their complexity increasing alongside organism evolution.