Predictors of encephalitis in children with scrub typhus-associated acute febrile illness.

Scrub typhus (ST) is an emerging public health concern in India. Despite being treatable, 20-30 % of acute febrile illnesses (AFI) progress to encephalitis in endemic regions. This study aimed to identify early markers for encephalitis development in children hospitalized with AFI and positive Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ots) serology.

Primary intrarenal hemangioma - A series of 39 cases.

Intrarenal hemangiomas lack concise clinicopathologic information, due to the predominance of single case reports and inclusion of other vascular neoplasms and hemangiomas of perirenal, hilar, and renal vein origin. Herein, in this multi-institutional study we evaluate clinicopathologic features of 39 intrarenal hemangiomas. The median age was 62 years (range = 27-94 years; 2:1 male to female ratio), with left-sided predominance (left = 21, right = 13; one case was bilateral).

Effectiveness of a Neurocritical Care Course with Problem-Based Learning and Discussion Format in Asia.

Numerous barriers hinder the effective delivery of neurologic care as well as the education of health care professionals in the low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study assessed the knowledge of the participants after Comprehensive Neurocritical Care Course (CN3C) in the LMICs. Data from 177 participants were collected and analyzed.

Safety Study and Compositional Analysis of the Svarnvir-IV Tablet With Special Reference to Its Therapeutic Utility in SARS-CoV-2.

Aim Traditional Ayurvedic herbo-mineral medicines have proven their potential in managing COVID-19. Cell-based assays of the Svarnvir-IV tablet demonstrated the virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 and its therapeutic action, along with safety in cytotoxicity, has been proved. In the present study, in vivo, safety profile and compositional analysis of the Svarnvir-IV tablet were performed.

Atypical Presentation of Carcinoma Breast as Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration on [18F]FDG PET/CT.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) represents a rare group of central nervous system disorders that are unrelated to direct tumor invasion or metastasis but may be triggered by an immune system reaction to a neoplasm or malignant tumor. In many patients, PNS is diagnosed before identifying the primary cancer. In such instances, positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan can assess individuals with suspected PNS enabling the detection of hidden malignancies.

Diagnostic Potential of 99mTc-macroaggregated Albumin Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome: Insights from Two Case Studies and Critical Review of Literature.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a rare pulmonary vascular complication of chronic liver disease characterized by dilatation of pulmonary capillaries leading to vascular shunting and systemic hypoxemia. Diagnosis of HPS requires documentation of intrapulmonary vasodilation (IPVD), the two most common imaging studies performed for the detection of IPVD include transthoracic contrast echocardiography (TTCE) and 99m-Tc-macroaggregated albumin scintigraphy (99mTc-MAA scan). TTCE has high sensitivity and thus, is the preferred initial investigation, while 99mTc-MAA scan is highly specific and plays an adjuvant role in diagnosis.

Role of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in Evaluation of Tumor Response to Chemoradiation Therapy for Advanced Colorectal Cancer.

Objectives: The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG-PET) computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of tumor response to preoperative/palliative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for advanced colorectal cancer; including metastatic cancer at primary presentation and recurrent cancers with local and/or distant metastasis.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with advanced rectal cancer underwent two point imaging with 18 FDG PET-CT before and after 3 weeks of completion of preoperative/palliative CRT in between 2016 and 2022. Patients with locally recurrent cancer also underwent radical surgery.

Abscopal Effect Demonstrated on [18F]FDG PET/CT in a Case of Renal Cell Carcinoma Postnephrectomy.

Renal cell carcinoma accounts for 3% of all malignancies with many of them presenting with metastasis at the time of presentation. The abscopal effect, a phenomenon characterized by systemic bystander effects on nontargeted lesions due to local therapy, has been extensively studied in the context of radiotherapy and immunotherapy. However, documentation of the abscopal effect following surgery remains limited.

Genu valgum in children with primary hyperparathyroidism: A case series with a review of the literature.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is relatively uncommon in children, and skeletal deformities due to it are even rarer in this age group. Less than 20 such cases have been reported in the English literature. We describe a case series of three patients who presented with genu valgum deformity and were found to have primary hyperparathyroidism on further evaluation.

How the development of chronic morbidity and multimorbidity depends on natural age of menopause: Results from nationally representative cross-sectional Indian study.

Background: Multimorbidity development is linked with the age at menopause. Fewer studies are available to support the findings. This study was conducted to find, how multimorbidity is associated with the natural age of menopause.

How depression impacts on road traffic accidents among older adults and elderly Indians: Evidence from large scale nationally representative survey.

Introduction: With increased urbanization the prevalence of important public health problems like road traffic accidents (RTA) and depression are surging. This study was aimed to determine the association between RTA and depression among Indian population aged ≥45 years.

Methods: Using Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) dataset (April 2017-December 2018), we have conducted this study among older adults (45-59 years) and elderly (≥60 years) Indians.

HIV status of three mining districts of a tribal state in India: Evidence from ICTC data.

Background: Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC) diagnose HIV and STIs early, modifies behavior, reduces vulnerability, and data helps in understanding transmission. Despite having low HIV prevalence, Jharkhand is vulnerable. Post Covid19, HIV has increased.

Acute gastrointestinal and post-acute COVID-19 gastrointestinal syndrome assessment on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scoring system: A questionnaire-based survey.

Background: Post-acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome (PACS) is the persistence of sequel of acute SARS-COV-2 infection. Persistent/acquired gastrointestinal symptoms (GI-PACS) include loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss, abdominal pain, heartburn, dysphagia, altered bowel motility, dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome. The study aimed to assess the short- and long-term GI-PACS syndrome on the GSRS scale.

Association of anemia with poor housing quality among older Indian adults: Multilevel modeling analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional study in India.

Introduction: Anemia is an important public health disorder. There is a significant chunk of India's population residing in poor housing quality with inadequate sanitation and hygiene, which might lead to higher anemia prevalence. The objective was to determine the association between anemia with poor housing quality among the older Indian adult population (≥45 years) as per residence.

Effectiveness of a video-assisted teaching program on menstrual cup usage among women (18-45 years age group) in selected colleges of Patna.

Introduction: Menstrual cups are a sustainable alternative to traditional menstrual products, yet their usage remains low in many regions. In India, only 0.3% of women use menstrual cups, representing a lack of knowledge and a negative attitude towards the use of menstrual cups.

Evaluation of the long-term effects of COVID-19 on pulmonary functions in recovered patients.

Background: It is documented that COVID-19 survivors have prolonged morbidity and functional impairment for many years. Data regarding post-COVID-19 lung functions is lacking from the Indian population. We aim to evaluate the lung functions in such patients after 3-6 months of hospital discharge.

Call for Reforms in the NEET-UG Examination (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test - Undergraduate): Addressing Human Resources in Health for India, the World's Most Populous Country.

The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test for Undergraduate (NEET-UG) in India serves as a unified admission examination for undergraduate medical courses, aiming to standardize assessment across diverse educational backgrounds. Despite its goals, NEET-UG has faced criticism over fairness, excessive reliance on coaching, and its impact on students' holistic development. The article reviews the limitations of the current NEET-UG format and proposes reforms, emphasizing the need to align the syllabus more closely with medical requirements by reducing physics and chemistry content and prioritizing biology.

Influence of perceived impostorism on self-esteem and anxiety among University Nursing Students: Recommendations to implement mentorship program.

Background: The imposter phenomenon (IP) involves feelings of intellectual fraudulence and phoniness in challenging new roles. IP feelings are associated with low self-esteem and anxiety in nursing students, especially during transition or early stages of nursing training. This research aims to find out the prevalence of IP and its relation with self-esteem and anxiety among nursing undergraduates.

Ensuring safe and effective pharmacotherapy: The role of "community pharmacology" in attaining "health for all" from the Indian perspective.

The novel approach of "Community Pharmacology" integrates pharmacological principles with community health to achieve the "Health for all" goal through safe and efficient health care. Pharmacovigilance, medication errors (ME), irrational prescriptions, and antimicrobial resistance in the community could be the key areas. Though life expectancy and other health indicators have improved in India, the disparity between rural and urban quality healthcare access should be addressed.

Evaluating prefrontal changes in depression using functional near-infrared spectroscopy utilizing Stroop test: A comparison with healthy controls.

Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is being increasingly utilized to visualize the brain areas involved in cognitive activity to understand the human brain better. Its portability and easy setup give it an advantage over other functional brain imaging tools. The current study utilizes fNIRS while performing a Stroop test, which is commonly used to assess the impairment of information selection in depression.

A debate on whether drug courts be opened in India: Considerations and pragmatic suggestions.

Drug courts are specialized programs from the courts that aim to offer a chance to individuals with substance-related problems encountering law enforcement to take treatment rather than face incarceration. The aim of this debate is to critically debate the utility, applicability, and feasibility of drug courts in India. This is a theoretical debate based on the existing evidence and considerations of ground realities in the country.