Evaluation of Photoaging and Sun Protection Behavior in Children With Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Group C: A Prospective Analysis.

Thirteen children with xeroderma pigmentosum variant C were evaluated using the Dermoscopic Photoaging Assessment Scale (DPAS), the Glogau scale, and the Sun Protection Behavior Scale (SPBS). Most patients exhibited signs of epidermal photoaging, with pigmentary and vascular changes and poor sun protection behavior (mean SPBS score: 18.92 ± 5.

Designing a summative assessment blueprint in community medicine: an expert consensus approach at All India Institute of Medical Sciences.

Background: Despite the increasing integration of competency-based education in medicine, there remains a significant gap in effectively assessing educational outcomes, underscoring the urgent need for designed assessment blueprints that accurately reflect both curriculum content and competency standards in Community Medicine for undergraduate students. This study, conducted across the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) network, develops a summative assessment blueprint aimed at standardizing evaluations in medical education across diverse geographic locations in India.

Methods: Twenty-five experts from 10 All India Institutes of Medical Science were invited via email and contributed for summative assessment for a theory paper.

Stomach and duodenal ulcer as a cause of death in patients with cancer: a cohort study.

Introduction: Non-cancer deaths are now becoming a significant threat to the health of cancer patients. Death from stomach and duodenal ulcer is linked to cancer due to the side effects of treatment and its pathogenesis. However, guidelines for identifying cancer patients at the highest risk of death from stomach and duodenal ulcer remain unclear.

Antral Preserving Versus Antral Resecting Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Patients with Severe Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: This study aimed to compare outcomes following antral preserving (AP) and antral resecting (AR) laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in terms of weight loss, gastric emptying time, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), resolution of associated medical problems, and complications.

Methods: Patients were prospectively randomized into two groups: the AR group (resection starting 2 cm from the pylorus) and the AP group (resection at 5 cm from the pylorus). Follow-up evaluations included assessments of weight loss using percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) and percentage of total weight loss (%TWL), gastric emptying, GERD symptoms, associated medical problem resolution, residual gastric volume, and complications.

Safety and Efficacy of Ecopipam in Patients with Tourette Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Ecopipam is a selective antagonist of the dopamine D1 receptor, and its efficacy and safety have recently been explored in several clinical trials involving patients with Tourette syndrome (TS). The objectives of this systematic review were to determine the pooled estimate for efficacy [in terms of reduction in tic Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) scores] and safety of oral ecopipam in subjects with TS.

Methods: All clinical trials that explored the efficacy and/or safety of ecopipam in patients with TS were included to determine the pooled estimate for change in YGTSS, Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-TS, and the severity of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsion disorder (OCD), and depressive symptoms, as well as the nature and frequency of adverse effects.

Cataract surgical coverage in Indian population aged 50 years and above.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to obtain the current estimates of cataract surgical coverage (CSC) at varying thresholds of vision and gender variations across districts in diverse Indian populations aged ≥50 years.

Methods: Data collected from the national blindness survey from 31 Indian districts between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed. CSC at varying thresholds of presenting visual acuity <3/60, <6/60, and <6/18 were estimated along with gender variations across districts in population ≥50 years of age.

Trans-iris vertical intrascleral haptic fixation of IOL: The bypass technique in eyes with megalocornea.

Intrascleral haptic fixation of intraocular lens (IOL) is an extremely useful technique to provide visual rehabilitation in eyes with inadequate capsular support. It requires exteriorization of haptics along with tucking of haptics in the scleral groove preferably and conventionally in the horizontal meridian. In eyes with large corneal diameter, there is difficulty in tucking enough length of the haptics into the intrascleral groove, carrying the risk of slippage of haptics and decentration of IOL.

Atropine (0.05%) for rapid progressive childhood myopia (ARM study).

Purpose: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of atropine 0.05% for myopia control among children exhibiting (documented) rapid myopia progression (>0.75D/year).

Development of Biofidelic Skin Simulants Based on Fresh Cadaveric Skin Tests.

The development of artificial skin that accurately mimics the mechanical properties of human skin is crucial for a wide range of applications, including surgical training for burn injuries, biomechanical testing, and research in sports injuries and ballistics. While traditional materials like gelatin, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and animal skins (such as porcine and bovine skins) have been used for these purposes, they have inherent limitations in replicating the intricate properties of human skin. In this work, we conducted uniaxial tensile tests on freshly obtained cadaveric skin to analyze its mechanical properties under various loading conditions.

"Chasing Rainbows" Beyond Kaposi Sarcoma's Dermoscopy: A Mini-Review.

The dermoscopic rainbow pattern (RP), also known as polychromatic pattern, is characterized by a multicolored appearance, resulting from the dispersion of polarized light as it penetrates various tissue components. Its separation into different wavelengths occurs according to the physics principles of scattering, absorption, and interference of light, creating the optical effect of RP. Even though the RP is regarded as a highly specific dermoscopic indicator of Kaposi's sarcoma, in the medical literature, it has also been documented as an atypical dermoscopic finding of other non-Kaposi skin entities.

Mass drug administration coverage evaluation for lymphatic filariasis in selected endemic districts of Jharkhand, India.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate mass drug administration (MDA) coverage for lymphatic filariasis (LF) in selected endemic districts of Jharkhand, India, and to identify household-level determinants of drug consumption.

Methods: A cross-sectional coverage evaluation survey was conducted in the Deoghar, Giridih and Godda districts of Jharkhand in 2023 within 6 wk of the completion of the MDA campaign. The survey included 9039 individuals from 1680 households across 56 randomly selected clusters (three urban, eight tribal and 45 rural).

CICARE based communication technique: A passage to faster and smoother visual rehabilitation in post cataract surgery patients.

Visual rehabilitation following cataract surgery is often an overlooked aspect. Healthcare providers have an important role in the counselling of the patients undergoing cataract surgery in clearing all their doubts thus alleviating all their fears and anxiety related to the procedure which will eventually lead to faster and smoother visual rehabilitation. Using standardised communication techniques like CICARE combined with conventional nursing and pain scoring systems can provide an objective and effective method in patient counselling and building a rapport with the patient for a faster visual recovery.

Abandoned Cataract Surgeries: An Analysis of Surgical Referrals to a Tertiary Eye Center.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the outcomes of cases of abandoned cataract surgeries referred to a tertiary eye center.

Methods: This retrospective observational case series includes eleven cases referred to a tertiary eye center following abandoned cataract surgeries. The preoperative factors, intraoperative management, and postoperative outcomes were recorded and analyzed.

Persistence of Uterine Artery Doppler Velocimetry Changes in Postpartum Mothers Following a Delivery Complicated by Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review.

In preeclampsia, there occurs a defective trophoblastic invasion of spiral arteries, which is characterized by abnormal uterine artery wave parameter such as increased pulsatility index (PI) and early diastolic notch. This increased uterine artery PI is a good predictor of hypertensive disorder and small for gestational-age babies. Maternal hypertension and proteinuria resolve in the puerperium.

Leveraging Medico-Legal Interventions as a Last Resort to Save the Lives of High-Risk Mothers and Children: Case Studies From Rural Haryana, India.

Vulnerable groups, such as pregnant women and young children, can face barriers to timely and essential healthcare, primarily due to their dependence on caregivers. Medico-legal interventions are effective tools to protect high-risk populations when traditional methods fail. Based on my experience as a Medical Officer In-Charge of a Primary Health Center in rural Haryana, India, I present three case studies where legal assistance was used to ensure necessary medical care.

Efficacy of Various Dry Electrode-Based ECG Sensors: A Review.

Long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is crucial for detecting and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Monitoring cardiac health and activities using efficient, noninvasive, and cost-effective techniques such as ECG can be vital for the early detection of different CVDs. Wet electrode-based traditional ECG techniques come with unavoidable limitations of the altered quality of ECG signals caused by gel volatilization and unwanted noise followed by dermatitis.

COVID-19 vaccination and neurological complications: A cross-sectional observational study from a tertiary care centre of North India.

Vaccine hesitancy, anti-Vax campaigners and misinformation hound the administration of vaccines. Our study, conducted at Malwa region of the Punjab, India, was systematically carried out to look for adverse neurological effects after COVID-19 vaccination, given to 1000 people (>18 years and <60 years) who had received either single or multiple doses. No major neurological complications were found; the only side-effect was a transitory headache in 15% of the participants.

Health-Promoting Behaviors in Male Patients with Opioid Use Disorder: An Exploratory Study.

Health-promoting lifestyle and behaviors play a crucial role in the prognosis of an illness as well as in healing. With the significant global burden of unhealthy lifestyle choices, their impact on individuals with substance use disorders can be particularly burdensome, hampering overall well-being. This study assesses health-promoting lifestyle and behavior and dietary habits among treatment-seeking male patients with opioid use disorders.