Outcome of Preoperative Oral Steroids on Patients With Sinonasal Polyposis.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative oral prednisolone improves the intraoperative parameters and postoperative outcomes over a 3-month period in patients of sinonasal polyposis who undergo functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: In a triple-blind, randomized controlled study, 43 patients diagnosed with sinonasal polyposis in the Department of ENT, AIIMS, Jodhpur, were enrolled. After obtaining institutional ethics clearance and registering the clinical trial, randomization was conducted to assign participants into experimental and control groups.

Prevalence of Substance Use and Sleep-Related Problems Among Driver Victims Involved in Road Traffic Accidents Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a critical public health problem leading to significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic losses. Despite known risk factors like substance use and sleep-related problems, there is limited research on the prevalence of these factors among drivers who met with RTAs. Hence, this study aimed to gain insight into the prevalence of substance use and sleep-related problems among this population attending a trauma center in the northern State of India.

Utility of FDG PET/CT in Sjögren's Syndrome and associated lymphomas; Lymphomagenesis.

Primary Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease affecting exocrine glands, with predisposition to development of lymphoma (lymphomagenesis). We report a case of Sjogren's syndrome and discuss the role of FDG PET/CT in the primary diagnosis of lymphoma transformation in SS. Furthermore, we reviewed the literature regarding the utility of FDG PET/CT to assess systemic disease activity and also its role in the SS associated lymphoma with light into the new PET tracers that can be explored for these indications in the future.

Effect of pantoprazole as an adjunct to standard medical therapy in patients with uncomplicated amoebic liver abscess: A randomised pilot study.

Amoebic liver abscess (ALA), a common tropical infection, is caused by (EH). For decades, the first-line treatment for ALA has been metronidazole which has several drawbacks. The thioredoxin reductase enzyme in EH is essential for its anti-oxidative defence and survival during tissue invasion.

Neurocognition and affective temperament in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder in south India: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Endophenotypes aid in studying the complex genetic basis of bipolar disorder. We aimed to compare first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar I disorder in a hospital in India with unrelated healthy controls in terms of neurocognition and affective temperament METHODS. This cross-sectional study was conducted between August and November 2012 at a tertiary hospital in India.

Epidemiological insights into Childhood vernal keratoconjunctivitis in India: Unravelling clinical presentation and environmental influences - The EPIC VKC study - Fourth report of the ICMR EYE SEE study group.

Purpose: To study the epidemiology and clinical presentation of allergic eye diseases (AEDs) and Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods: A cross-sectional- cum-cohort study was conducted in rural and urban areas in different geographical locations (plains, hilly, high-altitude and coastal) in India. Children (5-15 years) were included, information on exposure to environmental factors gathered, participants screened for AED and VKC on torch light, followed by a comprehensive eye examination.

Zinner Syndrome in a Young Male: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Zinner syndrome is an extremely uncommon congenital anomaly of the male urogenital tract. It is attributed to an embryological anomaly that arises in the distal segment of the mesonephric or Wolffian duct. It is the inadequate migration of the ureteric bud that contributes to the failure of differentiation of the metanephric blastema, which ultimately results in ipsilateral renal agenesis and atresia of the ejaculatory duct.

Cardiovascular Diseases Among Indian Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and India is no exception to this trend. With the ongoing aging of the population in India, there is a notable surge in the prevalence and impact of CVDs among older adults. This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge concerning the prevalence, risk factors, and management of CVDs in the context of Indian older adults.

Medial Sural Artery Islanded Pedicled Perforator Flap for Resurfacing Areas in the Popliteal Fossa Following Postburn Contracture Release Using Normal versus Scar Tissue.

 The medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap is reliable in resurfacing defects of the popliteal fossa. There is possibility of resurfacing the popliteal fossa defects after postburn contracture release with scarred MSAP flaps with good overall long-term outcomes.  A study was conducted from June 2017 to July 2023 to evaluate the functional and surgical scar aesthetic outcome in patients with soft-tissue defects in the popliteal fossa after postburn contracture release that were reconstructed using scarred and unscarred MSAP flap with 10 patients in each group.

Isolated Cleft Foot: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Cleft foot is a rare congenital anomaly (syndromic/isolated). Although there have been published reports about this anomaly, none has so far described standardized treatment guidelines. In this case report, we describe the details of operative management of an isolated cleft foot in an 8-year-old girl with a brief review of literature, keeping in mind the aims of the treatment, governed by the local culture and preferred footwear design in the Indian scenario.

Etiologies and Outcomes Following Duodenal Perforation in Acute Peritonitis: A Systematic Review.

Duodenal perforation often presents as an acute onset of abdominal pain and potential complications such as systemic infection, multiple organ system failure, and even death. It can result from various causes, including peptic ulcer disease (PUD), trauma, malignancies, and infections. Prompt diagnosis and timely intervention are critical for better outcomes, though mortality can be high, particularly in delayed cases.

Harnessing the potential of long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a diverse neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80 % of all cases. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease is unknown, and there is no cure at this time. Recent developments in transcriptome-wide profiling have led to the identification of a number of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

Factor structure, reliability and validity of an Indian Scale for Assessment of Nomophobia (ISAN) among college students: A multicentre Indian study.

Background: The current severity assessment measures for nomophobia have issues related to clinical applicability, which makes them difficult to be consistently applied in the Indian context. We aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of severity of Nomophobia.

Methods: This study was a two-phase, exploratory sequential mixed method design conducted across three centres in India.

Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks associated with Coxsackievirus A-24 in India, 2023.

Objective: Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), commonly called pink eye, saw an alarming increase in incidence from July to September 2023 in different parts of India. Pink eye occurrences had reportedly increased three to four times more than in prior years, raising concerns among the community and healthcare professionals. This study aimed to identify the aetiological agent associated with AHC in 2023, genetically characterize the agent and describe the clinical presentation.

A vicious cycle of frailty and acute lower respiratory infection among community-dwelling adults (≥ 60 years): Findings from a multi-site INSPIRE cohort study, India.

We studied the relationship of frailty and acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) among a multi-site cohort of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years in India. During January 2019‒January 2020, participants completed the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) at baseline and every 3 months at four sites in India, with each participant completing a maximum of four surveys. Participants were categorized as non-frail (0-5 points), vulnerable (6-7 points), and frail (≥8 points) based on EFS score.

Interactions of NK Cells and Macrophages: From Infections to Cancer Therapeutics.

The interaction between immune cells brings a consequence either on their role and functioning or the functioning of the other immune cells, modulating the whole mechanistic pathway. The interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages is one such interaction which is relatively less explored amongst diseased conditions. Their significance comes from their innate nature and secretion of large proportions of cytokines and chemokines which results in influencing adaptive immune responses.

Therapeutic Bronchoscopic Interventions for Non Foreign-Body Removal Indications in Children.

Background: The indications for pediatric airway endoscopy are expanding and a variety of therapeutic interventions are feasible for central airway obstruction (CAO) and other central airway pathologies, apart from foreign body removal.

Methods: In this retrospective chart review from four centers, we describe the indications, procedures, outcomes, and complications of therapeutic bronchoscopic interventions in children for non foreign-body removal indications.

Results: A total of 72 children (mean age:140 [60.

Student's perception of three-dimensional atlas interactive system beside traditional cadaveric dissection in learning human anatomy.

Purpose: As digital education is encroaching on the traditional method, it is important to get, the feedback of medical students. The current study has been proposed to investigate the perception of first-year MBBS students, regarding the use of 3D atlas for gross anatomy study as adjunct along with cadaveric dissection.

Methods: The feedback of 91 first-year MBBS students, regarding the incorporation of a 3D atlas in the dissection lab along with traditional cadaveric dissection was collected.

Intraglandular botulinum toxin in postoperative head and neck fistula: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Orocervical (OCF) or pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) are one of the disastrous complications of head and neck cancer surgery. Conventional standards of management are predominantly conservative. Though a majority of such patients respond to conservative management, it nevertheless causes significant delay in wound healing.

Molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of essential oil active constituents in MCF7 and T24 cancer cell lines: in vitro insights and in silico modelling of proapoptotic gene product-compound interactions.

This study aims to investigate the in vitro antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic/apoptotic potential of active constituents of essential oils on two cancer cell lines; namely, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and urinary bladder cancer (T24). Essential oils active constituents (EO-ACs) entail a spectrum of phytochemicals with widely demonstrated anticancer potential. We assessed the effects of eight essential oils active constituents on T24 and MCF-7 cell lines in both dose- (16-1024 µg/mL) and time-dependent manners.