Establishing Trimester-Specific Haemoglobin A1c Reference Intervals in Pregnant Women: A retrospective study of healthy South Asian women with normal pregnancy outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to define trimester-specific haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reference intervals in healthy, pregnant South Asian women.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at St. Stephen's Hospital, Delhi, India, between January 2011 and December 2016.

Assessment of baroreflex sensitivity during isometric handgrip exercise and oscillatory lower body negative pressure.

Objectives: Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is an estimate of autonomic control of cardiovascular system via the baroreflex arc. It has been suggested that exercise pressure reflex and muscle metaboreflex override baroreflex during exercise to decrease baroreflex gain, which facilitates the simultaneous rise in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate during the exercise. This study investigated the effects of isometric handgrip exercise (IHE) on baroreflex gain and frequency dependence of baroreflex sensitivity while fluctuations in arterial BP were generated.

Household transmission dynamics of COVID-19 among residents of Delhi, India: a prospective case-ascertained study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the secondary infection rate and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 among household contacts, and their associations with various factors across four dimensions of interaction.

Methods: This was a case-ascertained study among unvaccinated household contacts of a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case in New Delhi between December 2020 and July 2021. For this study, 99 index cases and their 316 household contacts were interviewed and sampled (blood and oro-nasal swab) on days 1, 7, 14, and 28.

Microbiological Profile and the Resistance Pattern of Pathogens in Neurosurgical Patients from a New Delhi Trauma Center.

Background: Neurosurgical patients are considered to be at higher risk for infections including nosocomial infections compared with other critically ill individuals. Empirical antimicrobial therapy is of utmost importance for the survival of infected neurosurgical patients.

Methods: The microbial distribution and antimicrobial resistance patients from January 2012 to December 2021 (10 years) were analyzed retrospectively.

A challenging diagnosis of mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) on fine needle aspiration cytology and cell block: A cytopathologist's perspective.

Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a recently described salivary gland carcinoma that resembles the secretory carcinoma of the breast and is characterised by t(12;15) (q13;q25) translocation, which results in an ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion product. On cytomorphology, it is characterised by papillary fragments, clusters, and singly dispersed tumour cells. These tumour cells are large and have abundant vacuolated cytoplasm.

Repurposing Ponatinib as a PD-L1 Inhibitor Revealed by Drug Repurposing Screening and Validation by and Experiments.

Cancer treatment by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway using monoclonal antibodies has made great advances as it showed long-lasting antitumor responses in a wide range of cancers. However, antibodies exhibit several disadvantages, which include low permeability, immune-related adverse effects, complex synthetic procedures, and high treatment costs. Hence, small-molecule inhibitors can be used as alternatives; however, no small molecule with activity has been reported.

Chondrosarcoma Skull Base: A Case Report.

Introduction: Chondrosarcomas are primary malignant bone tumor that rarely occurs in the head and neck region. Squash cytology of skull base neoplasm shows atypical chondrocytes and myxoid stroma, which suggests many possibilities like chordoma, chordoid glioma, chordoid meningioma and chondrosarcoma. Isocitrate dehydrogenase gene (IDH) mutations have been reported in 50% to 60% of the head and neck region chondrosarcoma.

Quality of life, social support, coping strategies, and their association with psychological morbidity among people living with HIV.

Objectives: Enhancement of quality of life and social support havebecome important therapeutic goals among people living with HIV. However, research from developing countries is sparse in this area. Index study was aimed to assess association of social support, coping, and quality of life with psychological morbidity among people living with HIV.

Pathways of care and attitudes toward psychotropics in patients with depressive disorders and psychotic disorders.

Objectives: Delay in institution of appropriate mental healthcare is closely linked with attitudes, stigma, and availability of services, which further directs the help seeking pathways. This study was aimed to assess the pathway of care and attitudes toward psychotropic medications among patients with depressive disorder and psychotic disorders.

Materials And Methods: Eighty outpatients with depressive disorder and 40 patients with psychotic disorder were assessed in a tertiary care center for pathways to care and attitude toward psychotropics through Attitude toward Psychotropic Medications Questionnaire and Drug attitude inventory-10.

Growth hormone and gastrointestinal malignancy: An intriguing link.

Growth hormone (GH) excess is associated with several systemic complications, one of which is the increased risk of neoplastic processes particularly of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Among the GI neoplasms, the most reported association is with benign and malignant neoplasms of the colon. In the majority of published literature, an increased incidence of GI neoplasms, both colonic adenomas as well as colorectal carcinoma is reported.

Cytology of Castleman's disease (hyaline-vascular type) masquerading as Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare benign disorder presents as a lymph nodal mass in mediastinum, cervical, axillary or abdomen. Due to the presence of dysplastic dendritic cell in a background mature lymphocyte and plasma cell, it mimics Hodgkin disease (HD). Synchronous and metachronous occurrence in HD and CD can also occur.

Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of oral gabapentin for prevention of neuropathy in patients receiving paclitaxel.

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a common dose-limiting side effect of paclitaxel. To date, there is no effective strategy to prevent paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. A recent small phase II study demonstrated the potential role of oral gabapentin in this setting.

Comparison of outcome among type 2 vs type 1 myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To date, there were limited studies available on myocardial infarction (MI), and consequently, the outcomes of patients with type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI) compared to type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) remained inconclusive. We aimed to compare the outcomes of T1MI and T2MI patients in terms of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for relevant articles from inception until March 20, 2022.

Racial Disparity Between the Post-Procedural Outcomes Among Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The Racial disparity between the clinical outcomes post interventions among Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) have not been well studied, with limited literature available. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the post-procedure outcomes among PAD patients between Black and White race. We systematically searched all electronic databases from inception until first November 2022.

'Vaccinate my village' strategy in Malawi: an effort to boost COVID-19 vaccination.

Objectives: To boost COVID-19 vaccine uptake, an innovative 'vaccinate my village' (VMV) strategy using door-to-door vaccination by Health Surveillance Assistants (HSA) was adopted. In this study, we assessed the impact of the 'vaccinate my village' strategy on COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional review of the data on COVID-19 vaccination obtained from the Ministry of Health, Malawi, from 11 March 2021 to September 2022.

Prevalence of the Onodi cell in the Polish adult population: an anatomical computed tomography study.

Background: Onodi cell is a posterior ethmoid air cell with the optic canal bulging into it; the common position of the bulge is into the sphenoid sinus, usually immediately posterior to the posterior ethmoid air cells. Variable pneumatisation patterns lead to various structures of lamellae and sinuses occasionally exposing important nerves and vessels, such as the optic and vidian nerves, internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus. In clinical practice, special imaging techniques are used to navigate through the paranasal sinuses and hence avoid injury to these structures.

Assessment of potential risk factors for COVID-19 among health care workers in a health care setting in Delhi, India -a cohort study.

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCW) are most vulnerable to contracting COVID-19 infection. Understanding the extent of human-to-human transmission of the COVID-19 infection among HCWs is critical in managing this infection and for policy making. We did this study to estimate new infection by seroconversion among HCWs in recent contact with COVID-19 and predict the risk factors for infection.

Advances in additive manufacturing processes and their use for the fabrication of lower limb prosthetic devices.

Introduction: Traditional methods of prosthesis fabrication are not efficient and user centric and are made for common purposes without focusing on individual demands of user which leads to rejection of prosthesis for long-term use. Utilizing advanced additive manufacturing techniques for fabrication of prosthesis makes the development process user centric and covers all the user demands thus providing better fit, comfort, and more stable gait rehabilitation for the user.

Areas Covered: The articles reporting fabrication of lower limb prosthesis and its socket are included in the study.

Histopathologic spectrum and clinical correlation of lesions of jaw - a series of 60 cases.

Odontogenic tumors have the potential for the development of malformations of the teeth as well as the surrounding tissue. Sound knowledge of various types of jaw lesions and their characteristics will help the clinician with timely measures and management. Our main aim was to study the histopathological nature of various jaw lesions retrieved from biopsies and resected specimens.

Poor quality sleep is associated with greater carotid intima media thickness among otherwise healthy resident doctors.

Background: Sleep is important for maintaining the metabolic processes in the body, and hence, disruption in sleep leads to metabolic derangement and accelerated atherosclerosis. The effect of sleep duration on subclinical atherosclerosis has been examined in several studies; however, data regarding sleep quality is lacking. The study aimed to assess the association between sleep quality and carotid intima-media thickness among healthy young doctors.

COVID-19 mental health challenges: A scoping review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disordered the lives of millions in an unprecedented way. A state of mental health crisis has emerged across the globe. The lifestyle and well-being of the individual and social integrity have been adversely affected.

Cytological evaluation of thyroid nodules in children and young adults: a multi-institutional experience.

Purpose: The utility of the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology is debatable in determining the risk of malignancy in pediatric patients. Moreover, the upper age limit for defining the pediatric group has varied across different studies. The aim of this study is to compare the risk of malignancy (ROM) and risk of neoplasia (RON) across different Bethesda categories between the pediatric, young adult, and adult patients.