2,532 results match your criteria: "All Children's Hospital[Affiliation]"

Objective: The authors assessed the safety and accuracy of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrode implantation in pediatric patients who had previously undergone craniotomy compared to those without prior cranial surgery.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of patients under 25 years of age with medically refractory epilepsy at a single institution who underwent SEEG electrode placement between March 2016 and July 2023. Surgical history and demographic characteristics were collected from the electronic medical records.

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Introduction: Patients with pectus excavatum (PE) often undergo cross-sectional imaging (CSI) to quantify severity for insurance authorization before surgical repair. The modified percent depth (MPD), an external caliper-based metric, was previously validated to be similar to the pectus index and correction index. This study explored family perceptions of CSI and MPD with respect to value and costs.

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Increased patient access to electronic medical records and resources has resulted in higher volumes of health-related questions posed to clinical staff, while physicians' rising clinical workloads have resulted in less time for comprehensive, thoughtful responses to patient questions. Artificial intelligence chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT could help anesthesiologists efficiently respond to electronic patient inquiries, but their ability to do so is unclear. A cross-sectional exploratory survey-based study comprised of 100 anesthesia-related patient question/response sets based on two fictitious simple clinical scenarios was performed.

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Objectives: To estimate the rate of mechanical thromboprophylaxis (mTP) prescription among critically ill adolescents using a multicenter administrative database and determine whether mTP prescription is inversely associated with hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism.

Design: Multicenter, observational, retrospective study of the Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) Registry cohort, January 2016 to December 2023.

Setting: Thirty PICUs located within quaternary pediatric referral centers in the United States.

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Objective: It is perceived by many pharmacists that inadequate training and the resulting lack of confidence hinder participation in medical emergencies. There is insufficient information detailing training programs for pharmacists responding to pediatric medical emergencies. The primary objective of this study was to compare competency scores pre and post participation in the pediatric medical emergency training (PedMET) program.

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Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer are a unique patient population in oncology. An opt-in, secure online survey was conducted among a general population of AYA patients and survivors to better understand the current landscape of AYA cancer. A 28-item online survey was designed for cancer patients and survivors diagnosed between the ages of 18 and 39 years.

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Background: The traction-induced esophageal growth (Foker) process for the treatment of long gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) relies on applying progressive tension to the esophagus to induce growth. Due to its anti-fibrotic and muscle-relaxing properties, we hypothesize that Botulinum Toxin A (BTX) can enhance traction-induced esophageal growth.

Methods: A retrospective two-center cohort study was conducted on children who underwent a BTX-enhanced Foker process for LGEA repair from 2021 to 2023.

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Introduction: Pediatric firearm injury prevention research in younger age groups is limited. This study evaluated a large multicenter cohort of younger children with firearm injuries, focusing on injury patterns and surgical resource utilization.

Methods: Children ≤15 y old sustaining firearm injuries between 2016 and 2021 and treated at 10 pediatric trauma centers in Florida were included.

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New-Onset Gaze Palsy in a Sports-Related Concussion.

Clin J Sport Med

August 2024

Department of Sports Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, FL.

Concussions are a common injury in pediatric sports medicine clinics. Occasionally, a patient presenting for concussion will demonstrate abnormal neurologic findings, but in this case, a gaze palsy was witnessed during the initial 2 weeks following closed head injury with subsequent complete resolution of symptoms. There are limited available studies or case reports demonstrating this atypical presentation; thus, this case study aims to provide sports medicine physicians a reference for future similar atypical presentations.

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Infant Hydrocephalus.

Pediatr Rev

August 2024

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL.

Hydrocephalus is a neurosurgical condition that is highly prevalent in pediatric medicine. In the infant population, there is a distinct set of features that all primary pediatricians would benefit from understanding. Infant hydrocephalus can present prenatally on imaging and postnatally with symptomatic enlargement of the head and associated skull features and raised intracranial pressures.

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Gamma delta (γδ) T cells play a crucial role in anti-tumor immunity due to their cytotoxic properties. However, the role and extent of γδ T cells in production of pro-tumorigenic interleukin- 17 (IL-17) within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. In this study, we re-analyzed nine published human CRC whole-tissue single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets, identifying 18,483 γδ T cells out of 951,785 total cells, in the neoplastic or adjacent normal tissue of 165 human CRC patients.

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Nondysraphic Intramedullary Spinal Cord Lipomas in the Adult Population.

World Neurosurg

October 2024

Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Objective: Intramedullary spinal cord lipomas without spinal dysraphism are rare. Although they are benign tumors, they can cause significant neurological deficits. Their tight adherence to the spinal cord presents a challenge for resection.

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Article Synopsis
  • Trichothiodystrophy-1 (TTD1) is an autosomal-recessive disease linked to mutations in a gene important for DNA repair and transcription, leading to increased susceptibility to infections in affected patients.
  • The study examined the immune system and DNA repair capabilities of three TTD1 patients, revealing issues such as low antibody responses, problems with B-cell proliferation, and accumulation of DNA damage markers.
  • Findings indicated that TTD1 is associated with antibody deficiencies due to impaired B-cell development and function, confirming the impact of new mutations on the immune system.
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Alveolar macrophages (AMs) act as gatekeepers of the lung's immune responses, serving essential roles in recognizing and eliminating pathogens. The transcription factor (TF) early growth response 2 (EGR2) has been recently described as required for mature AMs in mice; however, its mechanisms of action have not been explored. Here, we identified EGR2 as an epigenomic regulator and likely direct proximal transcriptional activator in AMs using epigenomic approaches (RNA sequencing, ATAC sequencing, and CUT&RUN).

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Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, Myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome is a rare, combined immunodeficiency disease predominantly caused by gain-of-function variants in the gene that typically results in truncation of the carboxyl terminus of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) leading to impaired leukocyte egress from bone marrow to peripheral blood. Diagnosis of WHIM syndrome continues to be challenging and is often made through clinical observations and/or genetic testing. Detection of a pathogenic variant in an affected individual supports the diagnosis of WHIM syndrome but relies on an appropriate annotation of disease-causing variants.

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Refractory juvenile xanthogranuloma of the mastoid bone responsive to trametinib.

Pediatr Blood Cancer

October 2024

Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

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Background And Aims: There is an increased risk of lymphomas in inborn errors of immunity (IEI); however, germline genetic testing is rarely used in oncological patients, even in those with early onset of cancer. Our study focuses on a child with a recombination-activating gene 1 () deficiency who was identified through a screening program for Slavic founder genetic variants among patients who died with malignancy at an early age in Belarus.

Results: We identified one homozygous founder variant out of 24 available DNA samples from 71 patients who developed lymphoma aged <3 years from the Belarusian cancer registry between 1986 and 2023.

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Multidisciplinary bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) programs provide improved and consistent medical management, care of the developing infant, family support, and smoother transitions in care resulting in improved survival, pulmonary, and extra-pulmonary outcomes. This review summarizes the benefits of interdisciplinary BPD management, as well as strategies for initial programmatic development, program growth, and maintenance at centers across the United States factoring in institutional, provider, and parent reported goals that were derived from a consensus conference on BPD management.

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Objective: Treatment of neonates with anorectal malformations (ARMs) can be challenging due to variability in anatomic definitions, multiple approaches to surgical management, and heterogeneity of reported outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize existing evidence, identify treatment controversies, and provide guidelines for perioperative care.

Methods: The American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Evidence Based Practice Committee (OEBP) drafted five consensus-based questions regarding management of children with ARMs.

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Introduction: Fibrinolysis is a critical aspect of the hemostatic system, with assessment of fibrinolytic potential being critical to predict bleeding and clotting risk. We describe the method for a novel low-plasma-volume assay of fibrinolytic capacity utilizing the euglobulin fraction (the "modified mini-euglobulin clot lysis assay [ECLA]"), its analytic sensitivity to alterations in key fibrinolytic substrates/regulators, and its initial applications in acute and convalescent disease cohorts.

Methods: The modified mini-ECLA requires 50 μL of plasma, a maximal read time of 3 h (with most results available within 60 min), and is entirely performed in a 96-well microplate.

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Objective: The American Pediatric Surgical Association Outcomes and Evidence-Based Practice Committee conducted a systematic review to describe the epidemiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pediatric surgical and trauma patients and develop recommendations for screening and prophylaxis.

Methods: The Medline (Ovid), Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were queried from January 2000 through December 2021. Search terms addressed the following topics: incidence, ultrasound screening, and mechanical and pharmacologic prophylaxis.

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