Evaluation of flow diverters for cerebral aneurysm therapy: recommendations for imaging analyses in clinical studies, endorsed by ESMINT, ESNR, OCIN, SILAN, SNIS, and WFITN.

Background: Multiple studies and meta-analyses have described the technical and clinical outcomes in large cohorts of aneurysm patients treated with flow diverters (FDs). Variations in evaluation methodology complicate making comparisons among studies, hinder understanding of the device behavior, and pose an obstacle in the assessment of further advances in FD therapy.

Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of neurointerventionalists, imaging experts, and neuroradiologists convened with the goal of establishing consensus recommendations for the standardization of image analyses in FD studies.

Focused update to guidelines for endovascular therapy for emergent large vessel occlusion: basilar artery occlusion patients.

Background: Endovascular therapy (EVT) dramatically improves clinical outcomes for patients with anterior circulation emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) strokes. With recent publication of two randomized controlled trials in favor of EVT for basilar artery occlusions, the Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery (SNIS) Standards and Guidelines Committee provides this focused update for the existing SNIS guideline, 'Current endovascular strategies for posterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke.'

Methods: A structured literature review and analysis of studies related to posterior circulation large vessel occlusion (basilar or vertebral artery) strokes treated by EVT was performed.

Temporal Evolution and Diagnostic Diversification of Patients Receiving Proton Therapy in the United States: A Ten-Year Trend Analysis (2012 to 2021) From the National Association for Proton Therapy.

Purpose: The National Association for Proton Therapy conducted 8 surveys of all operational United States proton centers (2012-2021) and analyzed the patients treated, diagnoses, and treatment complexity to evaluate trends and diversification of patients receiving proton therapy.

Methods And Materials: Detailed surveys were sent in 2015, which requested data from 2012 to 2014, and then annually thereafter to active proton centers in the United States. The numbers of patient treated at each center for the preceding calendar year(s) were collated for tumors in the following categories: central nervous system, intraocular, pituitary, skull base/skeleton, head/neck, lung, retroperitoneal/soft tissue sarcoma, pediatric (solid tumors in children of age ≤18), gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, female pelvic, prostate, breast, and "other.

Performing pediatric neuropsychological evaluation with Chinese patients: A narrative review of the literature and recommendations for practice.

This paper offers a narrative overview of performance-based cognitive tests and behavior rating inventories that can be considered when working with Chinese youth in assessment settings. A total of 46 articles that focused on assessment tools and normative data in Chinese-speaking patients were reviewed. Based on the gaps in research and patterns of strengths/weaknesses across reviewed articles, we provide recommendations for selection of tests and norms while utilizing the ECLECTIC framework.

An Evaluation of a Mobile App for Chronic Low Back Pain Management: Prospective Pilot Study.

Background: Chronic low back pain is challenging to manage due to multidisciplinary considerations. It has substantial socioeconomic impacts and cannot be simply treated with pharmacotherapy, nonsurgical intervention, or spine surgery. Medical consensus recommends optimizing conservative self-management therapies (eg, home exercise, wellness strategies, yoga, etc) as first-line treatment options for chronic low back pain.

Outcomes Following Penetrating Brain Injuries in Military Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: While neurosurgeons are experienced in treating penetrating brain injuries (PBIs) in civilian settings, much less is known about management and outcomes of PBIs in military settings.

Methods: A systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data extracted included surgical management, age, gender, location/type of injury, initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and outcomes.

Transcaval Versus Transaxillary TAVR in Contemporary Practice: A Propensity-Weighted Analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare transcaval and transaxillary artery access for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) at experienced medical centers in contemporary practice.

Background: There are no systematic comparisons of transcaval and transaxillary TAVR access routes.

Methods: Eight experienced centers contributed local data collected for the STS/ACC TVT Registry (Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry) between 2017 and 2020.

Same Day Discharge during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Highly Selected Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Patients.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a standardized clinical pathway allows most patients to achieve safe next-day discharge. This approach has been successfully implemented across global centers as part of the Benchmark Program. Considering restricted hospital resources resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, a modified same day discharge (SDD) clinical pathway was implemented for selected TAVR patients at a single Benchmark site.

Same-Day Discharge Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Multicenter PROTECT TAVR Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of same-day discharge (SDD) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed significant stress on health care systems worldwide. SDD in highly selected TAVR patients can facilitate the provision of essential cardiovascular care while managing competing COVID-19 resource demands.

Racial Disparity in Mechanical Thrombectomy Utilization: Multicenter Registry Results From 2016 to 2020.

Background Previous studies on racial disparity in mechanical thrombectomy (MT) treatment of acute large vessel occlusion stroke lack individual patient data that influence treatment decision-making. We assessed patient-level data in a large US health care system from 2016 to 2020 for racial disparities in MT utilization and eligibility. Methods and Results A retrospective study was performed of 34 596 patients admitted to 43 hospitals from January 2016 to September 2020.

Cessation and resumption of elective neurointerventional procedures during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and future pandemics.

At the time of this writing, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues to be a global threat, disrupting usual processes, and protocols for delivering health care around the globe. There have been significant regional and national differences in the scope and timing of these disruptions. Many hospitals were forced to temporarily halt elective neurointerventional procedures with the first wave of the pandemic in the spring of 2020, in order to prioritize allocation of resources for acutely ill patients and also to minimize coronavirus disease 2019 transmission risks to non-acute patients, their families, and health care workers.

Preventing Coronary Obstruction During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Results From the Multicenter International BASILICA Registry.

Objectives: This study sought to determine the safety of the BASILICA (bioprosthetic or native aortic scallop intentional laceration to prevent iatrogenic coronary artery obstruction) procedure.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement causes coronary artery obstruction in 0.7% of cases, with 40% to 50% mortality.

Relationship of Stress Test Findings to Anatomic or Functional Extent of Coronary Artery Disease Assessed by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve.

Background: In the United States, functional stress testing is the primary imaging modality for patients with stable symptoms suspected to represent coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is excellent at identifying anatomic coronary artery disease (CAD). The application of computational fluid dynamics to coronary CTA allows fractional flow reserve (FFR) to be calculated noninvasively (FFR).

Intermediate procedural and health status outcomes and the clinical care pathways after chronic total occlusion angioplasty: A report from the OPEN-CTO (outcomes, patient health status, and efficiency in chronic total occlusion hybrid procedures) study.

Background: No previous reports have described the comprehensive care pathways involved in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI).

Methods: In a study of 1,000 consecutive patients undergoing CTO PCI using hybrid approach, a systematic algorithm of selecting CTO PCI strategies, the procedural characteristics, complication rates, and patient reported health status outcomes through 12 months were assessed.

Results: Technical success of the index CTO PCI was 86%, with 89% of patients having at least one successful CTO PCI within 12 months.

Intravascular Lithotripsy for Treatment of Calcified, Stenotic Iliac Arteries: A Cohort Analysis From the Disrupt PAD III Study.

Purpose: The presence of calcification in the iliac arteries is associated with decreased procedural success and increased complication risk during endovascular intervention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of peripheral intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) during endovascular treatment of iliac arterial peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Methods: The Disrupt PAD III Observational Study is a prospective, non-randomized, multi-center single-arm study to assess the 'real-world' safety and effectiveness of the Shockwave Peripheral IVL System for the treatment of de novo calcified lesions in the peripheral arteries, with a goal of treating 1500 patients.

Facilitators of research registry enrollment and potential variation by race and gender.

Introduction: Little is known about what motivates people to enroll in research registries. The purpose of this study is to identify facilitators of registry enrollment among diverse older adults.

Methods: Participants completed an 18-item Research Interest Assessment Tool.

A Detailed Analysis of Perforations During Chronic Total Occlusion Angioplasty.

Objectives: This study sought to describe the angiographic characteristics, strategy associated with perforation, and the management of perforation during chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI).

Background: The incidence of perforation is higher during CTO PCI compared with non-CTO PCI and is reportedly highest among retrograde procedures.

Methods: Among 1,000 consecutive patients who underwent CTO PCI in a 12-center registry, 89 (8.

Validation of a model for physical dose variations in irregularly moving targets treated with carbon ion beams.

Purpose: In particle therapy, conventional treatment planning systems rely on an imaging representation of the irradiated region to compute the dose. For irregular breathing, when an imaging dataset describing the actual motion is not available, a different approach for dose estimation is needed. To this aim, we validate a method for the estimation of physical dose variations in gated carbon ion treatments, providing also a demonstration of the feasibility of physical dose metrics to assess the method performance.