Peripheral polyneuropathy after acute methanol poisoning: Six-year prospective cohort study.

Background: Methanol is a widely used industrial short-chain aliphatic alcohol with known neurotoxic properties. Mass poisoning outbreaks due to the consumption of methanol-adulterated alcoholic drinks present a challenge to healthcare providers due to the high mortality and serious central nervous system (CNS) damage in survivors. However, the impact of methanol exposure on the peripheral nervous system is unknown.

Mechanical characteristics of BMSCs-intervened sciatic nerve in chronic alcohol-intoxicated animal model.

Objective: To study the mechanical properties of sciatic nerve in rats with chronic alcoholism (CA) and intervened with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and to provide biomechanical basis for clinical practice.

Methods: the serum of the BMSCs-intervened CA rats was sampled and determined the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), metallothionein (CAS, MT), and Glutathione/r -glutamyl cysteinyl/glycine (GSH); meanwhile, the rats' sciatic nerve was tested the tensile and observed the histomorphological changes.

Results: The mechanical properties of sciatic nerve in BMSCs-intervened CA rats, as well as the serum levels of MT and GSH, were significantly different from those in the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-intervened CA rats ( < 0.

Non-alcoholic beriberi, Wernicke encephalopathy and long-term eating disorder: case report and a mini-review.

Introduction: Nowadays, reports of beriberi are rare in developed countries. Wernicke encephalopathy may be present in about 25% of patients with beriberi.

Case Report: We report the case of a woman with history of depression and chronic eating disorder, who complained Wernicke encephalopathy and beriberi.

Chronic Diabetes Complications: The Need to Move beyond Classical Concepts.

Chronic-diabetes-related complications simultaneously compromise both the micro- and macrovascular trees, with target organs considered as the paradigm of large vessel injury also entailing microangiopathic changes. However, complications independent or partially independent from vascular damage are often overlooked. This includes neuronal dysfunction (e.

Hepatic Steatosis Index Is Associated with Type 1 Diabetes Complications.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of complications in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients. To date, several biochemical indexes of NAFLD have been developed. Among these, hepatic steatosis index (HSI) strongly relates with the results of magnetic resonance.

Liver fibrosis by FibroScan independently of established cardiovascular risk parameters associates with macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are closely associated, and liver fibrosis has been related to macrovascular complications. We examined whether liver fibrosis, diagnosed by FibroScan , correlates with chronic vascular complications in a cohort of T2DM.

Methods: We recruited 394 outpatients with T2DM attending five Italian diabetes centres who underwent liver ultrasonography (US), FibroScan and extensive evaluation of macrovascular and microvascular diabetic complications.

Schwann cells expressing nociceptive channel TRPA1 orchestrate ethanol-evoked neuropathic pain in mice.

Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with spontaneous burning pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia. Although acetaldehyde has been implicated in the painful alcoholic neuropathy, the mechanism by which the ethanol metabolite causes pain symptoms is unknown. Acute ethanol ingestion caused delayed mechanical allodynia in mice.

Acute bilateral foot drop in a chronic alcoholic patient.

Peroneal palsy is compression neuropathy of the peroneal nerve, which presents with foot drop. Patients with unilateral peroneal nerve palsy are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Although bilateral peroneal nerve palsy is rare, bilateral foot drop due to peroneal nerve palsy is much less common.

Risk of diabetes-associated diseases in subgroups of patients with recent-onset diabetes: a 5-year follow-up study.

Background: Cluster analyses have proposed different diabetes phenotypes using age, BMI, glycaemia, homoeostasis model estimates, and islet autoantibodies. We tested whether comprehensive phenotyping validates and further characterises these clusters at diagnosis and whether relevant diabetes-related complications differ among these clusters, during 5-years of follow-up.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed type 1 or type 2 diabetes in the German Diabetes Study underwent comprehensive phenotyping and assessment of laboratory variables.

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Microvascular Complications in Patients with Diabetes mellitus.

Background: Obesity frequently co-exists with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to the socalled "diabesity epidemic". The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of central obesity, hypertension, dysglycemia, insulin resistance and/or atherogenic dyslipidemia, as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of MetS, has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD), T2DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence. However, the association between obesity, MetS (including NAFLD) and diabetic microvascular complications is less evident.

[Neurological consequences of alcoholism].

Chronic alcohol consumption results in multiple peripheral and central nervous system dysfunctions. Some are due to the direct action of alcohol or its derivatives, others are induced by the vitamin deficiencies associated with alcoholism, others are eventually related to the failure of other vital organs, such as the liver. In this short review, we describe alcohol-induced neuropathy, Gayet-Wernicke syndrome, Korsakoff syndrome, alcoholic dementia, Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, alcoholic epilepsy and manifestations of alcohol withdrawal.

Not Always as It Seems: A Case of Ascending Paralysis.

Although generally presenting as a chronic, progressive peripheral neuropathy, we present a case of acute alcoholic neuropathy initially mistaken for acute Guillain-Barré syndrome. Electrodiagnostic evaluation of alcoholic neuropathy reveals an axonal neuropathy and may be complicated by demyelination if comorbid nutritional deficiencies are present. This is in contrast to the significant demyelination classically associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Challenges in the diagnosis of Wilson disease.

The understanding and management of Wilson disease (WD) have dramatically improved since the first description of the disease by K. Wilson more than a century ago. However, the persistent long delay between the first symptoms and diagnosis emphasizes challenges in diagnosing earlier this copper overload disorder.

Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects risks of type 2 diabetes (T2D), diabetes-related complications, and cardiovascular disease in a complex manner. This study is designed to clarify associations of sonographically-detected NAFLD and serum liver enzymes with diabetes-related microvascular complications.

Methods: A matched case-contorl study was designed for 440 patients with T2D and at least one of the chronic diabetes-related microvascular complications and 495 age- and gender-matched control patients with T2D.

Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Patients With Cirrhosis.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is defined by increased density and/or abnormal composition of microbiota in the small bowel. SIBO is often encountered in patients with cirrhosis as a result of impaired intestinal motility and delayed transit time, both of which are exacerbated by more severe liver disease. Additional risk factors for SIBO commonly encountered in cirrhotic patients include coexisting diabetes, autonomic neuropathy, and/or alcoholic use.

Wernicke encephalopathy hearing loss and palinacousis.

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological emergency that develops in the setting of thiamine deficiency, and is characterised by symptoms of confusion, ophthalmoplegia and gait ataxia. Less recognised signs and symptoms include vestibular dysfunction, hearing impairment, peripheral neuropathy, and in severe cases, coma. This case study describes a non-alcoholic patient, who presents with significant auditory and vestibular changes in addition to the classic symptoms of WE.

Alcohol-related peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The primary aim of this systematic review was to establish the prevalence, character, and risk factors of peripheral neuropathy amongst chronic alcohol abusers and to identify the most appropriate management strategies. In this review, possible pathogenetic mechanisms are also discussed. A systematic, computer-based search was conducted using the PubMed database.

Chronic Neurologic Effects of Alcohol.

Chronic alcohol use induces silent changes in the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems that eventually result in irreversible, debilitating repercussions. Once identified, nutritional supplementation and cessation measures are critical in preventing further neurologic damage. The proposed mechanisms of neuronal injury in chronic alcohol abuse include direct toxic effects of alcohol and indirect effects, including those resulting from hepatic dysfunction, nutritional deficiencies, and neuroinflammation.

Rhabdomyolysis with Peripheral Neuropathy: A Case Series and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle necrosis and secretion of intracellular muscle components into the blood circulation. Acute compartment syndrome is a potential complication of severe rhabdomyolysis. CASE REPORT We report 3 cases of compartment syndrome-related peripheral neuropathy in alcoholic individuals with rhabdomyolysis.

Cholecalciferol in ethanol-preferring rats muscle fibers increases the number and area of type II fibers.

The chronic use of ethanol causes neuropathy and atrophy of type II fibers and promotes vitamin D decrease. This study evaluated cholecalciferol effects on the deep fibular nerve and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle using an UChB ethanol-preferring rats model. Blood analyses were carried out to measure levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D), calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), and parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Role of curcumin in the management of pathological pain.

Background: Pathological pain conditions can be triggered after peripheral nerve injury and/or inflammation. It is a major clinical problem that is poorly treated with available therapeutics. Curcumin is a phenolic compound derived from Curcuma longa, being widely used for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Lifelong Impacts of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Neuroimmune Function.

alcohol exposure is emerging as a major risk factor for lifelong aberrant neuroimmune function. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder encompasses a range of behavioral and physiological sequelae that may occur throughout life and includes cognitive developmental disabilities as well as disease susceptibility related to aberrant immune and neuroimmune actions. Emerging data from clinical studies and findings from animal models support that of fetal alcohol exposure may reprogram the developing central nervous system leading to altered neuroimmune and neuroglial signaling during adulthood.