Reduced alcohol preference and intake after fecal transplant in patients with alcohol use disorder is transmissible to germ-free mice.

Alcohol use disorder is a major cause of morbidity, which requires newer treatment approaches. We previously showed in a randomized clinical trial that alcohol craving and consumption reduces after fecal transplantation. Here, to determine if this could be transmitted through microbial transfer, germ-free male C57BL/6 mice received stool or sterile supernatants collected from the trial participants pre-/post-fecal transplant.

Molecular and neurologic responses to chronic alcohol use.

This chapter provides an overview of current knowledge on the molecular and clinical aspects of chronic alcohol effects on the central nervous system. This drug is almost ubiquitous, widely enjoyed socially, but produces a diverse spectrum of neurologic disease when abused. Acutely, alcohol interacts predominantly with γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA-A) and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, but triggers diverse signaling events within well-defined neural pathways.

Formation of ethyl nitrite in vivo after ethanol administration.

The purpose of the current study was to ascertain whether ethyl nitrite could be detected in vitro from the reaction of ethanol with peroxynitrite, as well as after administration of ethanol to mice. Ethyl nitrite analyte was determined by using gas chromatography--mass spectrometry with headspace analysis with the use of a solid-phase microextraction device. Peroxynitrite was allowed to react with ethanol under a variety of conditions in vitro.