Caregiver and Child Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Meta-Analysis.

Context: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with adverse impacts on subsequent generations. The extent to which caregiver ACEs are associated with their child's ACE score is unclear.

Objective: To meta-analytically examine the association between caregiver and child ACE score.

Characterization of Spray-Dried Powders Using a Coated Alberta Idealized Nasal Inlet.

Dry powders offer the potential to increase stability and reduce cold-chain requirements associated with the distribution of vaccines and other thermally sensitive products. The Alberta Idealized Nasal Inlet (AINI) is a representative geometry for characterization of nasal products that may prove useful in examining intranasal delivery of powders. Spray-dried trehalose powders were loaded at 10, 20, and 40 mg doses into active single-dose devices.

Understanding ICU Nursing Knowledge, Perceived Barriers, and Facilitators of Sepsis Recognition and Management: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Importance: Nursing workforce changes, knowledge translation gaps, and environmental/organizational barriers may impact sepsis recognition and management within the ICU.

Objectives: To: 1) evaluate current ICU nursing knowledge of sepsis recognition and management, 2) explore individual and environmental or organizational factors impacting nursing recognition and management of sepsis using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), and 3) describe perceived barriers and facilitators to nursing recognition and management of patients with sepsis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional survey was administered to nurses working in four general system ICUs between October 24, 2023, and January 30, 2024.

Treatment of focal anaplastic Wilms tumor: A report from the Children's Oncology Group AREN0321 and AREN03B2 studies.

Background: In the fifth National Wilms Tumor Study, patients received vincristine and dactinomycin (VA) without radiation for stage I focal anaplastic Wilms tumor (FAWT) and VA plus doxorubicin (DD4A) and radiation for stage II-IV FAWT. Four-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for stage I FAWT were 67.5% and 88.

Do We Have Sufficient Evidence to Derive Innovative Approaches to Assessing Unmet Need, Delivering Education on Bladder and Bowel Continence Health, and Providing a Better Environment for Joint Decision-Making? ICI-RS 2024.

Context: Improved continence outcomes are reliant on identification of unmet need, education delivery, and shared decision-making. The evidence base on which to derive innovative approaches in these areas was unclear.

Methods: A debate held at the International Consultation on Incontinence-Research Society meeting, held in Bristol in June 2024, considered ways to improve research requirements to advance these areas.

Inferior sectoral chorioretinopathy in two patients with novel heterozygous mutations.

Background: Pathogenic variants in , a kinesin family gene, cause MCLMR and FEVR. In MCLMR, chorioretinal atrophy is present in the majority of cases and can be a helpful diagnostic sign.

Cases: We present the cases of two patients with chorioretinal atrophy and microcephaly who carry novel mutations.

Donor Strand Complementation and Calcium Ion Coordination Drive the Chaperone-free Polymerization of Archaeal Cannulae.

Cannulae are tubular protein filaments that accumulate on the extracellular surface of the hyperthermophilic archaeon during cell division. Cannulae have been postulated to act as a primitive extracellular matrix through which cells could communicate or exchange material, although their native biological function remains obscure. Here, we report cryoEM structural analyses of cannulae and of protein assemblies derived from recombinant cannula-like proteins.

Size Influences on the Survival of Willow Cuttings Under Operational Field Conditions.

Willows (genus ) are increasingly used in operational-scale ecosystem reclamation; however, different opinions exist regarding the optimal cutting size for planting under field conditions. We compared the survival of field-planted willow cuttings sourced from upland and lowland areas with varying diameters and lengths across two growing seasons. Cuttings were grouped into 15 size classes with different diameters (0.

Home Sweet Home: A Program Report on Promoting the Uptake of Home Dialysis.

Purpose Of Program: Canada's growing prevalence of people with kidney failure receiving kidney replacement therapy has necessitated the expansion of dialysis programs. Although facility-based hemodialysis is the predominant dialysis modality in Canada, it is substantially costlier than home dialysis (peritoneal or home hemodialysis). Initiatives to increase the uptake of home dialysis typically consist of didactic and experiential education.

Early Endoscopic Outcomes After Risankizumab Are Associated With Fewer Hospitalizations and Surgeries in Crohn's Disease.

Background And Aims: We evaluated the association between endoscopic outcomes following risankizumab induction and subsequent rates of hospitalization and surgery through 52 weeks of risankizumab (both doses) maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: Patients with moderately to severely active CD and clinical response to 12-week risankizumab induction were rerandomized to continued therapy or drug withdrawal in the phase 3 FORTIFY maintenance trial. Incidence rates (events/100 person-years) of CD-related hospitalization and surgery, and the composite of both, through 52 weeks of maintenance were compared between patients achieving vs not achieving predefined endoscopic outcomes following induction.

Health-related Quality of Life and Exercise Capacity in Double Lung Transplant Recipients With Baseline Lung Allograft Dysfunction.

Background: Baseline lung allograft dysfunction (BLAD) after lung transplant is associated with an increased risk of dying, but the association with health-related quality of life (HRQL) and exercise capacity is not known. We hypothesized that BLAD would be associated with reduced HRQL and 6-min walk distance (6MWD) at 1 y post-lung transplant.

Methods: We analyzed patients who underwent lung transplants in our program from 2004 to 2018 who completed 1-y 36-item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire and 6MWD testing.

Essential oil blend and monensin for feedlot steers consuming backgrounding and finishing diets: growth performance, methane emissions using the GreenFeed system, and feeding behavior.

A study was conducted to assess growth performance, methane (CH) emissions, and feeding behavior of feedlot steers consuming backgrounding and finishing diets with an essential oil blend (EO), monensin (Mon), and their combination (EO + Mon). The study was structured as a 2 × 2 factorial, with two feed additive treatments (Control, EO) and two monensin treatments (no Monensin, Monensin). One hundred Angus × steers were evenly distributed across each treatment into four pens, and each dietary phase consisted of four, 28-d periods.

Organizational factors impacting the implementation of a digital mental health tool in Alberta's mental health care of youth and young adults.

With mental health concerns on the rise among youth and young adults (age 12-24), increased mental health options include virtual care, apps and online tools, self-management and tracking tools, and digitally-enabled coordination of care. These tools may function as alternatives or adjuncts to face-to-face models of care. Innovative solutions in the form of digital mental health (dMH) services not only provide support, resources and care, but also decrease wait times and waitlists, increase access, and empower youth.

Impact of obesity on outcome in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada: A report from Cancer in Young People in Canada.

Background: Childhood obesity can result in adverse health outcomes. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of obesity and determine the association between obesity at cancer diagnosis and event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Cancer in Young People in Canada database, including all children with newly diagnosed cancer aged 2-18 years across Canada from 2001 to 2020.

Prevalence and management of neuropathic injury caused by dental implant insertion in mandible: a systematic review.

To synthesize scientific knowledge regarding the prevalence of neuropathies and nerve injuries caused by dental implant placement in mandible and the available management. Observational and interventional studies evaluating neuropathies occurrence in adults who underwent dental implant surgery were included. Any neuropathy diagnostic was accepted.

Environmental Risk Factors for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus through the Lens of Social Determinants of Health.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a serious multisystem autoimmune disease, marked by alarming sociodemographic inequities. In the U.S.

Dietary sodium intake among youth.

Although there was an overall decreasing trend in the mean sodium intake and excess sodium intake, dietary sodium intake remained suboptimal in US youth.

Impact of age-related changes in buccal epithelial cells on pediatric epigenetic biomarker research.

Cheek swabs, heterogeneous samples consisting primarily of buccal epithelial cells, are widely used in pediatric DNA methylation studies and biomarker creation. However, the decrease in buccal proportion with age in adults remains unexamined in childhood. We analyzed cheek swabs from 4626 typically developing children 2-months to 20-years-old.

Attenuation of progressive surface gravity waves by floating spheres.

Laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the attenuation of progressive deep-water waves by a mono-layer of loose- and close-packed floating spheres. We measured the decay distance of waves having different incident wave frequency and steepness. The attenuation of waves was strong if the surface concentration of particles was close-packed, with the decay distance being shorter for incident waves with higher frequency and steepness.

Enhanced nano-LC-MS for analyzing dansylated oral cancer tissue metabolome dissolved in solvents with high elution strength.

Background: Tissue metabolomics analysis, alongside genomics and proteomics, offers crucial insights into the regulatory mechanisms of tumorigenesis. To enhance metabolite detection sensitivity, chemical isotope labeling (CIL) techniques, such as dansylation, have been developed to improve metabolite separation and ionization in mass spectrometry (MS). However, the dissolution of hydrophobic derivatized metabolites in solvents with high acetonitrile content limits the use of liquid chromatography (LC) systems with small-volume reversed-phase (RP) columns.

Blarcamesine for the treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease: Results from the ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 Phase IIB/III trial.

Background: There are no approved oral disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of blarcamesine (ANAVEX®2-73), an orally available small-molecule activator of the sigma-1 receptor (SIGMAR1) in early AD through restoration of cellular homeostasis including autophagy enhancement.

Design: ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 48-week Phase IIb/III trial.

Modified Delphi Consensus on Interventions for Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: A Canadian Expert Perspective.

Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is a prevalent adverse effect of radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer, and there is a lack of high-quality data regarding its prevention and management. This study employs a systematic and iterative process to compile the perspectives of Canadian radiation oncology, nursing, and dermatology experts, aiming to establish consensus-based recommendations for the prevention and management of ARD in breast cancer patients. A modified Delphi consensus was conducted with the participation of 19 experts from across Canada.

Evaluating student understanding of core pharmacokinetic concepts.

Both educators and graduates have expressed concern about a perceived pharmacology knowledge gap that includes difficulty applying fundamental principles to clinical and research problems. Consequently, we sought to determine the extent to which current students can explain the meaning of, and appropriately apply, a subset of core concepts, and to identify any misconceptions arising from the responses. Of the twenty-four pharmacology core concepts arising from the recent international collaboration, four pharmacokinetic concepts were chosen, namely drug bioavailability, drug clearance, volume of distribution, and steady-state concentration.

The effect of arm positions used during radiography on spinal alignment parameters assessed by 3D ultrasound imaging in adolescents with and volunteers without idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Clinicians monitor scoliosis progression using multiple radiographs during growth. During imaging, arms must be elevated to visualize vertebrae, possibly affecting sagittal alignment. This study aimed to determine the arm position that best represents habitual standing (and possibly allowing hand-based skeletal maturity assessment) to obtain frontal and lateral stereo-radiographs as measured using frontal, sagittal, and transverse angles.